{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:NME2ZRZSQOXKSO3OTP7ZA4IRBU","short_pith_number":"pith:NME2ZRZS","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.02472","kind":"arxiv","version":8},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-04T20:34:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"df7571009de2ee34ff7e2df413d840775be7c615998eaf11ad69f2bb880dc59a","abstract_canon_sha256":"40cc08607afad81a921d3203017298300794d7e3bf3755149d400755fdc52a0d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6b09acc73283aea93b6e9bff9071110d03ec048082a50c42ee553f75abda45df","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2403.02472","version":8},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.02472","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.02472v8","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.02472","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NME2ZRZSQOXK","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NME2ZRZSQOXKSO3O","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NME2ZRZS","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:NME2ZRZSQOXKSO3OTP7ZA4IRBU","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.02472","kind":"arxiv","version":8},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-04T20:34:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"df7571009de2ee34ff7e2df413d840775be7c615998eaf11ad69f2bb880dc59a","abstract_canon_sha256":"40cc08607afad81a921d3203017298300794d7e3bf3755149d400755fdc52a0d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6b09acc73283aea93b6e9bff9071110d03ec048082a50c42ee553f75abda45df","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02.931989Z","signature_b64":"NfF9woPotlirD0R0gOAu1v/vYwjsn/BvR6wJKDQdepVnWekCmJ1v/gfa47nwMJjxlTQo4v5sg4YZ7PWWdAPVDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6b09acc73283aea93b6e9bff9071110d03ec048082a50c42ee553f75abda45df","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02.931464Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02.931464Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2403.02472","source_version":8,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"26n5eOVpZdwhh1EwmhWOhPmoBPUa3r4WztEHFeQE1J5eAZDZUnHVHYIG6D0FTYkKE6buA7kVgEhmhO3kkpElBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T12:29:16.527313Z"},"content_sha256":"14d833b669d0332b076102d4faf4b3e78bf5dfe94f0d31ea9ebdfb6541c181c5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:14d833b669d0332b076102d4faf4b3e78bf5dfe94f0d31ea9ebdfb6541c181c5"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:NME2ZRZSQOXKSO3OTP7ZA4IRBU","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"OffensiveLang: A Community Based Implicit Offensive Language Dataset","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Aman Chadha, Amit Das, Cheryl Seals, Dongji Feng, Fatemeh Jamshidi, Gerry Dozier, Lauramarie Pope, Mary Sandage, Mostafa Rahgouy, Nilanjana Raychawdhary, Tathagata Bhattacharya, Vinija Jain, Zheng Zhang","submitted_at":"2024-03-04T20:34:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"The widespread presence of hateful languages on social media has resulted in adverse effects on societal well-being. As a result, addressing this issue with high priority has become very important. Hate speech or offensive languages exist in both explicit and implicit forms, with the latter being more challenging to detect. Current research in this domain encounters several challenges. Firstly, the existing datasets primarily rely on the collection of texts containing explicit offensive keywords, making it challenging to capture implicitly offensive contents that are devoid of these keywords. "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.02472","kind":"arxiv","version":8},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2403.02472/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6wVP7js8oErzF5Q4ssQPeOyxMtT0PCf3p7BLCRXKgs68mAqwRiIuc5tPJ3FJz78ysVq3stjnizf0YHollv+aBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T12:29:16.527880Z"},"content_sha256":"38a55702b651073587caaccd464895d39f242f5bf691dc051fafcb71a48979cc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:38a55702b651073587caaccd464895d39f242f5bf691dc051fafcb71a48979cc"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NME2ZRZSQOXKSO3OTP7ZA4IRBU/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NME2ZRZSQOXKSO3OTP7ZA4IRBU/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NME2ZRZSQOXKSO3OTP7ZA4IRBU/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-17T12:29:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NME2ZRZSQOXKSO3OTP7ZA4IRBU","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NME2ZRZSQOXKSO3OTP7ZA4IRBU/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NME2ZRZSQOXKSO3OTP7ZA4IRBU/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NME2ZRZSQOXKSO3OTP7ZA4IRBU/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:NME2ZRZSQOXKSO3OTP7ZA4IRBU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"40cc08607afad81a921d3203017298300794d7e3bf3755149d400755fdc52a0d","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-04T20:34:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"df7571009de2ee34ff7e2df413d840775be7c615998eaf11ad69f2bb880dc59a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.02472","kind":"arxiv","version":8}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.02472","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.02472v8","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.02472","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NME2ZRZSQOXK","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NME2ZRZSQOXKSO3O","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NME2ZRZS","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:38a55702b651073587caaccd464895d39f242f5bf691dc051fafcb71a48979cc","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2403.02472/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The widespread presence of hateful languages on social media has resulted in adverse effects on societal well-being. As a result, addressing this issue with high priority has become very important. Hate speech or offensive languages exist in both explicit and implicit forms, with the latter being more challenging to detect. Current research in this domain encounters several challenges. Firstly, the existing datasets primarily rely on the collection of texts containing explicit offensive keywords, making it challenging to capture implicitly offensive contents that are devoid of these keywords. ","authors_text":"Aman Chadha, Amit Das, Cheryl Seals, Dongji Feng, Fatemeh Jamshidi, Gerry Dozier, Lauramarie Pope, Mary Sandage, Mostafa Rahgouy, Nilanjana Raychawdhary, Tathagata Bhattacharya, Vinija Jain, Zheng Zhang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-04T20:34:58Z","title":"OffensiveLang: A Community Based Implicit Offensive Language Dataset"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.02472","kind":"arxiv","version":8},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:14d833b669d0332b076102d4faf4b3e78bf5dfe94f0d31ea9ebdfb6541c181c5","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"40cc08607afad81a921d3203017298300794d7e3bf3755149d400755fdc52a0d","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-04T20:34:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"df7571009de2ee34ff7e2df413d840775be7c615998eaf11ad69f2bb880dc59a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.02472","kind":"arxiv","version":8}},"canonical_sha256":"6b09acc73283aea93b6e9bff9071110d03ec048082a50c42ee553f75abda45df","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6b09acc73283aea93b6e9bff9071110d03ec048082a50c42ee553f75abda45df","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02.931464Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02.931464Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"NfF9woPotlirD0R0gOAu1v/vYwjsn/BvR6wJKDQdepVnWekCmJ1v/gfa47nwMJjxlTQo4v5sg4YZ7PWWdAPVDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:49:02.931989Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2403.02472","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":8}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:14d833b669d0332b076102d4faf4b3e78bf5dfe94f0d31ea9ebdfb6541c181c5","sha256:38a55702b651073587caaccd464895d39f242f5bf691dc051fafcb71a48979cc"],"state_sha256":"a32a5077eca8432906d0e406e73086572c9676a492c026985798e9ba8cca6c37"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6PWpK2pNgj1KJwC/hgRN6dpmoW2LXfTCZWojZZ3jGBreG0PhZG1CnpgP8UnYHpSvVxNPRFdcCqJFQoev0ht8Cg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T12:29:16.532168Z","bundle_sha256":"6fab7c02b796e852a237d74960f68e3939d47c40b186e831f2faf76625bad427"}}