{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:OGSYPORTK5KO5HMPLKCLPTMVYZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4ee159ff637467a96ebb6853e242a6d1c6a7701536f0754e8a224a661975e298","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2022-08-31T16:02:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"87d4e172ba24e3ad93497dd5d51a5461eb370a780d2718ea0cce5adc30cb403b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2208.14933","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2208.14933","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:53:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2208.14933v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:53:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2208.14933","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:53:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OGSYPORTK5KO","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:53:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OGSYPORTK5KO5HMP","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:53:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OGSYPORT","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:53:36Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6951ca3a8f7734041aa3d4168433d851a2a1adb3a355691aec9bef765f0e8054","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:53:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2208.14933/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Machine learning models are vulnerable to membership inference attacks in which an adversary aims to predict whether or not a particular sample was contained in the target model's training dataset. Existing attack methods have commonly exploited the output information (mostly, losses) solely from the given target model. As a result, in practical scenarios where both the member and non-member samples yield similarly small losses, these methods are naturally unable to differentiate between them. To address this limitation, in this paper, we propose a new attack method, called \\system, which can ","authors_text":"Michael Backes, Yang Zhang, Yiyong Liu, Zhengyu Zhao","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2022-08-31T16:02:26Z","title":"Membership Inference Attacks by Exploiting Loss Trajectory"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2208.14933","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:17376416dfe54433b982c3f28b97d655ebb4d3fb8a7da16e8c2f3306457d0882","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:53:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4ee159ff637467a96ebb6853e242a6d1c6a7701536f0754e8a224a661975e298","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2022-08-31T16:02:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"87d4e172ba24e3ad93497dd5d51a5461eb370a780d2718ea0cce5adc30cb403b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2208.14933","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"71a587ba335754ee9d8f5a84b7cd95c655d30f44609f9d8b77812edd094e65e6","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"71a587ba335754ee9d8f5a84b7cd95c655d30f44609f9d8b77812edd094e65e6","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:53:36.765844Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:53:36.765844Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"YszOaOkKQiY7EfCZ5+BF0SKh1fD7YEnv+xtsJH06OsquttASsd6ua7PgixLdUiY0fosBk0uEHj/zHSJ1ooWxBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:53:36.766357Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2208.14933","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:17376416dfe54433b982c3f28b97d655ebb4d3fb8a7da16e8c2f3306457d0882","sha256:6951ca3a8f7734041aa3d4168433d851a2a1adb3a355691aec9bef765f0e8054"],"state_sha256":"eb019513567cbf4647f8fda1ccba8aec988b03d48c801b25cf7af125df868071"}