{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:O5K4FYWITPKH3J3ON2YUWUF6LN","short_pith_number":"pith:O5K4FYWI","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.04534","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-05T00:59:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"6ed9ba05076e920506cc90af7cb47b6f3292a684f7804458a68359ccc22df657","abstract_canon_sha256":"639e1f6f48b46d3e2589ec662127263c42591f8750c01d9dd0ead6dfc42725dd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7755c2e2c89bd47da76e6eb14b50be5b69ebf451371f258225d90000bfc59c2f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2506.04534","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.04534","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.04534v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.04534","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"O5K4FYWITPKH","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"O5K4FYWITPKH3J3O","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"O5K4FYWI","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:O5K4FYWITPKH3J3ON2YUWUF6LN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.04534","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-05T00:59:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"6ed9ba05076e920506cc90af7cb47b6f3292a684f7804458a68359ccc22df657","abstract_canon_sha256":"639e1f6f48b46d3e2589ec662127263c42591f8750c01d9dd0ead6dfc42725dd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7755c2e2c89bd47da76e6eb14b50be5b69ebf451371f258225d90000bfc59c2f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16.214643Z","signature_b64":"VHEAoxqHyWFLxXlCgl/xT7Nup0+dp7w7nryRxzf3EqTVPOQBmy1k231mjQzOpZFcQMMFVeJcGAsUxp81AhtmBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7755c2e2c89bd47da76e6eb14b50be5b69ebf451371f258225d90000bfc59c2f","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16.214201Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16.214201Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2506.04534","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"q2cgp0aWYIOLfEt683+PKjay4OLrlpe+M4Suq6S/313fO30SYrmkCyZicm5l67+b8xCUVFpodWPdC+/0AP8qBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T05:24:07.580224Z"},"content_sha256":"aaf14dce057b63736eb23d767318dc9e859505f0b82e1af0d4090285ea5b9728","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:aaf14dce057b63736eb23d767318dc9e859505f0b82e1af0d4090285ea5b9728"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:O5K4FYWITPKH3J3ON2YUWUF6LN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Is It JUST Semantics? A Case Study of Discourse Particle Understanding in LLMs","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Ashwini Deo, Junyi Jessy Li, Kanishka Misra, Kyle Mahowald, Valentina Pyatkin, William Sheffield","submitted_at":"2025-06-05T00:59:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"Discourse particles are crucial elements that subtly shape the meaning of text. These words, often polyfunctional, give rise to nuanced and often quite disparate semantic/discourse effects, as exemplified by the diverse uses of the particle \"just\" (e.g., exclusive, temporal, emphatic). This work investigates the capacity of LLMs to distinguish the fine-grained senses of English \"just\", a well-studied example in formal semantics, using data meticulously created and labeled by expert linguists. Our findings reveal that while LLMs exhibit some ability to differentiate between broader categories, "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.04534","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2506.04534/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kBGrvYrThr0y5d1SKJ1TZDdb3yNnwlQ0JVX7aw1yRFteuDjmPgPdlsxxq1/TYzKnCUm06p80LQqMnr8NnVoCDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T05:24:07.580722Z"},"content_sha256":"fe17cdfb7d4dd2a8915b7c0f8c4e8fdf403bbce0b49016c27898c3ae1b2962e2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fe17cdfb7d4dd2a8915b7c0f8c4e8fdf403bbce0b49016c27898c3ae1b2962e2"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/O5K4FYWITPKH3J3ON2YUWUF6LN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/O5K4FYWITPKH3J3ON2YUWUF6LN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/O5K4FYWITPKH3J3ON2YUWUF6LN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-23T05:24:07Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/O5K4FYWITPKH3J3ON2YUWUF6LN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/O5K4FYWITPKH3J3ON2YUWUF6LN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/O5K4FYWITPKH3J3ON2YUWUF6LN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/O5K4FYWITPKH3J3ON2YUWUF6LN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:O5K4FYWITPKH3J3ON2YUWUF6LN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"639e1f6f48b46d3e2589ec662127263c42591f8750c01d9dd0ead6dfc42725dd","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-05T00:59:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"6ed9ba05076e920506cc90af7cb47b6f3292a684f7804458a68359ccc22df657"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.04534","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.04534","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.04534v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.04534","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"O5K4FYWITPKH","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"O5K4FYWITPKH3J3O","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"O5K4FYWI","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:fe17cdfb7d4dd2a8915b7c0f8c4e8fdf403bbce0b49016c27898c3ae1b2962e2","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2506.04534/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Discourse particles are crucial elements that subtly shape the meaning of text. These words, often polyfunctional, give rise to nuanced and often quite disparate semantic/discourse effects, as exemplified by the diverse uses of the particle \"just\" (e.g., exclusive, temporal, emphatic). This work investigates the capacity of LLMs to distinguish the fine-grained senses of English \"just\", a well-studied example in formal semantics, using data meticulously created and labeled by expert linguists. Our findings reveal that while LLMs exhibit some ability to differentiate between broader categories, ","authors_text":"Ashwini Deo, Junyi Jessy Li, Kanishka Misra, Kyle Mahowald, Valentina Pyatkin, William Sheffield","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-05T00:59:05Z","title":"Is It JUST Semantics? A Case Study of Discourse Particle Understanding in LLMs"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.04534","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:aaf14dce057b63736eb23d767318dc9e859505f0b82e1af0d4090285ea5b9728","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"639e1f6f48b46d3e2589ec662127263c42591f8750c01d9dd0ead6dfc42725dd","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-06-05T00:59:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"6ed9ba05076e920506cc90af7cb47b6f3292a684f7804458a68359ccc22df657"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.04534","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"7755c2e2c89bd47da76e6eb14b50be5b69ebf451371f258225d90000bfc59c2f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7755c2e2c89bd47da76e6eb14b50be5b69ebf451371f258225d90000bfc59c2f","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16.214201Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16.214201Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"VHEAoxqHyWFLxXlCgl/xT7Nup0+dp7w7nryRxzf3EqTVPOQBmy1k231mjQzOpZFcQMMFVeJcGAsUxp81AhtmBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:16:16.214643Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2506.04534","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:aaf14dce057b63736eb23d767318dc9e859505f0b82e1af0d4090285ea5b9728","sha256:fe17cdfb7d4dd2a8915b7c0f8c4e8fdf403bbce0b49016c27898c3ae1b2962e2"],"state_sha256":"65757c061c19dfb6417b3d14a3e1c6df6284001aaa0085d4b596052511e15261"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ndmNbEReBLsLJ2HvSlEfj6ar8qaQckEg9x6uAhmQ6b88MLNIA5gDk1hvIbAUYfHSXFuZHBgmJ3EjGVM1rf+dCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-23T05:24:07.585825Z","bundle_sha256":"d2b819a10523e20f29de87b6e27cfaceb35cadbb2b7fa8de416f7a6709ebcb1f"}}