{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:NSMHGO64PA27DIR675OLCG4OIV","short_pith_number":"pith:NSMHGO64","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1409.0145","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2014-08-30T18:47:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f848e6b3e92e070f3fe9ae9ffb06781a01e3af09c3ca67bfe57e2719a59f6b83","abstract_canon_sha256":"d838cd7f37d977c12c3baba84f79fb2488f5ad4d28893b0a6cd98d78dda293a2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6c98733bdc7835f1a23eff5cb11b8e456369519ba7ea19975dd212f9297e76ef","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1409.0145","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1409.0145","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1409.0145v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1409.0145","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NSMHGO64PA27","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NSMHGO64PA27DIR6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NSMHGO64","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:NSMHGO64PA27DIR675OLCG4OIV","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1409.0145","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2014-08-30T18:47:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f848e6b3e92e070f3fe9ae9ffb06781a01e3af09c3ca67bfe57e2719a59f6b83","abstract_canon_sha256":"d838cd7f37d977c12c3baba84f79fb2488f5ad4d28893b0a6cd98d78dda293a2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6c98733bdc7835f1a23eff5cb11b8e456369519ba7ea19975dd212f9297e76ef","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:53.243574Z","signature_b64":"/pe0WVFhGs2dRubfzaMKRStZxQbS4UUvc47gJ1xHWTTACYhn1PmEwTCy7f4EkIkQL78S/jCYu24W743kcwnEAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6c98733bdc7835f1a23eff5cb11b8e456369519ba7ea19975dd212f9297e76ef","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:53.243210Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:53.243210Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1409.0145","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Y8Wd2ltSRJDCjXHcTa7aTScbmkCofpgqYsiG3ryjsIBFzyllSzI7siD+rRDV+WJr052tZqN4SRywz5Uyk+U3AQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T22:13:13.119657Z"},"content_sha256":"cd6c83f99b5c761cce358bf2eb17b2a9a9accff2a818d9c63f6a2a837485407c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cd6c83f99b5c761cce358bf2eb17b2a9a9accff2a818d9c63f6a2a837485407c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:NSMHGO64PA27DIR675OLCG4OIV","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Quantum friction","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"A.I. Volokitin, B.N.J. Persson","submitted_at":"2014-08-30T18:47:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the van der Waals friction between graphene and an amorphous SiO$_2$ substrate. We find that due to this friction the electric current is saturated at a high electric field, in agreement with experiment. The saturation current depends weakly on the temperature, which we attribute to the quantum friction between the graphene carriers and the substrate optical phonons. We calculate also the frictional drag between two graphene sheets caused by van der Waals friction, and find that this drag can induce a voltage high enough to be easily measured experimentally."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1409.0145","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SKspFQT0PNZqU+DWJpZ6hNxeluwZeMCV/eXIeO6PYuRlGQRe+gMu73uCegm3xS7kscaZ14g6K/QctFLxywy/Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T22:13:13.120311Z"},"content_sha256":"5176908f007096b9ee54e0866f338b51dc3821cf86299434b2e71486d4125e20","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5176908f007096b9ee54e0866f338b51dc3821cf86299434b2e71486d4125e20"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NSMHGO64PA27DIR675OLCG4OIV/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NSMHGO64PA27DIR675OLCG4OIV/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NSMHGO64PA27DIR675OLCG4OIV/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T22:13:13Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NSMHGO64PA27DIR675OLCG4OIV","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NSMHGO64PA27DIR675OLCG4OIV/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NSMHGO64PA27DIR675OLCG4OIV/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NSMHGO64PA27DIR675OLCG4OIV/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:NSMHGO64PA27DIR675OLCG4OIV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d838cd7f37d977c12c3baba84f79fb2488f5ad4d28893b0a6cd98d78dda293a2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2014-08-30T18:47:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"f848e6b3e92e070f3fe9ae9ffb06781a01e3af09c3ca67bfe57e2719a59f6b83"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1409.0145","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1409.0145","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1409.0145v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1409.0145","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NSMHGO64PA27","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NSMHGO64PA27DIR6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NSMHGO64","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5176908f007096b9ee54e0866f338b51dc3821cf86299434b2e71486d4125e20","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the van der Waals friction between graphene and an amorphous SiO$_2$ substrate. We find that due to this friction the electric current is saturated at a high electric field, in agreement with experiment. The saturation current depends weakly on the temperature, which we attribute to the quantum friction between the graphene carriers and the substrate optical phonons. We calculate also the frictional drag between two graphene sheets caused by van der Waals friction, and find that this drag can induce a voltage high enough to be easily measured experimentally.","authors_text":"A.I. Volokitin, B.N.J. Persson","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2014-08-30T18:47:33Z","title":"Quantum friction"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1409.0145","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:cd6c83f99b5c761cce358bf2eb17b2a9a9accff2a818d9c63f6a2a837485407c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d838cd7f37d977c12c3baba84f79fb2488f5ad4d28893b0a6cd98d78dda293a2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2014-08-30T18:47:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"f848e6b3e92e070f3fe9ae9ffb06781a01e3af09c3ca67bfe57e2719a59f6b83"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1409.0145","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"6c98733bdc7835f1a23eff5cb11b8e456369519ba7ea19975dd212f9297e76ef","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6c98733bdc7835f1a23eff5cb11b8e456369519ba7ea19975dd212f9297e76ef","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:53.243210Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:53.243210Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"/pe0WVFhGs2dRubfzaMKRStZxQbS4UUvc47gJ1xHWTTACYhn1PmEwTCy7f4EkIkQL78S/jCYu24W743kcwnEAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:43:53.243574Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1409.0145","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:cd6c83f99b5c761cce358bf2eb17b2a9a9accff2a818d9c63f6a2a837485407c","sha256:5176908f007096b9ee54e0866f338b51dc3821cf86299434b2e71486d4125e20"],"state_sha256":"913d015e973ae966674cd2fb2a144073fb2aa021df001f8e9743cd370dd35a47"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fZewYfMBBtPoHcX/qak5D2K4INiYEjYG366k3dLAFRwlVuo68Bf5YPnpSe4U7WzxSYiqEHpUO6dSE87EpPoxAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T22:13:13.126277Z","bundle_sha256":"ddde363e04b9224fa09dd82f17c298755d5e9663e7c108311fcdaeb402984dd2"}}