{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:O24AZWBB3V73ORCKC7D64ZKHDT","short_pith_number":"pith:O24AZWBB","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1502.01608","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2015-02-05T15:31:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5a3d2125d51a1ca3a56964bbe2554bebc25dee12d5027ec27cda6c1516bc9baf","abstract_canon_sha256":"405c79f0714a4ddd7ed12ea6f4a15fe326239cb0abbf49bf8be5fbb6f2cd696f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"76b80cd821dd7fb7444a17c7ee65471cc12e071a48840df447db7723bb0f4ab5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1502.01608","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1502.01608","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1502.01608v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1502.01608","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"O24AZWBB3V73","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"O24AZWBB3V73ORCK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"O24AZWBB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:O24AZWBB3V73ORCKC7D64ZKHDT","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1502.01608","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2015-02-05T15:31:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5a3d2125d51a1ca3a56964bbe2554bebc25dee12d5027ec27cda6c1516bc9baf","abstract_canon_sha256":"405c79f0714a4ddd7ed12ea6f4a15fe326239cb0abbf49bf8be5fbb6f2cd696f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"76b80cd821dd7fb7444a17c7ee65471cc12e071a48840df447db7723bb0f4ab5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:50.804478Z","signature_b64":"uqLjg/3j0J7qSDCE7vFZMNSxEUKMVGpQ7H8UVSTMc9csyVd3eMOC+AOG1PeJ9YJdx3wVsPPpVvVJ8tizJjoBBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"76b80cd821dd7fb7444a17c7ee65471cc12e071a48840df447db7723bb0f4ab5","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:50.803766Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:50.803766Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1502.01608","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pqT2PKE85+zF5CsCvKC5qlnWdY7WUSkX6JpeNTCAZy0hteQYzELrrymO4mjkxz6PVJXTqg2g0ZLcL0/XseU1BQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T06:23:15.752759Z"},"content_sha256":"3f822c4b8998c32497f4dde5af4c3f1f6a245cc3245c0bf3bd2b1c7acd319bd4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3f822c4b8998c32497f4dde5af4c3f1f6a245cc3245c0bf3bd2b1c7acd319bd4"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:O24AZWBB3V73ORCKC7D64ZKHDT","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Escape model for Galactic cosmic rays and an early extragalactic transition","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"D.V. Semikoz, G. Giacinti, M. Kachelriess","submitted_at":"2015-02-05T15:31:45Z","abstract_excerpt":"We show that the cosmic ray (CR) knee can be entirely explained by energy-dependent CR leakage from the Milky Way, with an excellent fit to all existing data. We test this hypothesis calculating the trajectories of individual CRs in the Galactic magnetic field. We find that the CR escape time $\\tau_{\\rm esc}(E)$ exhibits a knee-like structure around $E/Z={\\rm few}\\times 10^{15}$ eV for small coherence lengths and strengths of the turbulent magnetic field. The resulting intensities for different groups of nuclei are consistent with the ones determined by KASCADE and KASCADE-Grande, using simple"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1502.01608","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kCA03N+RJm1of2/hh3O9yhI8eqV3Ob6KGEGVsSjZF/M7Xy/UGsyo9iRaQ5wpLLSusdf7N3ZxR+fDdO5bKsAFBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T06:23:15.753130Z"},"content_sha256":"0b06ac3b0c3a29d59eb5458323655223b79d876cb272c92a360809ae8a148d77","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0b06ac3b0c3a29d59eb5458323655223b79d876cb272c92a360809ae8a148d77"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/O24AZWBB3V73ORCKC7D64ZKHDT/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/O24AZWBB3V73ORCKC7D64ZKHDT/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/O24AZWBB3V73ORCKC7D64ZKHDT/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T06:23:15Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/O24AZWBB3V73ORCKC7D64ZKHDT","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/O24AZWBB3V73ORCKC7D64ZKHDT/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/O24AZWBB3V73ORCKC7D64ZKHDT/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/O24AZWBB3V73ORCKC7D64ZKHDT/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:O24AZWBB3V73ORCKC7D64ZKHDT","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"405c79f0714a4ddd7ed12ea6f4a15fe326239cb0abbf49bf8be5fbb6f2cd696f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2015-02-05T15:31:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"5a3d2125d51a1ca3a56964bbe2554bebc25dee12d5027ec27cda6c1516bc9baf"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1502.01608","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1502.01608","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1502.01608v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1502.01608","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"O24AZWBB3V73","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"O24AZWBB3V73ORCK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"O24AZWBB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0b06ac3b0c3a29d59eb5458323655223b79d876cb272c92a360809ae8a148d77","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We show that the cosmic ray (CR) knee can be entirely explained by energy-dependent CR leakage from the Milky Way, with an excellent fit to all existing data. We test this hypothesis calculating the trajectories of individual CRs in the Galactic magnetic field. We find that the CR escape time $\\tau_{\\rm esc}(E)$ exhibits a knee-like structure around $E/Z={\\rm few}\\times 10^{15}$ eV for small coherence lengths and strengths of the turbulent magnetic field. The resulting intensities for different groups of nuclei are consistent with the ones determined by KASCADE and KASCADE-Grande, using simple","authors_text":"D.V. Semikoz, G. Giacinti, M. Kachelriess","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2015-02-05T15:31:45Z","title":"Escape model for Galactic cosmic rays and an early extragalactic transition"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1502.01608","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3f822c4b8998c32497f4dde5af4c3f1f6a245cc3245c0bf3bd2b1c7acd319bd4","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"405c79f0714a4ddd7ed12ea6f4a15fe326239cb0abbf49bf8be5fbb6f2cd696f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2015-02-05T15:31:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"5a3d2125d51a1ca3a56964bbe2554bebc25dee12d5027ec27cda6c1516bc9baf"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1502.01608","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"76b80cd821dd7fb7444a17c7ee65471cc12e071a48840df447db7723bb0f4ab5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"76b80cd821dd7fb7444a17c7ee65471cc12e071a48840df447db7723bb0f4ab5","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:50.803766Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:50.803766Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"uqLjg/3j0J7qSDCE7vFZMNSxEUKMVGpQ7H8UVSTMc9csyVd3eMOC+AOG1PeJ9YJdx3wVsPPpVvVJ8tizJjoBBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:50.804478Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1502.01608","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3f822c4b8998c32497f4dde5af4c3f1f6a245cc3245c0bf3bd2b1c7acd319bd4","sha256:0b06ac3b0c3a29d59eb5458323655223b79d876cb272c92a360809ae8a148d77"],"state_sha256":"57cce2c77b628cc2ab0c918c304505138637b77cfe6ee7ea9cbc0b267553c154"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XUvzpQWxuzT4m+ek+5hf0pbKSwOQdvppYcetfK0GCluMjrokHwfqfLZx4zfFlBSZ1A0WDOdFp4S17fUtP697Cw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T06:23:15.756188Z","bundle_sha256":"73bdc08dfff5316c6e6dd00eda603b73c64d5ad15cbb20e1dfac7afb58d41dfa"}}