{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:O5TJT3SHY2VB2MDCETBXMSMDAD","short_pith_number":"pith:O5TJT3SH","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1309.0960","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2013-09-04T10:11:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.stat-mech"],"title_canon_sha256":"d178475d22a4545a534bcacd91dd53ad50f957fc117caeaef1045656edb1da26","abstract_canon_sha256":"3ed17927296be83b2450a672c8c0fc399e0ddbace295bd1da0d80842a5e808d4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"776699ee47c6aa1d306224c376498300d66b97dd5807e543cd84f771f3b16933","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1309.0960","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1309.0960","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:14:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1309.0960v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:14:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1309.0960","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:14:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"O5TJT3SHY2VB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"O5TJT3SHY2VB2MDC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"O5TJT3SH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:54Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:O5TJT3SHY2VB2MDCETBXMSMDAD","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1309.0960","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2013-09-04T10:11:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.stat-mech"],"title_canon_sha256":"d178475d22a4545a534bcacd91dd53ad50f957fc117caeaef1045656edb1da26","abstract_canon_sha256":"3ed17927296be83b2450a672c8c0fc399e0ddbace295bd1da0d80842a5e808d4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"776699ee47c6aa1d306224c376498300d66b97dd5807e543cd84f771f3b16933","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:14:09.499376Z","signature_b64":"ZlCcX6VfQ/0cs1FeEqxgZFIqDtLQ20kkEzSwZeRXiYG1sBqZBEFfHkRyKVSphK7KJGT8fb5+LJ8uTkCg0JmgBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"776699ee47c6aa1d306224c376498300d66b97dd5807e543cd84f771f3b16933","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:14:09.498934Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:14:09.498934Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1309.0960","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:14:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"znuTWiGgbdl7+pwlMV3RBpJx2rL8JbzkynEB1zFL5mcACLHoyhMN7gAmvVcKloqbUdMXN9aIHjl4J9JWqmvwCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-23T22:12:04.170535Z"},"content_sha256":"2830e2ea206b428b8863f0f25f125ce888f182aed64669005a3abf050320d62b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2830e2ea206b428b8863f0f25f125ce888f182aed64669005a3abf050320d62b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:O5TJT3SHY2VB2MDCETBXMSMDAD","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Does an irreversible chemical cycle support equilibrium?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.stat-mech"],"primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","authors_text":"Kamal Bhattacharyya, Kinshuk Banerjee","submitted_at":"2013-09-04T10:11:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"The impossibility of attaining equilibrium for cyclic chemical reaction networks with irreversible steps is apparently due to a divergent entropy production rate. A deeper reason seems to be the violation of the detailed balance condition. In this work, we discuss how the standard theoretical framework can be adapted to include irreversible cycles, avoiding the divergence. With properly redefined force terms, such systems are also seen to reach and sustain equilibria that are characterized by the vanishing of the entropy production rate, though detailed balance is not maintained. Equivalence o"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1309.0960","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:14:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"gq36yhfFn6BLUhywOqcQ4wKvdD5/VkUlmDvyl7q06et9cMcEap18vxcQBMpYa3t9lmEptXHFw8u6EoFoofgBAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-23T22:12:04.170878Z"},"content_sha256":"00f21f6dd20c91d81f0acf38a7bca4845427c0e0c1609582b9337a8479880826","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:00f21f6dd20c91d81f0acf38a7bca4845427c0e0c1609582b9337a8479880826"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/O5TJT3SHY2VB2MDCETBXMSMDAD/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/O5TJT3SHY2VB2MDCETBXMSMDAD/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/O5TJT3SHY2VB2MDCETBXMSMDAD/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-23T22:12:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/O5TJT3SHY2VB2MDCETBXMSMDAD","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/O5TJT3SHY2VB2MDCETBXMSMDAD/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/O5TJT3SHY2VB2MDCETBXMSMDAD/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/O5TJT3SHY2VB2MDCETBXMSMDAD/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:O5TJT3SHY2VB2MDCETBXMSMDAD","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3ed17927296be83b2450a672c8c0fc399e0ddbace295bd1da0d80842a5e808d4","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.stat-mech"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2013-09-04T10:11:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"d178475d22a4545a534bcacd91dd53ad50f957fc117caeaef1045656edb1da26"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1309.0960","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1309.0960","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:14:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1309.0960v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:14:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1309.0960","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:14:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"O5TJT3SHY2VB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"O5TJT3SHY2VB2MDC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"O5TJT3SH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:54Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:00f21f6dd20c91d81f0acf38a7bca4845427c0e0c1609582b9337a8479880826","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:14:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The impossibility of attaining equilibrium for cyclic chemical reaction networks with irreversible steps is apparently due to a divergent entropy production rate. A deeper reason seems to be the violation of the detailed balance condition. In this work, we discuss how the standard theoretical framework can be adapted to include irreversible cycles, avoiding the divergence. With properly redefined force terms, such systems are also seen to reach and sustain equilibria that are characterized by the vanishing of the entropy production rate, though detailed balance is not maintained. Equivalence o","authors_text":"Kamal Bhattacharyya, Kinshuk Banerjee","cross_cats":["cond-mat.stat-mech"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2013-09-04T10:11:48Z","title":"Does an irreversible chemical cycle support equilibrium?"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1309.0960","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2830e2ea206b428b8863f0f25f125ce888f182aed64669005a3abf050320d62b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:14:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3ed17927296be83b2450a672c8c0fc399e0ddbace295bd1da0d80842a5e808d4","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.stat-mech"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2013-09-04T10:11:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"d178475d22a4545a534bcacd91dd53ad50f957fc117caeaef1045656edb1da26"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1309.0960","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"776699ee47c6aa1d306224c376498300d66b97dd5807e543cd84f771f3b16933","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"776699ee47c6aa1d306224c376498300d66b97dd5807e543cd84f771f3b16933","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:14:09.498934Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:14:09.498934Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ZlCcX6VfQ/0cs1FeEqxgZFIqDtLQ20kkEzSwZeRXiYG1sBqZBEFfHkRyKVSphK7KJGT8fb5+LJ8uTkCg0JmgBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:14:09.499376Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1309.0960","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2830e2ea206b428b8863f0f25f125ce888f182aed64669005a3abf050320d62b","sha256:00f21f6dd20c91d81f0acf38a7bca4845427c0e0c1609582b9337a8479880826"],"state_sha256":"71be2a68d770895c7c4bf3eeb5968c13fa5e47d67cf038181ff0c8201dafe58e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LNKpZCipc1rW5UJ8MWxEEgooQPJy71eQnUwowPl4FwcSdUgcJlGMhgPbajeEkLW4KUBPDanoIY+pVagi8jJeAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-23T22:12:04.172898Z","bundle_sha256":"ea0d4fefa3133bd369c1ceca18e8f59c469862c307fa245a5ea4d95df640c891"}}