{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:NWF3VSHQ6CNGL6VGOEMIMDYN23","short_pith_number":"pith:NWF3VSHQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1008.3450","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2010-08-20T07:43:24Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1eff3a7928ddae56965e1d9319d0bcdb0773654f722452e57d384373d70b97c6","abstract_canon_sha256":"3eefd8d71182d18fcc041e2955dfb75e37a4160cb1eabe41ffc2a517ff732b0c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6d8bbac8f0f09a65faa67118860f0dd6cdd6401ddcb1030ddf09ce73561e9812","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1008.3450","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1008.3450","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1008.3450v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1008.3450","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NWF3VSHQ6CNG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NWF3VSHQ6CNGL6VG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NWF3VSHQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:10Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:NWF3VSHQ6CNGL6VGOEMIMDYN23","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1008.3450","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2010-08-20T07:43:24Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1eff3a7928ddae56965e1d9319d0bcdb0773654f722452e57d384373d70b97c6","abstract_canon_sha256":"3eefd8d71182d18fcc041e2955dfb75e37a4160cb1eabe41ffc2a517ff732b0c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6d8bbac8f0f09a65faa67118860f0dd6cdd6401ddcb1030ddf09ce73561e9812","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:40:14.663227Z","signature_b64":"Dghxjgh/Sn2nDMtI2+R4q4mTbntsRTT3MSGR+vdZgk0FzI5y7lRfmn1tSR+LghCuZ7/s8vunvifCSGIBPNhaAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6d8bbac8f0f09a65faa67118860f0dd6cdd6401ddcb1030ddf09ce73561e9812","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:40:14.662549Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:40:14.662549Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1008.3450","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:40:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"utFtpw2CUTKoo5vJcje9UUIuDn15Yg4JnC+hUhIDoXB6PQ/B+lkpZWnRkr7NIPqoeoHoDNIeD41Ay0w+saCWBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T22:49:13.442353Z"},"content_sha256":"447f28aa5cfb6867dd6620b2d567d0027e9b2c10ffe0cc948ce930431e7a5883","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:447f28aa5cfb6867dd6620b2d567d0027e9b2c10ffe0cc948ce930431e7a5883"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:NWF3VSHQ6CNGL6VGOEMIMDYN23","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Bottleneck of using single memristor as a synapse and its solution","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.NE","authors_text":"Farnood Merrikh-Bayat, Iman Esmaili Paeen Afrakoti, Saeed Bagheri Shouraki","submitted_at":"2010-08-20T07:43:24Z","abstract_excerpt":"It is now widely accepted that memristive devices are perfect candidates for the emulation of biological synapses in neuromorphic systems. This is mainly because of the fact that like the strength of synapse, memristance of the memristive device can be tuned actively (e.g., by the application of volt- age or current). In addition, it is also possible to fabricate very high density of memristive devices (comparable to the number of synapses in real biological system) through the nano-crossbar structures. However, in this paper we will show that there are some problems associated with memristive"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1008.3450","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:40:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6BVNUmwLzPGMUhG1Xn9p1j8rdS82siosWEzqvaCjSFEJa8ZVQzeKFIbsFzPKIJt+0lN2HasBzWVLomzLH2M7AQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T22:49:13.443093Z"},"content_sha256":"785326d6ccf0791f47a91c2fe12a2915c40a7fe29ce4c0c2937e0a8ed1af08b4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:785326d6ccf0791f47a91c2fe12a2915c40a7fe29ce4c0c2937e0a8ed1af08b4"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NWF3VSHQ6CNGL6VGOEMIMDYN23/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NWF3VSHQ6CNGL6VGOEMIMDYN23/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NWF3VSHQ6CNGL6VGOEMIMDYN23/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T22:49:13Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NWF3VSHQ6CNGL6VGOEMIMDYN23","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NWF3VSHQ6CNGL6VGOEMIMDYN23/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NWF3VSHQ6CNGL6VGOEMIMDYN23/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NWF3VSHQ6CNGL6VGOEMIMDYN23/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:NWF3VSHQ6CNGL6VGOEMIMDYN23","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3eefd8d71182d18fcc041e2955dfb75e37a4160cb1eabe41ffc2a517ff732b0c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2010-08-20T07:43:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"1eff3a7928ddae56965e1d9319d0bcdb0773654f722452e57d384373d70b97c6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1008.3450","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1008.3450","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1008.3450v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1008.3450","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:40:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NWF3VSHQ6CNG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NWF3VSHQ6CNGL6VG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NWF3VSHQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:10Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:785326d6ccf0791f47a91c2fe12a2915c40a7fe29ce4c0c2937e0a8ed1af08b4","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:40:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"It is now widely accepted that memristive devices are perfect candidates for the emulation of biological synapses in neuromorphic systems. This is mainly because of the fact that like the strength of synapse, memristance of the memristive device can be tuned actively (e.g., by the application of volt- age or current). In addition, it is also possible to fabricate very high density of memristive devices (comparable to the number of synapses in real biological system) through the nano-crossbar structures. However, in this paper we will show that there are some problems associated with memristive","authors_text":"Farnood Merrikh-Bayat, Iman Esmaili Paeen Afrakoti, Saeed Bagheri Shouraki","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2010-08-20T07:43:24Z","title":"Bottleneck of using single memristor as a synapse and its solution"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1008.3450","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:447f28aa5cfb6867dd6620b2d567d0027e9b2c10ffe0cc948ce930431e7a5883","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:40:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3eefd8d71182d18fcc041e2955dfb75e37a4160cb1eabe41ffc2a517ff732b0c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2010-08-20T07:43:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"1eff3a7928ddae56965e1d9319d0bcdb0773654f722452e57d384373d70b97c6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1008.3450","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"6d8bbac8f0f09a65faa67118860f0dd6cdd6401ddcb1030ddf09ce73561e9812","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6d8bbac8f0f09a65faa67118860f0dd6cdd6401ddcb1030ddf09ce73561e9812","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:40:14.662549Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:40:14.662549Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Dghxjgh/Sn2nDMtI2+R4q4mTbntsRTT3MSGR+vdZgk0FzI5y7lRfmn1tSR+LghCuZ7/s8vunvifCSGIBPNhaAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:40:14.663227Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1008.3450","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:447f28aa5cfb6867dd6620b2d567d0027e9b2c10ffe0cc948ce930431e7a5883","sha256:785326d6ccf0791f47a91c2fe12a2915c40a7fe29ce4c0c2937e0a8ed1af08b4"],"state_sha256":"7f854c36281f37801df290f8ed100ff045bd089e4414f8ebee28aefb802c376d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4sH84UYfbQTG7ASHEU2xKsFYQ6Dh36iWr8z5USTAY/xA1j/JcO2rmcRONAiiJGZdKPdrp7TFO2Vg8VsEnd1QDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T22:49:13.446402Z","bundle_sha256":"6b5d2b96a1e9c10ceced0ed612c815e5b9dc8104b738e414b61bd7a2adaa760e"}}