{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:OFC6NECQUB2DCS5BZDPB33IDDA","short_pith_number":"pith:OFC6NECQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2210.12600","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2022-10-23T02:27:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"e80bc6f97bd97f2f405194b7f32779d77b7c34ac7a47af9d04be7edfa168c1c3","abstract_canon_sha256":"d49f7ec6f764be2fb90c7d33048243e2308547de7f92543e32e2675cedb492b4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7145e69050a074314ba1c8de1ded03182d090846266ac505a163fd9b993eda92","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2210.12600","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2210.12600","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2210.12600v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2210.12600","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OFC6NECQUB2D","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OFC6NECQUB2DCS5B","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OFC6NECQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:OFC6NECQUB2DCS5BZDPB33IDDA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2210.12600","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2022-10-23T02:27:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"e80bc6f97bd97f2f405194b7f32779d77b7c34ac7a47af9d04be7edfa168c1c3","abstract_canon_sha256":"d49f7ec6f764be2fb90c7d33048243e2308547de7f92543e32e2675cedb492b4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7145e69050a074314ba1c8de1ded03182d090846266ac505a163fd9b993eda92","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30.320136Z","signature_b64":"DGw04mHW9zkace2Atp7njJXHI+RgyCX27taAYjOSXCKouNmm719kPjknw/mjGyz0UP2hqGPQEw19BYUeF3HMCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7145e69050a074314ba1c8de1ded03182d090846266ac505a163fd9b993eda92","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30.319623Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30.319623Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2210.12600","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zW8lCMu2dMz44rlK/HqJmQJSfhGEjFUQBoHg8ZYMfGlQSha4kkacy1p+X2rhW4yufGjmsGqZpSn6//OOXzzpAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-10T14:10:42.658239Z"},"content_sha256":"31c2e45836c50519ddee918d02296bd4e727ae7309412e2fba304c0fd78dd2cc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:31c2e45836c50519ddee918d02296bd4e727ae7309412e2fba304c0fd78dd2cc"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:OFC6NECQUB2DCS5BZDPB33IDDA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Free Electrons Holes and Novel Surface Polar Order in Tetragonal BaTiO3 Ground States","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"A. Masuda, D. Matsumoto, E. Carter, M. Yamato, S. Kaku, S. Miyauchi, S.-W. Cheong, Y. Urakami, Y. Watanabe","submitted_at":"2022-10-23T02:27:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"We find novel polar orders that yield electron (e-) and hole (h+) gas and depend on surface terminations, using density functional theory (DFT) that, unlike existing reports, relaxed all the ion positions of ATiO3 having spontaneous polarization Ps (A: alkali earth metal). By the experiments of atomic-oxygen cleaned surfaces of BaTiO3, we find both e- and h+ gas that are proven to originate from Ps and constrain electrostatic potential, which has been missing. These experiments that remarkably agree with the DFTs of defect free BaTiO3 reveal the properties of Ps-originated e-h+ and, for ferroe"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2210.12600","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2210.12600/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Gt3v//MVLkYEtkh4Dyx7JdrTSYn8htx+dSNgbGuf1JY/TIo5YZdnujpS/YC4IB+jVn0N1KqvyXADGLS3CbjABg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-10T14:10:42.658641Z"},"content_sha256":"7662fb0c3391bc013a54b9e92874de0ee4a7295c3136a5adc6406626594e67d6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7662fb0c3391bc013a54b9e92874de0ee4a7295c3136a5adc6406626594e67d6"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OFC6NECQUB2DCS5BZDPB33IDDA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OFC6NECQUB2DCS5BZDPB33IDDA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OFC6NECQUB2DCS5BZDPB33IDDA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-10T14:10:42Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/OFC6NECQUB2DCS5BZDPB33IDDA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/OFC6NECQUB2DCS5BZDPB33IDDA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/OFC6NECQUB2DCS5BZDPB33IDDA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OFC6NECQUB2DCS5BZDPB33IDDA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:OFC6NECQUB2DCS5BZDPB33IDDA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d49f7ec6f764be2fb90c7d33048243e2308547de7f92543e32e2675cedb492b4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2022-10-23T02:27:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"e80bc6f97bd97f2f405194b7f32779d77b7c34ac7a47af9d04be7edfa168c1c3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2210.12600","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2210.12600","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2210.12600v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2210.12600","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OFC6NECQUB2D","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OFC6NECQUB2DCS5B","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OFC6NECQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7662fb0c3391bc013a54b9e92874de0ee4a7295c3136a5adc6406626594e67d6","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2210.12600/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We find novel polar orders that yield electron (e-) and hole (h+) gas and depend on surface terminations, using density functional theory (DFT) that, unlike existing reports, relaxed all the ion positions of ATiO3 having spontaneous polarization Ps (A: alkali earth metal). By the experiments of atomic-oxygen cleaned surfaces of BaTiO3, we find both e- and h+ gas that are proven to originate from Ps and constrain electrostatic potential, which has been missing. These experiments that remarkably agree with the DFTs of defect free BaTiO3 reveal the properties of Ps-originated e-h+ and, for ferroe","authors_text":"A. Masuda, D. Matsumoto, E. Carter, M. Yamato, S. Kaku, S. Miyauchi, S.-W. Cheong, Y. Urakami, Y. Watanabe","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2022-10-23T02:27:38Z","title":"Free Electrons Holes and Novel Surface Polar Order in Tetragonal BaTiO3 Ground States"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2210.12600","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:31c2e45836c50519ddee918d02296bd4e727ae7309412e2fba304c0fd78dd2cc","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d49f7ec6f764be2fb90c7d33048243e2308547de7f92543e32e2675cedb492b4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2022-10-23T02:27:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"e80bc6f97bd97f2f405194b7f32779d77b7c34ac7a47af9d04be7edfa168c1c3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2210.12600","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"7145e69050a074314ba1c8de1ded03182d090846266ac505a163fd9b993eda92","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7145e69050a074314ba1c8de1ded03182d090846266ac505a163fd9b993eda92","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30.319623Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30.319623Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"DGw04mHW9zkace2Atp7njJXHI+RgyCX27taAYjOSXCKouNmm719kPjknw/mjGyz0UP2hqGPQEw19BYUeF3HMCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30.320136Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2210.12600","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:31c2e45836c50519ddee918d02296bd4e727ae7309412e2fba304c0fd78dd2cc","sha256:7662fb0c3391bc013a54b9e92874de0ee4a7295c3136a5adc6406626594e67d6"],"state_sha256":"ee2c478b3ceb0a9fbcc8743705997e495d23fb1845d10fbe305cd777546759f1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8CQDCZdrGW28DFXVGul6UV9NQWjlKstkIgDCz1iST318y91bxCPMh/S6qpggIH/1r89/qHl3YuCY33TvKGx7CA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-10T14:10:42.661029Z","bundle_sha256":"bb3dbb73f45151eb5d65e00e740713b2cf826cea5ec97bd176f456d845182583"}}