{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:NPOID5XG2L4BZOLX5EJM7ID3Z2","short_pith_number":"pith:NPOID5XG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1412.3359","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CC","submitted_at":"2014-12-10T16:35:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DS"],"title_canon_sha256":"364b727681dda2373b90ef92caebd006909e647e8e327f725e47433fd03d3a24","abstract_canon_sha256":"4f74a302979e3e898288426921ffffe3e49f592118533f4180f10522684bf926"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6bdc81f6e6d2f81cb977e912cfa07bcebfebedfeb5b24ca1696a0ec2c784e396","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1412.3359","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1412.3359","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1412.3359v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1412.3359","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NPOID5XG2L4B","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NPOID5XG2L4BZOLX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NPOID5XG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:NPOID5XG2L4BZOLX5EJM7ID3Z2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1412.3359","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CC","submitted_at":"2014-12-10T16:35:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DS"],"title_canon_sha256":"364b727681dda2373b90ef92caebd006909e647e8e327f725e47433fd03d3a24","abstract_canon_sha256":"4f74a302979e3e898288426921ffffe3e49f592118533f4180f10522684bf926"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6bdc81f6e6d2f81cb977e912cfa07bcebfebedfeb5b24ca1696a0ec2c784e396","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:32.857609Z","signature_b64":"1vYRsQpbSRMzJ5Chtf61HaHSNEk6Ru/bZ0cwYuoAbVWuSh4SHQCOU4DL0xH1YOR5yFelSOl8JGYFIonGFp9LBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6bdc81f6e6d2f81cb977e912cfa07bcebfebedfeb5b24ca1696a0ec2c784e396","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:32.857186Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:32.857186Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1412.3359","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:32Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"av/j8p3rwD3QYMhdy6mt3r0O48xbcbEcEbAbtH0UPMn5dpJ4TsuObWklwC1eUiLpm41+frnsfpR8vXPQ9AKsBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T13:23:18.483765Z"},"content_sha256":"962f74dbd02b6c3cd97e8f67ce27c90cafe98c6c9cd65e6cdb0c7a75a37a0366","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:962f74dbd02b6c3cd97e8f67ce27c90cafe98c6c9cd65e6cdb0c7a75a37a0366"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:NPOID5XG2L4BZOLX5EJM7ID3Z2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"On DDoS Attack Related Minimum Cut Problems","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.DS"],"primary_cat":"cs.CC","authors_text":"Ehab Al-Shaer, Haadi Jafarian, Jinhui Xu, Qi Duan","submitted_at":"2014-12-10T16:35:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we study two important extensions of the classical minimum cut problem, called {\\em Connectivity Preserving Minimum Cut (CPMC)} problem and {\\em Threshold Minimum Cut (TMC)} problem, which have important applications in large-scale DDoS attacks. In CPMC problem, a minimum cut is sought to separate a of source from a destination node and meanwhile preserve the connectivity between the source and its partner node(s). The CPMC problem also has important applications in many other areas such as emergency responding, image processing, pattern recognition, and medical sciences. In TMC"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1412.3359","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:32Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PXY1yWjj3rgoDlHIEsifRnDhqxZQkZZMk6r4BEZSDMT73/FjRqBcR/GsDWXLQLmT+p4N9as/rLOBsU/7ZMMyDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T13:23:18.484406Z"},"content_sha256":"aa7dfa89d39fe63bd2d23e9baa30b41457ee6770a4185611d594cb45b61963f4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:aa7dfa89d39fe63bd2d23e9baa30b41457ee6770a4185611d594cb45b61963f4"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NPOID5XG2L4BZOLX5EJM7ID3Z2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NPOID5XG2L4BZOLX5EJM7ID3Z2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NPOID5XG2L4BZOLX5EJM7ID3Z2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-19T13:23:18Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NPOID5XG2L4BZOLX5EJM7ID3Z2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NPOID5XG2L4BZOLX5EJM7ID3Z2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NPOID5XG2L4BZOLX5EJM7ID3Z2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NPOID5XG2L4BZOLX5EJM7ID3Z2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:NPOID5XG2L4BZOLX5EJM7ID3Z2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4f74a302979e3e898288426921ffffe3e49f592118533f4180f10522684bf926","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DS"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CC","submitted_at":"2014-12-10T16:35:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"364b727681dda2373b90ef92caebd006909e647e8e327f725e47433fd03d3a24"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1412.3359","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1412.3359","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1412.3359v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1412.3359","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NPOID5XG2L4B","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NPOID5XG2L4BZOLX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NPOID5XG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:aa7dfa89d39fe63bd2d23e9baa30b41457ee6770a4185611d594cb45b61963f4","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we study two important extensions of the classical minimum cut problem, called {\\em Connectivity Preserving Minimum Cut (CPMC)} problem and {\\em Threshold Minimum Cut (TMC)} problem, which have important applications in large-scale DDoS attacks. In CPMC problem, a minimum cut is sought to separate a of source from a destination node and meanwhile preserve the connectivity between the source and its partner node(s). The CPMC problem also has important applications in many other areas such as emergency responding, image processing, pattern recognition, and medical sciences. In TMC","authors_text":"Ehab Al-Shaer, Haadi Jafarian, Jinhui Xu, Qi Duan","cross_cats":["cs.DS"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CC","submitted_at":"2014-12-10T16:35:32Z","title":"On DDoS Attack Related Minimum Cut Problems"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1412.3359","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:962f74dbd02b6c3cd97e8f67ce27c90cafe98c6c9cd65e6cdb0c7a75a37a0366","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4f74a302979e3e898288426921ffffe3e49f592118533f4180f10522684bf926","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DS"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CC","submitted_at":"2014-12-10T16:35:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"364b727681dda2373b90ef92caebd006909e647e8e327f725e47433fd03d3a24"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1412.3359","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"6bdc81f6e6d2f81cb977e912cfa07bcebfebedfeb5b24ca1696a0ec2c784e396","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6bdc81f6e6d2f81cb977e912cfa07bcebfebedfeb5b24ca1696a0ec2c784e396","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:32.857186Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:32.857186Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"1vYRsQpbSRMzJ5Chtf61HaHSNEk6Ru/bZ0cwYuoAbVWuSh4SHQCOU4DL0xH1YOR5yFelSOl8JGYFIonGFp9LBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:18:32.857609Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1412.3359","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:962f74dbd02b6c3cd97e8f67ce27c90cafe98c6c9cd65e6cdb0c7a75a37a0366","sha256:aa7dfa89d39fe63bd2d23e9baa30b41457ee6770a4185611d594cb45b61963f4"],"state_sha256":"d0a53ee061d20e7d8ad2e59fc7476ce2280ea9ac13572ef3b8d4186078ef1ce9"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ofzBa2lYmjJPGNjWaj0lJ0OxP4SPNirh9Fz+D3hkTwSMQHg9p9BxTLoJ4CYGjUfqnI59wz2+K1cMlDoTvMxJCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T13:23:18.487248Z","bundle_sha256":"953dfaeb5690610595c414225d25043e15398fcc6c3e11fa8a2a6087d98f83f9"}}