{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:NXU7O4SM2IBAV6WPI52274EWTR","short_pith_number":"pith:NXU7O4SM","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1401.5526","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2014-01-22T00:31:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":["math-ph","math.MP","math.PR","nlin.SI"],"title_canon_sha256":"8cbd46ef1ca832c87637383cb7c2229ac03a4ca6d3010d488a5a9abfb92f7571","abstract_canon_sha256":"b036be9e45b81d3a2526ad9da2333aaf29c1e08f566b54317d6c9bf8a6e0f571"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6de9f7724cd2020afacf4775aff0969c479154925cfd03ad43eabc46a7c39acd","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1401.5526","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1401.5526","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:01:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1401.5526v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:01:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1401.5526","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:01:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NXU7O4SM2IBA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NXU7O4SM2IBAV6WP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NXU7O4SM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:NXU7O4SM2IBAV6WPI52274EWTR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1401.5526","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2014-01-22T00:31:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":["math-ph","math.MP","math.PR","nlin.SI"],"title_canon_sha256":"8cbd46ef1ca832c87637383cb7c2229ac03a4ca6d3010d488a5a9abfb92f7571","abstract_canon_sha256":"b036be9e45b81d3a2526ad9da2333aaf29c1e08f566b54317d6c9bf8a6e0f571"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6de9f7724cd2020afacf4775aff0969c479154925cfd03ad43eabc46a7c39acd","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:01:26.059831Z","signature_b64":"Ouf4EmY/XhtVyyM+cvLhIw6WuYyELiW9L50fOaC4Gd4dZpiNc8T8xHntbusmTrYFwp0FqSTcL2Ae5XnMN6zzAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6de9f7724cd2020afacf4775aff0969c479154925cfd03ad43eabc46a7c39acd","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:01:26.059058Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:01:26.059058Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1401.5526","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:01:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SshUkWLKMh19pGH3yiIXSEDCOOiLy+KmfQgbxJaUsYDDM8uYmACzIFxc9B6w/8X/PZDKMn/UnJtQMTd46ifUBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T06:19:48.213038Z"},"content_sha256":"7de16086287eae3352dc412dcd4cddc6771ad2800dd5cfb6ef1e7f1659116256","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7de16086287eae3352dc412dcd4cddc6771ad2800dd5cfb6ef1e7f1659116256"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:NXU7O4SM2IBAV6WPI52274EWTR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Emergence of a sustained current by coupling equilibrating systems: Making a NESS out of equilibrium","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["math-ph","math.MP","math.PR","nlin.SI"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","authors_text":"David P. Sanders, Hern\\'an Larralde","submitted_at":"2014-01-22T00:31:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"We show that coupling together two closed thermodynamic systems that independently attain equilibrium may give rise to a nonequilibrium stationary state (NESS) with a persistent, non-vanishing current. We study a simple example that is exactly soluble, consisting of random walkers with different biases towards a reflecting boundary, modelling, for example, Brownian particles with different charge states in an electric field. We obtain exact analytical expressions for the (generating functions of) concentrations and currents in the NESS for this model, and exhibit the main features by numerical"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1401.5526","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:01:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QO6MZserXgusYOZ3oKaGUmi7Zq4BLqajzcjFv9EMuVQNBNlAwWyfSF9ElAYCt8+LxvJju2SdY7CC+19P3eOfAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T06:19:48.213404Z"},"content_sha256":"926b3deee5b8ad9bcd201d9432e41c384225a9b33508443a9bfc97eeedf70dc0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:926b3deee5b8ad9bcd201d9432e41c384225a9b33508443a9bfc97eeedf70dc0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NXU7O4SM2IBAV6WPI52274EWTR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NXU7O4SM2IBAV6WPI52274EWTR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NXU7O4SM2IBAV6WPI52274EWTR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-04T06:19:48Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NXU7O4SM2IBAV6WPI52274EWTR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NXU7O4SM2IBAV6WPI52274EWTR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NXU7O4SM2IBAV6WPI52274EWTR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NXU7O4SM2IBAV6WPI52274EWTR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:NXU7O4SM2IBAV6WPI52274EWTR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b036be9e45b81d3a2526ad9da2333aaf29c1e08f566b54317d6c9bf8a6e0f571","cross_cats_sorted":["math-ph","math.MP","math.PR","nlin.SI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2014-01-22T00:31:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"8cbd46ef1ca832c87637383cb7c2229ac03a4ca6d3010d488a5a9abfb92f7571"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1401.5526","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1401.5526","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:01:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1401.5526v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:01:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1401.5526","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:01:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NXU7O4SM2IBA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NXU7O4SM2IBAV6WP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NXU7O4SM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:926b3deee5b8ad9bcd201d9432e41c384225a9b33508443a9bfc97eeedf70dc0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:01:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We show that coupling together two closed thermodynamic systems that independently attain equilibrium may give rise to a nonequilibrium stationary state (NESS) with a persistent, non-vanishing current. We study a simple example that is exactly soluble, consisting of random walkers with different biases towards a reflecting boundary, modelling, for example, Brownian particles with different charge states in an electric field. We obtain exact analytical expressions for the (generating functions of) concentrations and currents in the NESS for this model, and exhibit the main features by numerical","authors_text":"David P. Sanders, Hern\\'an Larralde","cross_cats":["math-ph","math.MP","math.PR","nlin.SI"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2014-01-22T00:31:23Z","title":"Emergence of a sustained current by coupling equilibrating systems: Making a NESS out of equilibrium"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1401.5526","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7de16086287eae3352dc412dcd4cddc6771ad2800dd5cfb6ef1e7f1659116256","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:01:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b036be9e45b81d3a2526ad9da2333aaf29c1e08f566b54317d6c9bf8a6e0f571","cross_cats_sorted":["math-ph","math.MP","math.PR","nlin.SI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2014-01-22T00:31:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"8cbd46ef1ca832c87637383cb7c2229ac03a4ca6d3010d488a5a9abfb92f7571"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1401.5526","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"6de9f7724cd2020afacf4775aff0969c479154925cfd03ad43eabc46a7c39acd","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6de9f7724cd2020afacf4775aff0969c479154925cfd03ad43eabc46a7c39acd","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:01:26.059058Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:01:26.059058Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Ouf4EmY/XhtVyyM+cvLhIw6WuYyELiW9L50fOaC4Gd4dZpiNc8T8xHntbusmTrYFwp0FqSTcL2Ae5XnMN6zzAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:01:26.059831Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1401.5526","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7de16086287eae3352dc412dcd4cddc6771ad2800dd5cfb6ef1e7f1659116256","sha256:926b3deee5b8ad9bcd201d9432e41c384225a9b33508443a9bfc97eeedf70dc0"],"state_sha256":"1fd060beb2c19f37506ba77318dafbc7fb8aa9debe69d8993582ae7e353c3588"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5BGkU1T1uk9zVrO3NdZfqJP9jwKR6FCuRQgCgzAzwUFw0QtWg445J86XWXbSv/yega6QNQN1iG8mfuoKdJkLBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T06:19:48.215416Z","bundle_sha256":"827ef758968160f1a6a51a0bbf84917727d279f547e4ee4fb64243e66435171c"}}