{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:OGSVYO2TPKE74JBO46HPTRPHDG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cfd4d5ddccf619b30ba54221e0175711aafe360212ce9ea868bb3258de0eb8d0","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DL","submitted_at":"2017-10-30T15:39:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"7c050edb049a52e92c56e90d9a0df8336ed3358542f1cb66eca291e37733a5bb"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1710.11017","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1710.11017","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1710.11017v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1710.11017","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OGSVYO2TPKE7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OGSVYO2TPKE74JBO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OGSVYO2T","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:34Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6d7fbf22272bf9bcd344310df3f325b0489ec7c2b1c71a6ced8932a3e30adcd0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Using information theory, we measure innovation systemness as synergy among size-classes, zip-codes, and technological classes (NACE-codes) for 8.5 million American companies. The synergy at the national level is decomposed at the level of states, Core-Based Statistical Areas (CBSA), and Combined Statistical Areas (CSA). We zoom in to the state of California and in more detail to Silicon Valley. Our results do not support the assumption of a national system of innovations in the U.S.A. Innovation systems appear to operate at the level of the states; the CBSA are too small, so that systemness s","authors_text":"Caroline S. Wagner, Fred Phillips, Igone Porto-Gomez, Jordan A. Comins, Loet Leydesdorff","cross_cats":["cs.CY"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DL","submitted_at":"2017-10-30T15:39:28Z","title":"Synergy in the Knowledge Base of U.S. Innovation Systems at National, State, and Regional Levels: The Contributions of High-Tech Manufacturing and Knowledge-Intensive Services"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1710.11017","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b58bf875aa94558165721011057a7b48dba4656dc9e33fc37170be20e71d8d39","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cfd4d5ddccf619b30ba54221e0175711aafe360212ce9ea868bb3258de0eb8d0","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DL","submitted_at":"2017-10-30T15:39:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"7c050edb049a52e92c56e90d9a0df8336ed3358542f1cb66eca291e37733a5bb"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1710.11017","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"71a55c3b537a89fe242ee78ef9c5e719a6b4954afa816b34571aa55dd01525e8","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"71a55c3b537a89fe242ee78ef9c5e719a6b4954afa816b34571aa55dd01525e8","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:30.879041Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:30.879041Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"vLyGMNbZW1Mts7tbJWpqh83FmVvFa686TAp6Ay8x40lHvmIw/4ZsI2PFmRra6dwn8and2QOUdUBk8Y/kdvRGAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:30.879498Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1710.11017","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b58bf875aa94558165721011057a7b48dba4656dc9e33fc37170be20e71d8d39","sha256:6d7fbf22272bf9bcd344310df3f325b0489ec7c2b1c71a6ced8932a3e30adcd0"],"state_sha256":"a81c7f93de2cabfd5e22176f3cbbb2c021a348d7d765a2cf91f3d0f980f88e10"}