{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:NTXRYVD43KVEEKB2LKZEOVL5EI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"818d752292566ad670b029211edec4410fbe048559061e1bd8f5cf5787b133e4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-07-07T20:00:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"46963ab4a86c8a02b5d88b5b5cf24abcb8eaaba661dee802e2e364234c7035b3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1607.02151","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1607.02151","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1607.02151v4","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1607.02151","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NTXRYVD43KVE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NTXRYVD43KVEEKB2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NTXRYVD4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:36Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:35fe65fbffab3d5e1dc165a73b1f2038d37bde3145ee4054ffd71f2500c8bde6","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present a novel implementation of supermassive black hole (SMBH) formation, dynamics, and accretion in the massively parallel tree+SPH code, ChaNGa. This approach improves the modeling of SMBHs in fully cosmological simulations, allowing for a more de- tailed analysis of SMBH-galaxy co-evolution throughout cosmic time. Our scheme includes novel, physically motivated models for SMBH formation, dynamics and sinking timescales within galaxies, and SMBH accretion of rotationally supported gas. The sub-grid parameters that regulate star formation (SF) and feedback from SMBHs and SNe are optimize","authors_text":"Andrew Pontzen, Fabio Governato, Jillian Bellovary, Lauren Anderson, Marta Volonteri, Michael Karcher, Michael Tremmel, Tom Quinn","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-07-07T20:00:58Z","title":"The Romulus Cosmological Simulations: A Physical Approach to the Formation, Dynamics and Accretion Models of SMBHs"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1607.02151","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b232a679fa2d76ac1482264548aeeb55e1e29af417ba1d5d0bfcf1102086661f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"818d752292566ad670b029211edec4410fbe048559061e1bd8f5cf5787b133e4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-07-07T20:00:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"46963ab4a86c8a02b5d88b5b5cf24abcb8eaaba661dee802e2e364234c7035b3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1607.02151","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"canonical_sha256":"6cef1c547cdaaa42283a5ab247557d222237ef91a2a7518143a1d4ba6a5a3cee","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6cef1c547cdaaa42283a5ab247557d222237ef91a2a7518143a1d4ba6a5a3cee","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:01.870747Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:01.870747Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"q6xWs7DTap6D0M1Iw5Kh0sIZRUk/Y1t6g0gYCty8dHMA1h+7HTGjRnYXNuWs15Q17hNLJmtIYRo3cWzfzTdhAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:41:01.871404Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1607.02151","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":4}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b232a679fa2d76ac1482264548aeeb55e1e29af417ba1d5d0bfcf1102086661f","sha256:35fe65fbffab3d5e1dc165a73b1f2038d37bde3145ee4054ffd71f2500c8bde6"],"state_sha256":"aeeceb4b05575d6021e130de6ed566b743237de070730d783b82c9ff8bf7b780"}