{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:NXLYZZ6YZ24ZZLPPH45M4R5KBG","short_pith_number":"pith:NXLYZZ6Y","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1910.09799","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2019-10-22T07:20:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.AS"],"title_canon_sha256":"db972e696962f8c91046e12f2e626960b029e434755c84ec5932050c63400e19","abstract_canon_sha256":"d4b77bb138f667f8b15b582ab447d914617419b4661c530c73df5fa4d3fee95b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6dd78ce7d8ceb99cadef3f3ace47aa098a17e1355d52663770ba34119ddada55","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1910.09799","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1910.09799","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1910.09799v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1910.09799","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NXLYZZ6YZ24Z","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NXLYZZ6YZ24ZZLPP","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NXLYZZ6Y","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:NXLYZZ6YZ24ZZLPPH45M4R5KBG","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1910.09799","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2019-10-22T07:20:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.AS"],"title_canon_sha256":"db972e696962f8c91046e12f2e626960b029e434755c84ec5932050c63400e19","abstract_canon_sha256":"d4b77bb138f667f8b15b582ab447d914617419b4661c530c73df5fa4d3fee95b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6dd78ce7d8ceb99cadef3f3ace47aa098a17e1355d52663770ba34119ddada55","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22.984774Z","signature_b64":"b7eUJ0rQi/nqRsZzpcZepOopCsOQGf3/2RiBRCkVyLo+vKN9aDy0XpGxLivWVWWrSj4K4IQpemHqZHFTEfOTDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6dd78ce7d8ceb99cadef3f3ace47aa098a17e1355d52663770ba34119ddada55","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22.984435Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22.984435Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1910.09799","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"thjxlRDy2OHMcmj/yiq1jNp21e2COb2rSIIgjm4BAr+eal0BKnvSRuQGHTvuSYcE7a3IN/3RQXTxF93yL4QNAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T14:10:13.509039Z"},"content_sha256":"555694389a16f132c7fc6dcb82b1d68c72616aa43baf786e121b2ffec62a7774","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:555694389a16f132c7fc6dcb82b1d68c72616aa43baf786e121b2ffec62a7774"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:NXLYZZ6YZ24ZZLPPH45M4R5KBG","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Transformer-based Acoustic Modeling for Hybrid Speech Recognition","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["eess.AS"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Abdelrahman Mohamed, Alex Xiao, Andros Tjandra, Christian Fuegen, Chunxi Liu, Duc Le, Frank Zhang, Geoffrey Zweig, Hongzhao Huang, Jay Mahadeokar, Michael L. Seltzer, Xiaohui Zhang, Yongqiang Wang","submitted_at":"2019-10-22T07:20:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"We propose and evaluate transformer-based acoustic models (AMs) for hybrid speech recognition. Several modeling choices are discussed in this work, including various positional embedding methods and an iterated loss to enable training deep transformers. We also present a preliminary study of using limited right context in transformer models, which makes it possible for streaming applications. We demonstrate that on the widely used Librispeech benchmark, our transformer-based AM outperforms the best published hybrid result by 19% to 26% relative when the standard n-gram language model (LM) is u"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1910.09799","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1910.09799/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"sX9zJ0ulurKhxtAHIX52Lhdgoi+2vsUNe0sAD+NPqUmdGiAuD+X9jcxbpj0XqqccBM7RzdUPg2/gbe2atzpkDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T14:10:13.511360Z"},"content_sha256":"6e30e2ee02251ef70a50b7149e6a95e374ecf52cdbeeaf49d5f6ad5d946794ff","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6e30e2ee02251ef70a50b7149e6a95e374ecf52cdbeeaf49d5f6ad5d946794ff"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NXLYZZ6YZ24ZZLPPH45M4R5KBG/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NXLYZZ6YZ24ZZLPPH45M4R5KBG/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NXLYZZ6YZ24ZZLPPH45M4R5KBG/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-21T14:10:13Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NXLYZZ6YZ24ZZLPPH45M4R5KBG","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NXLYZZ6YZ24ZZLPPH45M4R5KBG/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NXLYZZ6YZ24ZZLPPH45M4R5KBG/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NXLYZZ6YZ24ZZLPPH45M4R5KBG/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:NXLYZZ6YZ24ZZLPPH45M4R5KBG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d4b77bb138f667f8b15b582ab447d914617419b4661c530c73df5fa4d3fee95b","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.AS"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2019-10-22T07:20:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"db972e696962f8c91046e12f2e626960b029e434755c84ec5932050c63400e19"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1910.09799","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1910.09799","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1910.09799v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1910.09799","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NXLYZZ6YZ24Z","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NXLYZZ6YZ24ZZLPP","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NXLYZZ6Y","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6e30e2ee02251ef70a50b7149e6a95e374ecf52cdbeeaf49d5f6ad5d946794ff","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1910.09799/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We propose and evaluate transformer-based acoustic models (AMs) for hybrid speech recognition. Several modeling choices are discussed in this work, including various positional embedding methods and an iterated loss to enable training deep transformers. We also present a preliminary study of using limited right context in transformer models, which makes it possible for streaming applications. We demonstrate that on the widely used Librispeech benchmark, our transformer-based AM outperforms the best published hybrid result by 19% to 26% relative when the standard n-gram language model (LM) is u","authors_text":"Abdelrahman Mohamed, Alex Xiao, Andros Tjandra, Christian Fuegen, Chunxi Liu, Duc Le, Frank Zhang, Geoffrey Zweig, Hongzhao Huang, Jay Mahadeokar, Michael L. Seltzer, Xiaohui Zhang, Yongqiang Wang","cross_cats":["eess.AS"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2019-10-22T07:20:02Z","title":"Transformer-based Acoustic Modeling for Hybrid Speech Recognition"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1910.09799","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:555694389a16f132c7fc6dcb82b1d68c72616aa43baf786e121b2ffec62a7774","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d4b77bb138f667f8b15b582ab447d914617419b4661c530c73df5fa4d3fee95b","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.AS"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2019-10-22T07:20:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"db972e696962f8c91046e12f2e626960b029e434755c84ec5932050c63400e19"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1910.09799","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"6dd78ce7d8ceb99cadef3f3ace47aa098a17e1355d52663770ba34119ddada55","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6dd78ce7d8ceb99cadef3f3ace47aa098a17e1355d52663770ba34119ddada55","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22.984435Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22.984435Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"b7eUJ0rQi/nqRsZzpcZepOopCsOQGf3/2RiBRCkVyLo+vKN9aDy0XpGxLivWVWWrSj4K4IQpemHqZHFTEfOTDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:59:22.984774Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1910.09799","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:555694389a16f132c7fc6dcb82b1d68c72616aa43baf786e121b2ffec62a7774","sha256:6e30e2ee02251ef70a50b7149e6a95e374ecf52cdbeeaf49d5f6ad5d946794ff"],"state_sha256":"90665084b4af157cf572cefc5b465c3fb56e54de3f9e68e12ea3f149f695bb4b"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KMYl2G+mfHzbU0jRYxIjUX73n0d9ptZXm3IQRK76gdD+wSbHF4RDFh4vIqEdCFRINNTxsIHSif4PEkn2iBgpCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T14:10:13.516041Z","bundle_sha256":"8df8bf40df14d4d950c1c4f7b0db7711ca107dc08dd542c47ef7bcfe059c2bb6"}}