{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:O5QVSR57UI7I4JUZOFTJ5HQO3Q","short_pith_number":"pith:O5QVSR57","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1103.3172","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-03-16T13:52:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f7197474e18ae56f448920285c4df641ab5c617788d08f5902a0f2dd85c7ef63","abstract_canon_sha256":"8602224a6fc3dc8ca1fcf5fd064efc1ab738095f6852e7f5614768a6838d8730"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"77615947bfa23e8e269971669e9e0edc2829161540ad49cfed78657752b2ddf6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1103.3172","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1103.3172","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1103.3172v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1103.3172","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"O5QVSR57UI7I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"O5QVSR57UI7I4JUZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"O5QVSR57","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:37Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:O5QVSR57UI7I4JUZOFTJ5HQO3Q","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1103.3172","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-03-16T13:52:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f7197474e18ae56f448920285c4df641ab5c617788d08f5902a0f2dd85c7ef63","abstract_canon_sha256":"8602224a6fc3dc8ca1fcf5fd064efc1ab738095f6852e7f5614768a6838d8730"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"77615947bfa23e8e269971669e9e0edc2829161540ad49cfed78657752b2ddf6","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:14.904387Z","signature_b64":"yf672LIpGkqYLD3t7v/CW7MfsXmNAkemjy7sBw9SyTR3j3F7H8swg/C9zF1Bq9wUlWowNn5qCWfFyKEPQB2xDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"77615947bfa23e8e269971669e9e0edc2829161540ad49cfed78657752b2ddf6","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:14.903560Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:14.903560Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1103.3172","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xy50SKERwNXNIUFLIou6WP4B114/0VlCHQ/tGQ2Ma8/3RZhlnHVVcwlnfdDf/zdlLS8VCEFkvYSOOkLEEMY9AQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T21:42:56.218952Z"},"content_sha256":"445733256d10de6519e022244f13bc458e5260dd33fc49f3f923e96f8198cab2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:445733256d10de6519e022244f13bc458e5260dd33fc49f3f923e96f8198cab2"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:O5QVSR57UI7I4JUZOFTJ5HQO3Q","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Topologically Protected Zero Modes in Twisted Bilayer Graphene","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"A. H. Castro Neto, F. Guinea, G. Montambaux, M. O. Goerbig, R. de Gail","submitted_at":"2011-03-16T13:52:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"We show that the twisted graphene bilayer can reveal unusual topological properties at low energies, as a consequence of a Dirac-point splitting. These features rely on a symmetry analysis of the electron hopping between the two layers of graphene and we derive a simplified effective low-energy Hamiltonian which captures the essential topological properties of twisted bilayer graphene. The corresponding Landau levels peculiarly reveal a degenerate zero-energy mode which cannot be lifted by strong magnetic fields."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1103.3172","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6ycKH25fIbdJDh3FJnDV1lqBWlnUF532Rp46sSV6xo+FNrmtcjczCX3sbPw+g/GISVPPtEJ3SgqNMAaaRfyoBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T21:42:56.219616Z"},"content_sha256":"4790814ecfcbed787e420cd53c59c4f8a7044d4dc51c47de18a557fea7661178","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4790814ecfcbed787e420cd53c59c4f8a7044d4dc51c47de18a557fea7661178"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/O5QVSR57UI7I4JUZOFTJ5HQO3Q/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/O5QVSR57UI7I4JUZOFTJ5HQO3Q/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/O5QVSR57UI7I4JUZOFTJ5HQO3Q/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-06T21:42:56Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/O5QVSR57UI7I4JUZOFTJ5HQO3Q","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/O5QVSR57UI7I4JUZOFTJ5HQO3Q/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/O5QVSR57UI7I4JUZOFTJ5HQO3Q/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/O5QVSR57UI7I4JUZOFTJ5HQO3Q/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:O5QVSR57UI7I4JUZOFTJ5HQO3Q","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8602224a6fc3dc8ca1fcf5fd064efc1ab738095f6852e7f5614768a6838d8730","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-03-16T13:52:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"f7197474e18ae56f448920285c4df641ab5c617788d08f5902a0f2dd85c7ef63"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1103.3172","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1103.3172","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1103.3172v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1103.3172","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"O5QVSR57UI7I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"O5QVSR57UI7I4JUZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"O5QVSR57","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:37Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4790814ecfcbed787e420cd53c59c4f8a7044d4dc51c47de18a557fea7661178","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We show that the twisted graphene bilayer can reveal unusual topological properties at low energies, as a consequence of a Dirac-point splitting. These features rely on a symmetry analysis of the electron hopping between the two layers of graphene and we derive a simplified effective low-energy Hamiltonian which captures the essential topological properties of twisted bilayer graphene. The corresponding Landau levels peculiarly reveal a degenerate zero-energy mode which cannot be lifted by strong magnetic fields.","authors_text":"A. H. Castro Neto, F. Guinea, G. Montambaux, M. O. Goerbig, R. de Gail","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-03-16T13:52:22Z","title":"Topologically Protected Zero Modes in Twisted Bilayer Graphene"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1103.3172","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:445733256d10de6519e022244f13bc458e5260dd33fc49f3f923e96f8198cab2","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8602224a6fc3dc8ca1fcf5fd064efc1ab738095f6852e7f5614768a6838d8730","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-03-16T13:52:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"f7197474e18ae56f448920285c4df641ab5c617788d08f5902a0f2dd85c7ef63"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1103.3172","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"77615947bfa23e8e269971669e9e0edc2829161540ad49cfed78657752b2ddf6","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"77615947bfa23e8e269971669e9e0edc2829161540ad49cfed78657752b2ddf6","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:14.903560Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:14.903560Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"yf672LIpGkqYLD3t7v/CW7MfsXmNAkemjy7sBw9SyTR3j3F7H8swg/C9zF1Bq9wUlWowNn5qCWfFyKEPQB2xDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:17:14.904387Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1103.3172","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:445733256d10de6519e022244f13bc458e5260dd33fc49f3f923e96f8198cab2","sha256:4790814ecfcbed787e420cd53c59c4f8a7044d4dc51c47de18a557fea7661178"],"state_sha256":"7037b3c9a01885704a457bdd65b673cc89643f4f41acf074c5f71b31cb6edb2f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"F46bT+Pfpe0q7sRL3QUSzTYcEIp/Ne04o9akVEW821Wxf3oZi8CBjsQrqfyB9m+CUZxT72yX7Lvx1kCpll/ICw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T21:42:56.223013Z","bundle_sha256":"9c3d79b0945e348aeb7e4cd87a172e4060b40840433f75051fdc3de5a9a0ff8f"}}