{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1998:NQQNOLQMUGF4KJNF4RPCEZU4OP","short_pith_number":"pith:NQQNOLQM","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"gr-qc/9806031","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"1998-06-06T01:07:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"6307a332bfbfc49d1eee6a38622432d2a72d5f237e07c7166db4bc962062fd26","abstract_canon_sha256":"f2a8bff01bcb5d383b207f82e89bc62e542a393c8dd2c1baa3bbd3918ee9818e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6c20d72e0ca18bc525a5e45e22669c73cab805043682a50db7b860a293cf16c0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"gr-qc/9806031","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"gr-qc/9806031","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"gr-qc/9806031v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.gr-qc/9806031","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NQQNOLQMUGF4","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NQQNOLQMUGF4KJNF","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NQQNOLQM","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:1998:NQQNOLQMUGF4KJNF4RPCEZU4OP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"gr-qc/9806031","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"1998-06-06T01:07:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"6307a332bfbfc49d1eee6a38622432d2a72d5f237e07c7166db4bc962062fd26","abstract_canon_sha256":"f2a8bff01bcb5d383b207f82e89bc62e542a393c8dd2c1baa3bbd3918ee9818e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6c20d72e0ca18bc525a5e45e22669c73cab805043682a50db7b860a293cf16c0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49.461857Z","signature_b64":"wZN1DVudjhSMOWsb1/ajg6FRxA7IfqC8+ObaFhQtlC9v311YVk8YgtRGTzniNxB85osYajVCmnjgyiX9ki81Bw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6c20d72e0ca18bc525a5e45e22669c73cab805043682a50db7b860a293cf16c0","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49.461474Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49.461474Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"gr-qc/9806031","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5MZ+o1y/jD6qIXOJS7195gsbJqB5H0l8fx5Ku5KX7Kl/CdM/R67m5kqYALvVbQtJwUtG17BEroKjmV0PGuvVDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T16:42:56.886573Z"},"content_sha256":"13ad773c5e7791730d8a23d10dc78d2b21e6756ee218879688246f0eef6ca096","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:13ad773c5e7791730d8a23d10dc78d2b21e6756ee218879688246f0eef6ca096"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:1998:NQQNOLQMUGF4KJNF4RPCEZU4OP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Head--on Collision of Two Unequal Mass Black Holes","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph"],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Peter Anninos, Steven Brandt","submitted_at":"1998-06-06T01:07:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present results from the first fully nonlinear numerical calculations of the head--on collision of two unequal mass black holes. Selected waveforms of the most dominant l=2, 3 and 4 quasinormal modes are shown, as are the total radiated energies and recoil velocities for a range of mass ratios and initial separations. Our results validate the close and distant separation limit perturbation studies, and suggest that the head--on collision scenario is not likely to produce an astrophysically significant recoil effect."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"gr-qc/9806031","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/gr-qc/9806031/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6EEfOKj0nUihK9GiaHnfJYhbK1sgdfCASmNrqt7RlDr8TfwY91o9/wVAGqEwMAhpmPFokYwOCBF0ouzp5ImGCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T16:42:56.887061Z"},"content_sha256":"65611528b79f85cbd41dae7e008caf98fdf93be18a372fef60996fc93af655ac","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:65611528b79f85cbd41dae7e008caf98fdf93be18a372fef60996fc93af655ac"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NQQNOLQMUGF4KJNF4RPCEZU4OP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NQQNOLQMUGF4KJNF4RPCEZU4OP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NQQNOLQMUGF4KJNF4RPCEZU4OP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-14T16:42:56Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NQQNOLQMUGF4KJNF4RPCEZU4OP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NQQNOLQMUGF4KJNF4RPCEZU4OP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NQQNOLQMUGF4KJNF4RPCEZU4OP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NQQNOLQMUGF4KJNF4RPCEZU4OP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1998:NQQNOLQMUGF4KJNF4RPCEZU4OP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f2a8bff01bcb5d383b207f82e89bc62e542a393c8dd2c1baa3bbd3918ee9818e","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph"],"license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"1998-06-06T01:07:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"6307a332bfbfc49d1eee6a38622432d2a72d5f237e07c7166db4bc962062fd26"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"gr-qc/9806031","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"gr-qc/9806031","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"gr-qc/9806031v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.gr-qc/9806031","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NQQNOLQMUGF4","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NQQNOLQMUGF4KJNF","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NQQNOLQM","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:65611528b79f85cbd41dae7e008caf98fdf93be18a372fef60996fc93af655ac","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/gr-qc/9806031/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present results from the first fully nonlinear numerical calculations of the head--on collision of two unequal mass black holes. Selected waveforms of the most dominant l=2, 3 and 4 quasinormal modes are shown, as are the total radiated energies and recoil velocities for a range of mass ratios and initial separations. Our results validate the close and distant separation limit perturbation studies, and suggest that the head--on collision scenario is not likely to produce an astrophysically significant recoil effect.","authors_text":"Peter Anninos, Steven Brandt","cross_cats":["astro-ph"],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"1998-06-06T01:07:10Z","title":"Head--on Collision of Two Unequal Mass Black Holes"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"gr-qc/9806031","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:13ad773c5e7791730d8a23d10dc78d2b21e6756ee218879688246f0eef6ca096","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f2a8bff01bcb5d383b207f82e89bc62e542a393c8dd2c1baa3bbd3918ee9818e","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph"],"license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"1998-06-06T01:07:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"6307a332bfbfc49d1eee6a38622432d2a72d5f237e07c7166db4bc962062fd26"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"gr-qc/9806031","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"6c20d72e0ca18bc525a5e45e22669c73cab805043682a50db7b860a293cf16c0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6c20d72e0ca18bc525a5e45e22669c73cab805043682a50db7b860a293cf16c0","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49.461474Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49.461474Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"wZN1DVudjhSMOWsb1/ajg6FRxA7IfqC8+ObaFhQtlC9v311YVk8YgtRGTzniNxB85osYajVCmnjgyiX9ki81Bw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:08:49.461857Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"gr-qc/9806031","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:13ad773c5e7791730d8a23d10dc78d2b21e6756ee218879688246f0eef6ca096","sha256:65611528b79f85cbd41dae7e008caf98fdf93be18a372fef60996fc93af655ac"],"state_sha256":"7e83e7c94667e555c7a51c3de3d0bb3b29907958087ad5d8272e8d2963847f69"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vli+e7IhJXPfm4TuY9L2ximK8fErO2EqBkgDcj7VH3bDON8OSDfi34YtkDG1wcE2KWFY07MmDLn+l3XJzbDPBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T16:42:56.891302Z","bundle_sha256":"a336f1355a2a4fa8710a8da949c5c63266ac56c107ce4ae579ce4daff609fea9"}}