{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2014:NZNDSKMS4FYHWN2ENZY3EVBCX5","short_pith_number":"pith:NZNDSKMS","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"6e5a392992e1707b37446e71b25422bf62a34ffacf29e5954492ed0e75011857","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1404.4069","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Bending and Breathing Modes of the Galactic Disk","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Edward Cheng, Jarrett Barber, Lawrence M. Widrow, Matthew H. Chequers","submitted_at":"2014-04-15T20:32:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"We explore the hypothesis that a passing satellite or dark matter subhalo has excited coherent oscillations of the Milky Way's stellar disk in the direction perpendicular to the Galactic midplane. This work is motivated by recent observations of spatially dependent bulk vertical motions within ~ kpc of the Sun. A satellite can transfer a fraction of its orbital energy to the disk stars as it plunges through the Galactic midplane thereby heating and thickening the disk. Bulk motions arise during the early stages of such an event when the disk is still in an unrelaxed state. We present simple to"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1404.4069","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-04-15T20:32:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"34402781c2d4b8e1dbe71051849023d12701ee9f59a72ddfc80f1a4eb9ef6e9a","abstract_canon_sha256":"22a6325eb6dab0038904ea362282bd121df7734520dd9a85f424ac2bab5a9ccf"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:29.650169Z","signature_b64":"EddFBx//vSASUP/fnG98LtsMmBmoIp4mEoSSABJQ98aUu+bkb07NY9WQdFuVZu1GdACbVX9Yht7iNRxm06WJCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6e5a392992e1707b37446e71b25422bf62a34ffacf29e5954492ed0e75011857","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:29.649338Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:29.649338Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Bending and Breathing Modes of the Galactic Disk","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Edward Cheng, Jarrett Barber, Lawrence M. Widrow, Matthew H. Chequers","submitted_at":"2014-04-15T20:32:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"We explore the hypothesis that a passing satellite or dark matter subhalo has excited coherent oscillations of the Milky Way's stellar disk in the direction perpendicular to the Galactic midplane. This work is motivated by recent observations of spatially dependent bulk vertical motions within ~ kpc of the Sun. A satellite can transfer a fraction of its orbital energy to the disk stars as it plunges through the Galactic midplane thereby heating and thickening the disk. Bulk motions arise during the early stages of such an event when the disk is still in an unrelaxed state. We present simple to"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1404.4069","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1404.4069","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:29.649474+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1404.4069v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:29.649474+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1404.4069","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:29.649474+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NZNDSKMS4FYH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41.024544+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NZNDSKMS4FYHWN2E","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41.024544+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NZNDSKMS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41.024544+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/NZNDSKMS4FYHWN2ENZY3EVBCX5","json":"https://pith.science/pith/NZNDSKMS4FYHWN2ENZY3EVBCX5.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/NZNDSKMS4FYHWN2ENZY3EVBCX5/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/NZNDSKMS4FYHWN2ENZY3EVBCX5/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/NZNDSKMS"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/NZNDSKMS4FYHWN2ENZY3EVBCX5","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/NZNDSKMS4FYHWN2ENZY3EVBCX5.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/NZNDSKMS","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1404.4069&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/NZNDSKMS4FYHWN2ENZY3EVBCX5/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/NZNDSKMS4FYHWN2ENZY3EVBCX5/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/NZNDSKMS4FYHWN2ENZY3EVBCX5/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/NZNDSKMS4FYHWN2ENZY3EVBCX5/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/NZNDSKMS4FYHWN2ENZY3EVBCX5/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/NZNDSKMS4FYHWN2ENZY3EVBCX5/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/NZNDSKMS4FYHWN2ENZY3EVBCX5/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:29.649474+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:29.649474+00:00"}