{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:OCJICGTSBXBFNPLIZXVJMHJQMX","short_pith_number":"pith:OCJICGTS","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1604.03904","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2016-04-13T18:29:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.dis-nn"],"title_canon_sha256":"a224342b1fcbda18c54a303f343cb4447b99a6365703f6c31666dc3953054317","abstract_canon_sha256":"95014015053d476224377e6dc36a72d3acb5ded404c0ad507213fb20a44ac37c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7092811a720dc256bd68cdea961d3065e2020c32d08d734284567c9b60ef25c0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1604.03904","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1604.03904","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1604.03904v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1604.03904","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OCJICGTSBXBF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OCJICGTSBXBFNPLI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OCJICGTS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:36Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:OCJICGTSBXBFNPLIZXVJMHJQMX","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1604.03904","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2016-04-13T18:29:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.dis-nn"],"title_canon_sha256":"a224342b1fcbda18c54a303f343cb4447b99a6365703f6c31666dc3953054317","abstract_canon_sha256":"95014015053d476224377e6dc36a72d3acb5ded404c0ad507213fb20a44ac37c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7092811a720dc256bd68cdea961d3065e2020c32d08d734284567c9b60ef25c0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:58.812804Z","signature_b64":"wpY2nUdU0CKiiTeL9ObH/m/t2+gLsf42bC21hS/S/gumOlC+EWAx69jKkdER8GUCZVNKA2jfhJRyTdrQA3fVCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7092811a720dc256bd68cdea961d3065e2020c32d08d734284567c9b60ef25c0","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:58.812395Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:58.812395Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1604.03904","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:58Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jXtTtgVNFJRrZDZ/r8v0YPUkuEaUAN6nrocsr9qQp6wBonn6ccW+zMoKI3qC3q5b6iGEYz13gzeKhCE6CyFlAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T17:34:33.521373Z"},"content_sha256":"da73e7f9a599d1bfd821d3c49f5c87345021288e9e4ba8832471d8127ed6d40b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:da73e7f9a599d1bfd821d3c49f5c87345021288e9e4ba8832471d8127ed6d40b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:OCJICGTSBXBFNPLIZXVJMHJQMX","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A global take on congestion in urban areas","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.dis-nn"],"primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","authors_text":"Marc Barthelemy","submitted_at":"2016-04-13T18:29:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"We analyze the congestion data collected by a GPS device company (TomTom) for almost 300 urban areas in the world. Using simple scaling arguments and data fitting we show that congestion during peak hours in large cities grows essentially as the square root of the population density. This result, at odds with previous publications showing that gasoline consumption decreases with density, confirms that density is indeed an important determinant of congestion, but also that we need urgently a better theoretical understanding of this phenomena. This incomplete view at the urban level leads thus t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1604.03904","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:58Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pkcfTwADc/Oaha5DehiKZ5gPWHzhmm6O3doslIdW+g7p9Qvt2z5budC2UwB1/sRLtaeBij+QrQXF+stdx/59DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T17:34:33.521718Z"},"content_sha256":"dd44c1b1dee36339e4c5b02ae9441a86341a0bf2a7c994d606a06cecf6ce72b9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:dd44c1b1dee36339e4c5b02ae9441a86341a0bf2a7c994d606a06cecf6ce72b9"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OCJICGTSBXBFNPLIZXVJMHJQMX/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OCJICGTSBXBFNPLIZXVJMHJQMX/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OCJICGTSBXBFNPLIZXVJMHJQMX/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T17:34:33Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/OCJICGTSBXBFNPLIZXVJMHJQMX","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/OCJICGTSBXBFNPLIZXVJMHJQMX/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/OCJICGTSBXBFNPLIZXVJMHJQMX/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OCJICGTSBXBFNPLIZXVJMHJQMX/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:OCJICGTSBXBFNPLIZXVJMHJQMX","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"95014015053d476224377e6dc36a72d3acb5ded404c0ad507213fb20a44ac37c","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.dis-nn"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2016-04-13T18:29:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"a224342b1fcbda18c54a303f343cb4447b99a6365703f6c31666dc3953054317"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1604.03904","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1604.03904","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1604.03904v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1604.03904","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OCJICGTSBXBF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OCJICGTSBXBFNPLI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OCJICGTS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:36Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:dd44c1b1dee36339e4c5b02ae9441a86341a0bf2a7c994d606a06cecf6ce72b9","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:58Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We analyze the congestion data collected by a GPS device company (TomTom) for almost 300 urban areas in the world. Using simple scaling arguments and data fitting we show that congestion during peak hours in large cities grows essentially as the square root of the population density. This result, at odds with previous publications showing that gasoline consumption decreases with density, confirms that density is indeed an important determinant of congestion, but also that we need urgently a better theoretical understanding of this phenomena. This incomplete view at the urban level leads thus t","authors_text":"Marc Barthelemy","cross_cats":["cond-mat.dis-nn"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2016-04-13T18:29:55Z","title":"A global take on congestion in urban areas"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1604.03904","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:da73e7f9a599d1bfd821d3c49f5c87345021288e9e4ba8832471d8127ed6d40b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:58Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"95014015053d476224377e6dc36a72d3acb5ded404c0ad507213fb20a44ac37c","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.dis-nn"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2016-04-13T18:29:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"a224342b1fcbda18c54a303f343cb4447b99a6365703f6c31666dc3953054317"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1604.03904","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"7092811a720dc256bd68cdea961d3065e2020c32d08d734284567c9b60ef25c0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7092811a720dc256bd68cdea961d3065e2020c32d08d734284567c9b60ef25c0","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:58.812395Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:58.812395Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"wpY2nUdU0CKiiTeL9ObH/m/t2+gLsf42bC21hS/S/gumOlC+EWAx69jKkdER8GUCZVNKA2jfhJRyTdrQA3fVCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:58.812804Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1604.03904","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:da73e7f9a599d1bfd821d3c49f5c87345021288e9e4ba8832471d8127ed6d40b","sha256:dd44c1b1dee36339e4c5b02ae9441a86341a0bf2a7c994d606a06cecf6ce72b9"],"state_sha256":"1ecefb8ed6a22be7ffd25d54910e79dfe71849e4064bed218102389213d9e2a4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Es++TK4secEbfvQM+fb03CWH6LLHERCEPbQVIajqIOi6l6sNPCVvJgy655L49uciftFUDyjmEZ7krGm/7B11Aw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T17:34:33.523585Z","bundle_sha256":"155f4dc85e989c22c677dbe90da13dde405b4df6fa758536bf92c71c9336f96b"}}