{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:NVAIBOZBBL5HP5S5VDQPE3I5O7","short_pith_number":"pith:NVAIBOZB","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2306.02298","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2023-06-04T08:28:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":["math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"6606cc8c7d8b4cb4e1e5f2e505f01c10f935e55c45e599c1f229d3ea73eee33e","abstract_canon_sha256":"7c798ec4e1f8369674b3acb69dd6f2421d54cc2e7fd76c93a30f35933538e357"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6d4080bb210afa77f65da8e0f26d1d77d3e75c5f39ea45b77346d43e0a239096","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2306.02298","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2306.02298","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2306.02298v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2306.02298","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NVAIBOZBBL5H","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NVAIBOZBBL5HP5S5","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NVAIBOZB","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:NVAIBOZBBL5HP5S5VDQPE3I5O7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2306.02298","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2023-06-04T08:28:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":["math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"6606cc8c7d8b4cb4e1e5f2e505f01c10f935e55c45e599c1f229d3ea73eee33e","abstract_canon_sha256":"7c798ec4e1f8369674b3acb69dd6f2421d54cc2e7fd76c93a30f35933538e357"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6d4080bb210afa77f65da8e0f26d1d77d3e75c5f39ea45b77346d43e0a239096","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15.441507Z","signature_b64":"n8GShEjxcbT7neoAETssnqxGXndNb/AI71pQ0HYJEW1wLOjFFNBq8gzlD1ngqz2GUiVnuaHajMz8saWRlC3bDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6d4080bb210afa77f65da8e0f26d1d77d3e75c5f39ea45b77346d43e0a239096","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15.441111Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15.441111Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2306.02298","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"iLyoGumhSCpE/hibCcL26OAReEO4d++e/dbcUOiOw7oLSHiehxVrNpuMuBInhAXxae7411fQwuugM563/nRTBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T13:32:39.828969Z"},"content_sha256":"14b16b5a2e930a1cb40b735abe5986246344536b54b29ad385a1c0e6dec9faaa","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:14b16b5a2e930a1cb40b735abe5986246344536b54b29ad385a1c0e6dec9faaa"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:NVAIBOZBBL5HP5S5VDQPE3I5O7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"NB-IoT Uplink Synchronization by Change Point Detection of Phase Series in NTNs","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["math.IT"],"primary_cat":"cs.IT","authors_text":"Dazhi He, Jiaqi Jiang, Runnan Liu, Xiaowu Ou, Yihang Huang, Yin Xu","submitted_at":"2023-06-04T08:28:57Z","abstract_excerpt":"Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) are widely recognized as a potential solution to achieve ubiquitous connections of Narrow Bandwidth Internet of Things (NB-IoT). In order to adopt NTNs in NB-IoT, one of the main challenges is the uplink synchronization of Narrowband Physical Random Access procedure which refers to the estimation of time of arrival (ToA) and carrier frequency offset (CFO). Due to the large propagation delay and Doppler shift in NTNs, traditional estimation methods for Terrestrial Networks (TNs) can not be applied in NTNs directly. In this context, we design a two stage ToA and C"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2306.02298","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2306.02298/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VDfZBppcC2QJgBHWppdqhXp5uy/DVYmveM/FFNQ9hKCfpakW7hqUfqQ/D82XR+jEZ9OXZ6HVztrqHBxDtRItAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T13:32:39.829291Z"},"content_sha256":"a5fd4b89431f75c5923573b2d4451b7befc5ade9975666484b1d3e2fec41d119","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a5fd4b89431f75c5923573b2d4451b7befc5ade9975666484b1d3e2fec41d119"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NVAIBOZBBL5HP5S5VDQPE3I5O7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NVAIBOZBBL5HP5S5VDQPE3I5O7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NVAIBOZBBL5HP5S5VDQPE3I5O7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-06T13:32:39Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NVAIBOZBBL5HP5S5VDQPE3I5O7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NVAIBOZBBL5HP5S5VDQPE3I5O7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NVAIBOZBBL5HP5S5VDQPE3I5O7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NVAIBOZBBL5HP5S5VDQPE3I5O7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:NVAIBOZBBL5HP5S5VDQPE3I5O7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7c798ec4e1f8369674b3acb69dd6f2421d54cc2e7fd76c93a30f35933538e357","cross_cats_sorted":["math.IT"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2023-06-04T08:28:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"6606cc8c7d8b4cb4e1e5f2e505f01c10f935e55c45e599c1f229d3ea73eee33e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2306.02298","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2306.02298","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2306.02298v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2306.02298","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NVAIBOZBBL5H","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NVAIBOZBBL5HP5S5","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NVAIBOZB","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a5fd4b89431f75c5923573b2d4451b7befc5ade9975666484b1d3e2fec41d119","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2306.02298/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) are widely recognized as a potential solution to achieve ubiquitous connections of Narrow Bandwidth Internet of Things (NB-IoT). In order to adopt NTNs in NB-IoT, one of the main challenges is the uplink synchronization of Narrowband Physical Random Access procedure which refers to the estimation of time of arrival (ToA) and carrier frequency offset (CFO). Due to the large propagation delay and Doppler shift in NTNs, traditional estimation methods for Terrestrial Networks (TNs) can not be applied in NTNs directly. In this context, we design a two stage ToA and C","authors_text":"Dazhi He, Jiaqi Jiang, Runnan Liu, Xiaowu Ou, Yihang Huang, Yin Xu","cross_cats":["math.IT"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2023-06-04T08:28:57Z","title":"NB-IoT Uplink Synchronization by Change Point Detection of Phase Series in NTNs"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2306.02298","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:14b16b5a2e930a1cb40b735abe5986246344536b54b29ad385a1c0e6dec9faaa","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7c798ec4e1f8369674b3acb69dd6f2421d54cc2e7fd76c93a30f35933538e357","cross_cats_sorted":["math.IT"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2023-06-04T08:28:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"6606cc8c7d8b4cb4e1e5f2e505f01c10f935e55c45e599c1f229d3ea73eee33e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2306.02298","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"6d4080bb210afa77f65da8e0f26d1d77d3e75c5f39ea45b77346d43e0a239096","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6d4080bb210afa77f65da8e0f26d1d77d3e75c5f39ea45b77346d43e0a239096","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15.441111Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15.441111Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"n8GShEjxcbT7neoAETssnqxGXndNb/AI71pQ0HYJEW1wLOjFFNBq8gzlD1ngqz2GUiVnuaHajMz8saWRlC3bDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:17:15.441507Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2306.02298","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:14b16b5a2e930a1cb40b735abe5986246344536b54b29ad385a1c0e6dec9faaa","sha256:a5fd4b89431f75c5923573b2d4451b7befc5ade9975666484b1d3e2fec41d119"],"state_sha256":"33355c78dcc50d937d0b76f73a91e7416a4abc4285b13b1a1189ea402dc02da4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LzuUTnTLjleHtuNO219+GhEG81srOa1O1dq5uRJrsJpxiI4GIGA226Wr9WPXbQLKyeA32YC45CHJxmDEa52cAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T13:32:39.833132Z","bundle_sha256":"cfc088381dfdb104f84a28af316699bf7da79b6dce7596d60420ab28dcda4c3e"}}