{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2007:OBTJ5UH4ZXDCZDBE7OJCKJ5W22","short_pith_number":"pith:OBTJ5UH4","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0708.1772","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2007-08-14T07:00:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-lat","hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"8d10a81200c7634f332d279bc358d8e5619d704f5f94d1878bfa2ae994a20926","abstract_canon_sha256":"f9f797bc5db1d811913bfc2884f568c67c3df67830e4ce70739432dde355f5b1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"70669ed0fccdc62c8c24fb922527b6d6bd99c390436b4841cdb22b0a3756b015","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0708.1772","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0708.1772","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0708.1772v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0708.1772","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OBTJ5UH4ZXDC","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OBTJ5UH4ZXDCZDBE","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OBTJ5UH4","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2007:OBTJ5UH4ZXDCZDBE7OJCKJ5W22","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0708.1772","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2007-08-14T07:00:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-lat","hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"8d10a81200c7634f332d279bc358d8e5619d704f5f94d1878bfa2ae994a20926","abstract_canon_sha256":"f9f797bc5db1d811913bfc2884f568c67c3df67830e4ce70739432dde355f5b1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"70669ed0fccdc62c8c24fb922527b6d6bd99c390436b4841cdb22b0a3756b015","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34.470981Z","signature_b64":"nk2M6E6y1A6lYn0TuFYrFM3idIiXwySNfF9tPE/eylvYO1CZ4ahSSMBdRtYCXxZscRlsnXLpYV4k2UdqKu/PDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"70669ed0fccdc62c8c24fb922527b6d6bd99c390436b4841cdb22b0a3756b015","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34.470585Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34.470585Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"0708.1772","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"obXbTjG5vQBVnPfGEbdEUB0zWNdD8iK0Hyzgo18ItJ5+gkIw0AO3gMv0CeEG42Aib+DSjH50uRh2cm+NYEBBDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-20T05:21:27.031224Z"},"content_sha256":"e01a900602d6423cb84f6155a103b71435d324e80de4b5127ea6b632f3bb872a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e01a900602d6423cb84f6155a103b71435d324e80de4b5127ea6b632f3bb872a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2007:OBTJ5UH4ZXDCZDBE7OJCKJ5W22","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Abelian duality, confinement, and chiral symmetry breaking in QCD(adj)","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-lat","hep-ph"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Mithat Unsal","submitted_at":"2007-08-14T07:00:19Z","abstract_excerpt":"We analyze the vacuum structure of SU(2) QCD with multiple massless adjoint representation fermions formulated on a small spatial $S^1 \\times \\R^3$. The absence of thermal fluctuations, and the fact that quantum fluctuations favoring the vacuum with unbroken center symmetry in a weakly coupled regime renders the interesting dynamics of these theories analytically calculable. Confinement, the area law behavior for large Wilson loops, and the generation of the mass gap in the gluonic sector are shown analytically. By abelian duality transformation, the long distance effective theory of QCD is ma"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0708.1772","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/0708.1772/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fuElsWDt7KTFIr3jrqOWJqUPORWdA82O0caRfaWJ7n+L/UdtJo0rcj1z38YOvVnr3vDEmuFIX9qR4auIiBoVCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-20T05:21:27.031621Z"},"content_sha256":"cc48312f8f1eff5847da62e0ff79b8f038a028c42ab93bb38f49b58f1a22c31c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cc48312f8f1eff5847da62e0ff79b8f038a028c42ab93bb38f49b58f1a22c31c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OBTJ5UH4ZXDCZDBE7OJCKJ5W22/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OBTJ5UH4ZXDCZDBE7OJCKJ5W22/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OBTJ5UH4ZXDCZDBE7OJCKJ5W22/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-20T05:21:27Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/OBTJ5UH4ZXDCZDBE7OJCKJ5W22","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/OBTJ5UH4ZXDCZDBE7OJCKJ5W22/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/OBTJ5UH4ZXDCZDBE7OJCKJ5W22/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OBTJ5UH4ZXDCZDBE7OJCKJ5W22/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2007:OBTJ5UH4ZXDCZDBE7OJCKJ5W22","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f9f797bc5db1d811913bfc2884f568c67c3df67830e4ce70739432dde355f5b1","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-lat","hep-ph"],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2007-08-14T07:00:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"8d10a81200c7634f332d279bc358d8e5619d704f5f94d1878bfa2ae994a20926"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0708.1772","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0708.1772","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0708.1772v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0708.1772","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OBTJ5UH4ZXDC","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OBTJ5UH4ZXDCZDBE","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OBTJ5UH4","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:cc48312f8f1eff5847da62e0ff79b8f038a028c42ab93bb38f49b58f1a22c31c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/0708.1772/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We analyze the vacuum structure of SU(2) QCD with multiple massless adjoint representation fermions formulated on a small spatial $S^1 \\times \\R^3$. The absence of thermal fluctuations, and the fact that quantum fluctuations favoring the vacuum with unbroken center symmetry in a weakly coupled regime renders the interesting dynamics of these theories analytically calculable. Confinement, the area law behavior for large Wilson loops, and the generation of the mass gap in the gluonic sector are shown analytically. By abelian duality transformation, the long distance effective theory of QCD is ma","authors_text":"Mithat Unsal","cross_cats":["hep-lat","hep-ph"],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2007-08-14T07:00:19Z","title":"Abelian duality, confinement, and chiral symmetry breaking in QCD(adj)"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0708.1772","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e01a900602d6423cb84f6155a103b71435d324e80de4b5127ea6b632f3bb872a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f9f797bc5db1d811913bfc2884f568c67c3df67830e4ce70739432dde355f5b1","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-lat","hep-ph"],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2007-08-14T07:00:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"8d10a81200c7634f332d279bc358d8e5619d704f5f94d1878bfa2ae994a20926"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0708.1772","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"70669ed0fccdc62c8c24fb922527b6d6bd99c390436b4841cdb22b0a3756b015","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"70669ed0fccdc62c8c24fb922527b6d6bd99c390436b4841cdb22b0a3756b015","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34.470585Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34.470585Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"nk2M6E6y1A6lYn0TuFYrFM3idIiXwySNfF9tPE/eylvYO1CZ4ahSSMBdRtYCXxZscRlsnXLpYV4k2UdqKu/PDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T15:24:34.470981Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0708.1772","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e01a900602d6423cb84f6155a103b71435d324e80de4b5127ea6b632f3bb872a","sha256:cc48312f8f1eff5847da62e0ff79b8f038a028c42ab93bb38f49b58f1a22c31c"],"state_sha256":"50225bc54bc02cfa5307c3f3295e6cf3343acc13fba7e3953f2c876a3ffec65e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qul/v4+UEadFo7f4fEnYB7KllCiG8db9W7YVtw/B5zEUcpL0PoRAL+zSojZwV6F8kXEwQ5RbN7mnV4/IGod/CQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-20T05:21:27.034268Z","bundle_sha256":"086ddb9901a59a63cd9a878b0a47273a6cc6c68c72059e54edd43f78d738a6f9"}}