{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:O5FPNR2F7GQ7YPJ5C2NTNUGXO4","short_pith_number":"pith:O5FPNR2F","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2407.02642","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2024-07-02T20:15:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ead9a8bea9476db1a0af7d70f2bb1fa55a16e31205ecbf21b0589b464c9e7171","abstract_canon_sha256":"351e66266a8e66f531b3cf663cefaaede520d349fcc3ef0b930e5da4dc8495ac"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"774af6c745f9a1fc3d3d169b36d0d7771568d839cb365ea7d1dc20acd8d72355","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2407.02642","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2407.02642","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2407.02642v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2407.02642","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"O5FPNR2F7GQ7","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"O5FPNR2F7GQ7YPJ5","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"O5FPNR2F","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:O5FPNR2F7GQ7YPJ5C2NTNUGXO4","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2407.02642","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2024-07-02T20:15:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ead9a8bea9476db1a0af7d70f2bb1fa55a16e31205ecbf21b0589b464c9e7171","abstract_canon_sha256":"351e66266a8e66f531b3cf663cefaaede520d349fcc3ef0b930e5da4dc8495ac"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"774af6c745f9a1fc3d3d169b36d0d7771568d839cb365ea7d1dc20acd8d72355","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08.293955Z","signature_b64":"bLbUgqdzypmVHfGgKqDk/2o6jA2dJtd5wyDYHTfijHKBgIBrcCwyM3EVAX20komtN9G9UTzrJzaztgfY81wZBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"774af6c745f9a1fc3d3d169b36d0d7771568d839cb365ea7d1dc20acd8d72355","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08.293443Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08.293443Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2407.02642","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TiurSny9V7TjPO//Z800udGOIxl5ZrsGuJl4C87Pfg//MwsM6O5CxAMxWh18QOMHP2ZrlksVjqsrcubo52n9Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T14:13:03.205321Z"},"content_sha256":"0ca7a834aa76a4ce0be8a60bfb7481f6f204be8fdbdc0602840ad9a4b4cb23b7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0ca7a834aa76a4ce0be8a60bfb7481f6f204be8fdbdc0602840ad9a4b4cb23b7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:O5FPNR2F7GQ7YPJ5C2NTNUGXO4","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Your Clean Graphene is Still Not Clean","license":"http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"Aisha Okmi, Andrew R. Lupini, Kai Xiao, Ondrej Dyck, Sidong Lei, Stephen Jesse","submitted_at":"2024-07-02T20:15:14Z","abstract_excerpt":"Efforts aimed at scaling fabrication processes to the level of single atoms, dubbed atom-by-atom fabrication or atomic fabrication, invariably encounter the obstacle of atomic scale cleanliness. When considering atomic fabrication, cleanliness of the base material and purity of the source reservoir from which atomic structures will be built are invariable constraints imposed by laws of physics and chemistry. As obvious as such statements may be, and regardless of the inevitable consequences for successful atomic fabrication, there is a poignant lack of understanding of the \"dirt\" (contaminatio"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2407.02642","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2407.02642/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"p5HcoTp4na5/YL4Xabwodg0Ll7ctwYUtaMbSigUY5ZjZW0ghFvpI/tw8RSjatNOmNwRx9khD43mEK5CUj3zwAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T14:13:03.206226Z"},"content_sha256":"7369e91dd1a0bcdd09cb34eb970a3c00bd70473a3a2a3dd1a4e1328000f4d057","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7369e91dd1a0bcdd09cb34eb970a3c00bd70473a3a2a3dd1a4e1328000f4d057"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/O5FPNR2F7GQ7YPJ5C2NTNUGXO4/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/O5FPNR2F7GQ7YPJ5C2NTNUGXO4/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/O5FPNR2F7GQ7YPJ5C2NTNUGXO4/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-06T14:13:03Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/O5FPNR2F7GQ7YPJ5C2NTNUGXO4","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/O5FPNR2F7GQ7YPJ5C2NTNUGXO4/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/O5FPNR2F7GQ7YPJ5C2NTNUGXO4/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/O5FPNR2F7GQ7YPJ5C2NTNUGXO4/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:O5FPNR2F7GQ7YPJ5C2NTNUGXO4","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"351e66266a8e66f531b3cf663cefaaede520d349fcc3ef0b930e5da4dc8495ac","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2024-07-02T20:15:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"ead9a8bea9476db1a0af7d70f2bb1fa55a16e31205ecbf21b0589b464c9e7171"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2407.02642","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2407.02642","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2407.02642v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2407.02642","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"O5FPNR2F7GQ7","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"O5FPNR2F7GQ7YPJ5","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"O5FPNR2F","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7369e91dd1a0bcdd09cb34eb970a3c00bd70473a3a2a3dd1a4e1328000f4d057","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2407.02642/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Efforts aimed at scaling fabrication processes to the level of single atoms, dubbed atom-by-atom fabrication or atomic fabrication, invariably encounter the obstacle of atomic scale cleanliness. When considering atomic fabrication, cleanliness of the base material and purity of the source reservoir from which atomic structures will be built are invariable constraints imposed by laws of physics and chemistry. As obvious as such statements may be, and regardless of the inevitable consequences for successful atomic fabrication, there is a poignant lack of understanding of the \"dirt\" (contaminatio","authors_text":"Aisha Okmi, Andrew R. Lupini, Kai Xiao, Ondrej Dyck, Sidong Lei, Stephen Jesse","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2024-07-02T20:15:14Z","title":"Your Clean Graphene is Still Not Clean"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2407.02642","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0ca7a834aa76a4ce0be8a60bfb7481f6f204be8fdbdc0602840ad9a4b4cb23b7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"351e66266a8e66f531b3cf663cefaaede520d349fcc3ef0b930e5da4dc8495ac","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2024-07-02T20:15:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"ead9a8bea9476db1a0af7d70f2bb1fa55a16e31205ecbf21b0589b464c9e7171"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2407.02642","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"774af6c745f9a1fc3d3d169b36d0d7771568d839cb365ea7d1dc20acd8d72355","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"774af6c745f9a1fc3d3d169b36d0d7771568d839cb365ea7d1dc20acd8d72355","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08.293443Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08.293443Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"bLbUgqdzypmVHfGgKqDk/2o6jA2dJtd5wyDYHTfijHKBgIBrcCwyM3EVAX20komtN9G9UTzrJzaztgfY81wZBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:43:08.293955Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2407.02642","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0ca7a834aa76a4ce0be8a60bfb7481f6f204be8fdbdc0602840ad9a4b4cb23b7","sha256:7369e91dd1a0bcdd09cb34eb970a3c00bd70473a3a2a3dd1a4e1328000f4d057"],"state_sha256":"4b7316856960c51e72471277bbf9ebb55dfbd49010c59eb2d8d4d9f32c63f5fa"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+G/pu883+VrxRw2ROzY15OQQUPt5/YJTidFGfXFyu11tFSNXNQnIm3gVpuUaJJNOez4pJlsP8aiTgCFSHvf2BA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T14:13:03.212615Z","bundle_sha256":"de0b7bcf50d58510b11b0ad770d92af6b06a5a7f546757d4f707f0c1da858574"}}