{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:NPKV2WHTUDQXGFGQ6UCTX4KIBP","short_pith_number":"pith:NPKV2WHT","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1403.1325","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2014-03-06T02:05:54Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"78ca8cf55477e971f192d7f80bf6c4771119d940fd43e1b8dc3a273638640368","abstract_canon_sha256":"d6e224ce1c40cd93a7e47a0bdddfe60aa7b636d4695ea887b9f36af770080f9b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6bd55d58f3a0e17314d0f5053bf1480bfab1ee3218c6d772cb74d43be9221656","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1403.1325","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1403.1325","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1403.1325v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1403.1325","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NPKV2WHTUDQX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NPKV2WHTUDQXGFGQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NPKV2WHT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:NPKV2WHTUDQXGFGQ6UCTX4KIBP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1403.1325","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2014-03-06T02:05:54Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"78ca8cf55477e971f192d7f80bf6c4771119d940fd43e1b8dc3a273638640368","abstract_canon_sha256":"d6e224ce1c40cd93a7e47a0bdddfe60aa7b636d4695ea887b9f36af770080f9b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6bd55d58f3a0e17314d0f5053bf1480bfab1ee3218c6d772cb74d43be9221656","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:00.590106Z","signature_b64":"sXrZcp2VbCpLO7IP+7C0hVegMiH2kbNMJSX4JeWmWgTCvaJ/TE64pBnl3ALSPEAJWT0Ymfdj6xVGvznhniI1AQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6bd55d58f3a0e17314d0f5053bf1480bfab1ee3218c6d772cb74d43be9221656","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:00.589592Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:00.589592Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1403.1325","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Bh+ZmVtK5I/EeqXPj67fLk40NoA5X1Me4WZxPE5UwPxiZZjaISywuel1Q9RKgN7/8bkCFLGiQzqxHnYdrpejCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T23:46:44.111886Z"},"content_sha256":"ac9b3f0a1d220555c63db03580c956597c7af8b0c5140506ceb5d4c51688a200","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ac9b3f0a1d220555c63db03580c956597c7af8b0c5140506ceb5d4c51688a200"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:NPKV2WHTUDQXGFGQ6UCTX4KIBP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A renewal theory approach to IBD sharing","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","authors_text":"Itsik Pe'er, John Wakeley, Peter Wilton, Shai Carmi","submitted_at":"2014-03-06T02:05:54Z","abstract_excerpt":"A long genomic segment inherited by a pair of individuals from a single, recent common ancestor is said to be identical-by-descent (IBD). Shared IBD segments have numerous applications in genetics, from demographic inference to phasing, imputation, pedigree reconstruction, and disease mapping. Here, we provide a theoretical analysis of IBD sharing under Markovian approximations of the coalescent with recombination. We describe a general framework for the IBD process along the chromosome under the Markovian models (SMC/SMC'), as well as introduce and justify a new model, which we term the renew"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1403.1325","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PEgKcu3SXQMUkmTDwU2BhpJ6ibrddPgFfch6xa8YZV54tALxz0eiYKCPGK/UhvSb2LNK9IK9yjgP/sx9fiabDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T23:46:44.112685Z"},"content_sha256":"a3eab9162776bc5534b3653d956fcbfcede0810cc785f7d569636875c21d957f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a3eab9162776bc5534b3653d956fcbfcede0810cc785f7d569636875c21d957f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NPKV2WHTUDQXGFGQ6UCTX4KIBP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NPKV2WHTUDQXGFGQ6UCTX4KIBP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NPKV2WHTUDQXGFGQ6UCTX4KIBP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-09T23:46:44Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NPKV2WHTUDQXGFGQ6UCTX4KIBP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NPKV2WHTUDQXGFGQ6UCTX4KIBP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NPKV2WHTUDQXGFGQ6UCTX4KIBP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NPKV2WHTUDQXGFGQ6UCTX4KIBP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:NPKV2WHTUDQXGFGQ6UCTX4KIBP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d6e224ce1c40cd93a7e47a0bdddfe60aa7b636d4695ea887b9f36af770080f9b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2014-03-06T02:05:54Z","title_canon_sha256":"78ca8cf55477e971f192d7f80bf6c4771119d940fd43e1b8dc3a273638640368"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1403.1325","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1403.1325","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1403.1325v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1403.1325","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NPKV2WHTUDQX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NPKV2WHTUDQXGFGQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NPKV2WHT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a3eab9162776bc5534b3653d956fcbfcede0810cc785f7d569636875c21d957f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"A long genomic segment inherited by a pair of individuals from a single, recent common ancestor is said to be identical-by-descent (IBD). Shared IBD segments have numerous applications in genetics, from demographic inference to phasing, imputation, pedigree reconstruction, and disease mapping. Here, we provide a theoretical analysis of IBD sharing under Markovian approximations of the coalescent with recombination. We describe a general framework for the IBD process along the chromosome under the Markovian models (SMC/SMC'), as well as introduce and justify a new model, which we term the renew","authors_text":"Itsik Pe'er, John Wakeley, Peter Wilton, Shai Carmi","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2014-03-06T02:05:54Z","title":"A renewal theory approach to IBD sharing"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1403.1325","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ac9b3f0a1d220555c63db03580c956597c7af8b0c5140506ceb5d4c51688a200","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d6e224ce1c40cd93a7e47a0bdddfe60aa7b636d4695ea887b9f36af770080f9b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2014-03-06T02:05:54Z","title_canon_sha256":"78ca8cf55477e971f192d7f80bf6c4771119d940fd43e1b8dc3a273638640368"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1403.1325","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"6bd55d58f3a0e17314d0f5053bf1480bfab1ee3218c6d772cb74d43be9221656","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6bd55d58f3a0e17314d0f5053bf1480bfab1ee3218c6d772cb74d43be9221656","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:00.589592Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:00.589592Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"sXrZcp2VbCpLO7IP+7C0hVegMiH2kbNMJSX4JeWmWgTCvaJ/TE64pBnl3ALSPEAJWT0Ymfdj6xVGvznhniI1AQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:00.590106Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1403.1325","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ac9b3f0a1d220555c63db03580c956597c7af8b0c5140506ceb5d4c51688a200","sha256:a3eab9162776bc5534b3653d956fcbfcede0810cc785f7d569636875c21d957f"],"state_sha256":"00eaa3c6a8520e0cfa8dc8d8d60b3e8d08a17f696d37e95c4677ac369c87b714"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uaIQy/52X3NPR4GoC1yk3nWQNzI37bZ4RZVIttn+uqN6TISE6dnZPXLIf6cERy3BVgHJh7P6M5EqjpK0zEViAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T23:46:44.116707Z","bundle_sha256":"bd2379ce33ba7a891089dc4a52bfc77042bb97678e456e1bdd4abfcba952f1fb"}}