{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:NM3A4SONINCW534X5MWHVVXXZJ","short_pith_number":"pith:NM3A4SON","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1909.00670","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2019-09-02T11:23:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"title_canon_sha256":"6e3d015abad60f23594396cf773f7ad44c5b12bdabade0a9405d6d6f36728768","abstract_canon_sha256":"aafe3bc742e49ef3a7f2f2262b0f37914f8baef2a1d715b648da3f451a9e5f9e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6b360e49cd43456eef97eb2c7ad6f7ca4aea599240d3af63793d0117d02e4f6b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1909.00670","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1909.00670","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1909.00670v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1909.00670","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NM3A4SONINCW","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NM3A4SONINCW534X","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NM3A4SON","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:NM3A4SONINCW534X5MWHVVXXZJ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1909.00670","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2019-09-02T11:23:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"title_canon_sha256":"6e3d015abad60f23594396cf773f7ad44c5b12bdabade0a9405d6d6f36728768","abstract_canon_sha256":"aafe3bc742e49ef3a7f2f2262b0f37914f8baef2a1d715b648da3f451a9e5f9e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6b360e49cd43456eef97eb2c7ad6f7ca4aea599240d3af63793d0117d02e4f6b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11.880163Z","signature_b64":"thyJ/2N3ycUGUSrRRbf7wERPBIrisgRbVeKilhQQ1wMtvYFgf1MwhYQuL0zRiDRF+xlYVwAXXzK2zxFkj7lgAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6b360e49cd43456eef97eb2c7ad6f7ca4aea599240d3af63793d0117d02e4f6b","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11.879814Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11.879814Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1909.00670","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tg27DZ9BIK/Zc1TFzPVxa9bnkuz3btE1YUHdsGZ55tMw84v4kCA6KYegBUZLMuC1lHM1S7IdRXDJmYCiPqsGCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T17:35:58.853762Z"},"content_sha256":"dea6c90e55832fa4b21983650fc465fabfb4f6ab85108a53f62c901f21cc8fb4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:dea6c90e55832fa4b21983650fc465fabfb4f6ab85108a53f62c901f21cc8fb4"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:NM3A4SONINCW534X5MWHVVXXZJ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Origins of the Highest Energy Particles in Nature: where we are and where we go next","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.HE"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","authors_text":"A A Watson","submitted_at":"2019-09-02T11:23:30Z","abstract_excerpt":"In his Nobel Prize lecture Victor Hess urged that different instruments, working together, should be used to solve the problem of the origin of cosmic rays. I review some of the key developments that have opened up the new fields of direct and indirect multi-messenger astronomy and that are guiding us to the solution of this riddle. I then discuss, very briefly, some of the new instruments that are shortly to come on line and give examples to show the long lead-times from conception to implementation that occur in this field. I conclude with some remarks about very ambitious future projects. T"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1909.00670","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1909.00670/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HkMqEf0VoJ0+h9ZcjICHrkmmgv8mcteJxv8aSljf6bClO5JjJKOA9sXRIAuX/4yPeLJW5DV1w55cc3FO6WOkCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T17:35:58.854289Z"},"content_sha256":"5e0360b0bcee900934bb09bb9a7fa361a83c28e061b965e25d6169daf0bb1396","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5e0360b0bcee900934bb09bb9a7fa361a83c28e061b965e25d6169daf0bb1396"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NM3A4SONINCW534X5MWHVVXXZJ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NM3A4SONINCW534X5MWHVVXXZJ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NM3A4SONINCW534X5MWHVVXXZJ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-15T17:35:58Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NM3A4SONINCW534X5MWHVVXXZJ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NM3A4SONINCW534X5MWHVVXXZJ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NM3A4SONINCW534X5MWHVVXXZJ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NM3A4SONINCW534X5MWHVVXXZJ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:NM3A4SONINCW534X5MWHVVXXZJ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"aafe3bc742e49ef3a7f2f2262b0f37914f8baef2a1d715b648da3f451a9e5f9e","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2019-09-02T11:23:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"6e3d015abad60f23594396cf773f7ad44c5b12bdabade0a9405d6d6f36728768"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1909.00670","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1909.00670","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1909.00670v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1909.00670","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NM3A4SONINCW","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NM3A4SONINCW534X","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NM3A4SON","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5e0360b0bcee900934bb09bb9a7fa361a83c28e061b965e25d6169daf0bb1396","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1909.00670/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In his Nobel Prize lecture Victor Hess urged that different instruments, working together, should be used to solve the problem of the origin of cosmic rays. I review some of the key developments that have opened up the new fields of direct and indirect multi-messenger astronomy and that are guiding us to the solution of this riddle. I then discuss, very briefly, some of the new instruments that are shortly to come on line and give examples to show the long lead-times from conception to implementation that occur in this field. I conclude with some remarks about very ambitious future projects. T","authors_text":"A A Watson","cross_cats":["astro-ph.HE"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2019-09-02T11:23:30Z","title":"The Origins of the Highest Energy Particles in Nature: where we are and where we go next"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1909.00670","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:dea6c90e55832fa4b21983650fc465fabfb4f6ab85108a53f62c901f21cc8fb4","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"aafe3bc742e49ef3a7f2f2262b0f37914f8baef2a1d715b648da3f451a9e5f9e","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2019-09-02T11:23:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"6e3d015abad60f23594396cf773f7ad44c5b12bdabade0a9405d6d6f36728768"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1909.00670","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"6b360e49cd43456eef97eb2c7ad6f7ca4aea599240d3af63793d0117d02e4f6b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6b360e49cd43456eef97eb2c7ad6f7ca4aea599240d3af63793d0117d02e4f6b","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11.879814Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11.879814Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"thyJ/2N3ycUGUSrRRbf7wERPBIrisgRbVeKilhQQ1wMtvYFgf1MwhYQuL0zRiDRF+xlYVwAXXzK2zxFkj7lgAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:01:11.880163Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1909.00670","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:dea6c90e55832fa4b21983650fc465fabfb4f6ab85108a53f62c901f21cc8fb4","sha256:5e0360b0bcee900934bb09bb9a7fa361a83c28e061b965e25d6169daf0bb1396"],"state_sha256":"2ca1a4dfe7cdd9803d98c9f86c3015fe6a9cb56e85a68ffe2696c5afe2dc73ea"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/YEVvs8nQafratVwtLkxEB7QkX/cFjU13yuFS3guo5Np+PamZk8io+zU6sdptFYNkJo5pSk5yAc0XOlDVLLqDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T17:35:58.858173Z","bundle_sha256":"ae741488f7ee4eca192d0c171cdff2df699a4d714bba8e7e3ed42fa6e6809ece"}}