{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:NO2OPAQDMWDHGCVSZC275FJZPI","short_pith_number":"pith:NO2OPAQD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2304.13033","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-04-12T21:55:35Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"5f1ed6fd87f6555d976f7d2969af3db8f1a2a4493053fbf9cad022b95d80f4b5","abstract_canon_sha256":"256fd713adde925942c07745792a958b117cf85ec323cd326de7f67219018a41"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6bb4e782036586730ab2c8b5fe95397a0b6d22072d96de9765f58194d5796410","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2304.13033","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2304.13033","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2304.13033v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2304.13033","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NO2OPAQDMWDH","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NO2OPAQDMWDHGCVS","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NO2OPAQD","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:NO2OPAQDMWDHGCVSZC275FJZPI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2304.13033","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-04-12T21:55:35Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"5f1ed6fd87f6555d976f7d2969af3db8f1a2a4493053fbf9cad022b95d80f4b5","abstract_canon_sha256":"256fd713adde925942c07745792a958b117cf85ec323cd326de7f67219018a41"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6bb4e782036586730ab2c8b5fe95397a0b6d22072d96de9765f58194d5796410","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38.136090Z","signature_b64":"VGrw+qSUxZFX2EaLIBpd4nSgnhodf42Mf78slCYtx1gKJdyegDHxaz4A4IHCKZCBhOkoqDlJHif7ZFadMbWBBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6bb4e782036586730ab2c8b5fe95397a0b6d22072d96de9765f58194d5796410","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38.135537Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38.135537Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2304.13033","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xawL711NnjKF9b684DvWGe19RV/LjxMZ6M9P4k7qq7BXzbysl4dIEcPpDsDLqCR5ZG7dqmq+gsG1MZM1Nd9iAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-11T20:04:32.435143Z"},"content_sha256":"fcdb5b3b2ec68a60431fa1490fb5df173ef8b504167c66a4eb2dd0639d2d793e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fcdb5b3b2ec68a60431fa1490fb5df173ef8b504167c66a4eb2dd0639d2d793e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:NO2OPAQDMWDHGCVSZC275FJZPI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"SmartChoices: Augmenting Software with Learned Implementations","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Daniel Golovin, Efi Kokiopoulou, Emily Donahue, Eric Chen, Gabor Bartok, Justin Sybrandt, Nikhil Sarda, Ruoyan Qin, Tzu-Kuo Huang, Vincent Tjeng","submitted_at":"2023-04-12T21:55:35Z","abstract_excerpt":"In many software systems, heuristics are used to make decisions - such as cache eviction, task scheduling, and information presentation - that have a significant impact on overall system behavior. While machine learning may outperform these heuristics, replacing existing heuristics in a production system safely and reliably can be prohibitively costly. We present SmartChoices, a novel approach that reduces the cost to deploy production-ready ML solutions for contextual bandits problems. SmartChoices' interface cleanly separates problem formulation from implementation details: engineers describ"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2304.13033","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2304.13033/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kM2YOOXgm4QIvrEHlKTHMAT9ZnMFya0AqquTRkLV+ixiHTR69IwXBJEgLeDy+2Kj4RrBI9bzEHbuPN3K5j+zBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-11T20:04:32.435529Z"},"content_sha256":"4a39730974e88930765734ae6e627ccd8532355ecd0eb7378337a10fa4d1001f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4a39730974e88930765734ae6e627ccd8532355ecd0eb7378337a10fa4d1001f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NO2OPAQDMWDHGCVSZC275FJZPI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NO2OPAQDMWDHGCVSZC275FJZPI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NO2OPAQDMWDHGCVSZC275FJZPI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-11T20:04:32Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NO2OPAQDMWDHGCVSZC275FJZPI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NO2OPAQDMWDHGCVSZC275FJZPI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NO2OPAQDMWDHGCVSZC275FJZPI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NO2OPAQDMWDHGCVSZC275FJZPI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:NO2OPAQDMWDHGCVSZC275FJZPI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"256fd713adde925942c07745792a958b117cf85ec323cd326de7f67219018a41","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-04-12T21:55:35Z","title_canon_sha256":"5f1ed6fd87f6555d976f7d2969af3db8f1a2a4493053fbf9cad022b95d80f4b5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2304.13033","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2304.13033","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2304.13033v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2304.13033","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NO2OPAQDMWDH","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NO2OPAQDMWDHGCVS","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NO2OPAQD","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4a39730974e88930765734ae6e627ccd8532355ecd0eb7378337a10fa4d1001f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2304.13033/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In many software systems, heuristics are used to make decisions - such as cache eviction, task scheduling, and information presentation - that have a significant impact on overall system behavior. While machine learning may outperform these heuristics, replacing existing heuristics in a production system safely and reliably can be prohibitively costly. We present SmartChoices, a novel approach that reduces the cost to deploy production-ready ML solutions for contextual bandits problems. SmartChoices' interface cleanly separates problem formulation from implementation details: engineers describ","authors_text":"Daniel Golovin, Efi Kokiopoulou, Emily Donahue, Eric Chen, Gabor Bartok, Justin Sybrandt, Nikhil Sarda, Ruoyan Qin, Tzu-Kuo Huang, Vincent Tjeng","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-04-12T21:55:35Z","title":"SmartChoices: Augmenting Software with Learned Implementations"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2304.13033","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:fcdb5b3b2ec68a60431fa1490fb5df173ef8b504167c66a4eb2dd0639d2d793e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"256fd713adde925942c07745792a958b117cf85ec323cd326de7f67219018a41","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-04-12T21:55:35Z","title_canon_sha256":"5f1ed6fd87f6555d976f7d2969af3db8f1a2a4493053fbf9cad022b95d80f4b5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2304.13033","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"6bb4e782036586730ab2c8b5fe95397a0b6d22072d96de9765f58194d5796410","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6bb4e782036586730ab2c8b5fe95397a0b6d22072d96de9765f58194d5796410","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38.135537Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38.135537Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"VGrw+qSUxZFX2EaLIBpd4nSgnhodf42Mf78slCYtx1gKJdyegDHxaz4A4IHCKZCBhOkoqDlJHif7ZFadMbWBBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:41:38.136090Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2304.13033","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:fcdb5b3b2ec68a60431fa1490fb5df173ef8b504167c66a4eb2dd0639d2d793e","sha256:4a39730974e88930765734ae6e627ccd8532355ecd0eb7378337a10fa4d1001f"],"state_sha256":"28fd7108cb5f99cca0ff1b587c71fe1719c0301a747938f17cfa4b5abf4c866e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fJYsOfMa42t+iMPBFoW8/q3JveTZx2QdePiqflfoF/+7IMPRgpFf/j6z1fy21FKcdjMDZKphq84TVNH0kRI3Cw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-11T20:04:32.437615Z","bundle_sha256":"6b507ece0944b443b208f95e6182c5a89908685c1f1abd8e3b20b76d2a1698ce"}}