{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:OA5XDV6XWWV3N4RKXK3UDQX7UZ","short_pith_number":"pith:OA5XDV6X","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2303.12355","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2023-03-22T07:46:42Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"902430593d094a8ae7a0113b66f99ee88d9be34c236962ee33a3d0d034e06253","abstract_canon_sha256":"bf09aff4f4fae5fa2362538f0aa2d9c18749665baa9ece7727f905b8071a8c32"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"703b71d7d7b5abb6f22abab741c2ffa64a377a601c4a963e940aaccc2004702c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2303.12355","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2303.12355","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2303.12355v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2303.12355","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OA5XDV6XWWV3","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OA5XDV6XWWV3N4RK","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OA5XDV6X","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:OA5XDV6XWWV3N4RKXK3UDQX7UZ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2303.12355","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2023-03-22T07:46:42Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"902430593d094a8ae7a0113b66f99ee88d9be34c236962ee33a3d0d034e06253","abstract_canon_sha256":"bf09aff4f4fae5fa2362538f0aa2d9c18749665baa9ece7727f905b8071a8c32"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"703b71d7d7b5abb6f22abab741c2ffa64a377a601c4a963e940aaccc2004702c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26.889893Z","signature_b64":"a0WZtn2rOBY2n/GHXWFVcSrLjd29xPufaEEjPmPzlm6n8Wl8/kglO34s/PprY5Ck+jUcxO4AF7AqFzzrG560BA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"703b71d7d7b5abb6f22abab741c2ffa64a377a601c4a963e940aaccc2004702c","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26.889476Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26.889476Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2303.12355","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"28Mqo7Cz+1ZpoCpDF2Ujm4N2LbVQXzYy8Pshf2IPAsD7mcZ6PWL+bIc3DHrHYLnQ/+kSPomVFvAKfnvjVSzvAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-24T06:23:53.460173Z"},"content_sha256":"5bce3c8ddf8728c09a2b0d0143ef8afab7c1c1767b4e48d712e17c85aff433be","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5bce3c8ddf8728c09a2b0d0143ef8afab7c1c1767b4e48d712e17c85aff433be"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:OA5XDV6XWWV3N4RKXK3UDQX7UZ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Security boundaries of an optical power limiter for protecting quantum key distribution systems","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Anqi Huang, Binwu Gao, Dongyang Wang, Jiangfang Ding, Junjie Wu, Konstantin Zaitsev, Qingquan Peng, Qin Liao, Ying Guo, Yingwen Liu","submitted_at":"2023-03-22T07:46:42Z","abstract_excerpt":"Unauthorized light injection has always been a vital threat to the practical security of a quantum key distribution (QKD) system. An optical power limiter (OPL) based on the thermo-optical defocusing effect has been proposed and implemented, limiting the injected hacking light. As a hardware countermeasure, the performance of the OPL under various light-injection attacks shall be tested to clarify the security boundary before being widely deployed. To investigate the OPL's security boundary in quantum cryptography, we comprehensively test and analyse the behavior of OPL under continuous-wave ("},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2303.12355","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2303.12355/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+4XRz7+x8HK6fCaUlT3KTLVtdKdAicPg2yCrHYbRoV+N65Z6XCeoLiuO4ynF5cKahedfxrVB0YviuszhzNSwCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-24T06:23:53.460576Z"},"content_sha256":"c4f4ad6351412d8b8a959a2b2e4576a7084c5212991d9c6c1c3e809f88463b58","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c4f4ad6351412d8b8a959a2b2e4576a7084c5212991d9c6c1c3e809f88463b58"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OA5XDV6XWWV3N4RKXK3UDQX7UZ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OA5XDV6XWWV3N4RKXK3UDQX7UZ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OA5XDV6XWWV3N4RKXK3UDQX7UZ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-24T06:23:53Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/OA5XDV6XWWV3N4RKXK3UDQX7UZ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/OA5XDV6XWWV3N4RKXK3UDQX7UZ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/OA5XDV6XWWV3N4RKXK3UDQX7UZ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OA5XDV6XWWV3N4RKXK3UDQX7UZ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:OA5XDV6XWWV3N4RKXK3UDQX7UZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bf09aff4f4fae5fa2362538f0aa2d9c18749665baa9ece7727f905b8071a8c32","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2023-03-22T07:46:42Z","title_canon_sha256":"902430593d094a8ae7a0113b66f99ee88d9be34c236962ee33a3d0d034e06253"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2303.12355","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2303.12355","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2303.12355v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2303.12355","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OA5XDV6XWWV3","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OA5XDV6XWWV3N4RK","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OA5XDV6X","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c4f4ad6351412d8b8a959a2b2e4576a7084c5212991d9c6c1c3e809f88463b58","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2303.12355/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Unauthorized light injection has always been a vital threat to the practical security of a quantum key distribution (QKD) system. An optical power limiter (OPL) based on the thermo-optical defocusing effect has been proposed and implemented, limiting the injected hacking light. As a hardware countermeasure, the performance of the OPL under various light-injection attacks shall be tested to clarify the security boundary before being widely deployed. To investigate the OPL's security boundary in quantum cryptography, we comprehensively test and analyse the behavior of OPL under continuous-wave (","authors_text":"Anqi Huang, Binwu Gao, Dongyang Wang, Jiangfang Ding, Junjie Wu, Konstantin Zaitsev, Qingquan Peng, Qin Liao, Ying Guo, Yingwen Liu","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2023-03-22T07:46:42Z","title":"Security boundaries of an optical power limiter for protecting quantum key distribution systems"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2303.12355","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5bce3c8ddf8728c09a2b0d0143ef8afab7c1c1767b4e48d712e17c85aff433be","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bf09aff4f4fae5fa2362538f0aa2d9c18749665baa9ece7727f905b8071a8c32","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2023-03-22T07:46:42Z","title_canon_sha256":"902430593d094a8ae7a0113b66f99ee88d9be34c236962ee33a3d0d034e06253"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2303.12355","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"703b71d7d7b5abb6f22abab741c2ffa64a377a601c4a963e940aaccc2004702c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"703b71d7d7b5abb6f22abab741c2ffa64a377a601c4a963e940aaccc2004702c","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26.889476Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26.889476Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"a0WZtn2rOBY2n/GHXWFVcSrLjd29xPufaEEjPmPzlm6n8Wl8/kglO34s/PprY5Ck+jUcxO4AF7AqFzzrG560BA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:39:26.889893Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2303.12355","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5bce3c8ddf8728c09a2b0d0143ef8afab7c1c1767b4e48d712e17c85aff433be","sha256:c4f4ad6351412d8b8a959a2b2e4576a7084c5212991d9c6c1c3e809f88463b58"],"state_sha256":"1e5ea098a014f4bbc31f9a7ed7895995eaa3a9c1c497db91e753a54c3eda16a7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YsRywhzOs44hWwwjJSbLa+n3Mb8XhphdUQSULBduIOjuJRq/OXKJxxmJq2qsn2GrP6P45iFO0bGwc4V7aBZfAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-24T06:23:53.462857Z","bundle_sha256":"8bdc4f4aa5454da247827cdb817b7e3f946a12cd9e616d8889ddeaf39a636f5c"}}