{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:OIA2GGFNFRIEB7BLYF57AA5G5P","short_pith_number":"pith:OIA2GGFN","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1509.00979","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2015-09-03T08:24:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.soft"],"title_canon_sha256":"c7f6a7c057e2a82173d3e4c20c259f5df5f5fa050505b964e89632fab7cdb972","abstract_canon_sha256":"45155212f98ad732985fbe848e73da5a7a428bfc1377996014fd8408d2ec54d6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7201a318ad2c5040fc2bc17bf003a6ebe9cbb0ac01d232e05bddc1808e9c5777","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1509.00979","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1509.00979","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1509.00979v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1509.00979","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OIA2GGFNFRIE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OIA2GGFNFRIEB7BL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OIA2GGFN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:OIA2GGFNFRIEB7BLYF57AA5G5P","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1509.00979","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2015-09-03T08:24:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.soft"],"title_canon_sha256":"c7f6a7c057e2a82173d3e4c20c259f5df5f5fa050505b964e89632fab7cdb972","abstract_canon_sha256":"45155212f98ad732985fbe848e73da5a7a428bfc1377996014fd8408d2ec54d6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7201a318ad2c5040fc2bc17bf003a6ebe9cbb0ac01d232e05bddc1808e9c5777","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:04.637122Z","signature_b64":"cmBzzxyWuwh1NoQ6WrcF4ukSW9v/YbS07PKT6scQmYqylSFQbay9hPlq2LxsYjOSRcJz6Pn+6YHwJ0MgqyThCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7201a318ad2c5040fc2bc17bf003a6ebe9cbb0ac01d232e05bddc1808e9c5777","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:04.636688Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:04.636688Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1509.00979","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4ObW+YEH9sz5/Lq/FqfQQpy3bMQo8aXViutJ+16jOCZ5Pog1YDtrVT77eiIYGFfLAXkmby5dThUJFWP3INWiBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T23:13:37.146796Z"},"content_sha256":"af999599eb00a46da4c633f38bcadb8cda0071c13ef0384eefeb5eedd13b055d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:af999599eb00a46da4c633f38bcadb8cda0071c13ef0384eefeb5eedd13b055d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:OIA2GGFNFRIEB7BLYF57AA5G5P","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Mechanisms in Impact Fragmentation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.soft"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"Falk K. Wittel, Ferenc Kun, Hans J. Herrmann, Humberto A. Carmona","submitted_at":"2015-09-03T08:24:52Z","abstract_excerpt":"The brittle fragmentation of spheres is studied numerically by a 3D Discrete Element Model. Large scale computer simulations are performed with models that consist of agglomerates of many spherical particles, interconnected by beam-truss elements. We focus on a detailed description of the fragmentation process and study several fragmentation mechanisms involved. The evolution of meridional cracks is studied in detail. These cracks are found to initiate in the inside of the specimen with quasi-periodic angular distribution and give a broad peak in the fragment mass distribution for large fragme"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1509.00979","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pZzFVZfAz4cxS8eRhFoTa7/T2DixoGKQbRSP2VneKZ8YO4xMQA9568Z5zYqsJF6fjCaGx7CyvIUu2rOmV9RsDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T23:13:37.147433Z"},"content_sha256":"a70f7b4af83280acef3b6bff4c81535ef4463b6a6f73c956a9067ce5c3b0b144","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a70f7b4af83280acef3b6bff4c81535ef4463b6a6f73c956a9067ce5c3b0b144"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OIA2GGFNFRIEB7BLYF57AA5G5P/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OIA2GGFNFRIEB7BLYF57AA5G5P/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OIA2GGFNFRIEB7BLYF57AA5G5P/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T23:13:37Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/OIA2GGFNFRIEB7BLYF57AA5G5P","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/OIA2GGFNFRIEB7BLYF57AA5G5P/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/OIA2GGFNFRIEB7BLYF57AA5G5P/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OIA2GGFNFRIEB7BLYF57AA5G5P/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:OIA2GGFNFRIEB7BLYF57AA5G5P","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"45155212f98ad732985fbe848e73da5a7a428bfc1377996014fd8408d2ec54d6","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.soft"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2015-09-03T08:24:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"c7f6a7c057e2a82173d3e4c20c259f5df5f5fa050505b964e89632fab7cdb972"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1509.00979","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1509.00979","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1509.00979v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1509.00979","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OIA2GGFNFRIE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OIA2GGFNFRIEB7BL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OIA2GGFN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a70f7b4af83280acef3b6bff4c81535ef4463b6a6f73c956a9067ce5c3b0b144","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The brittle fragmentation of spheres is studied numerically by a 3D Discrete Element Model. Large scale computer simulations are performed with models that consist of agglomerates of many spherical particles, interconnected by beam-truss elements. We focus on a detailed description of the fragmentation process and study several fragmentation mechanisms involved. The evolution of meridional cracks is studied in detail. These cracks are found to initiate in the inside of the specimen with quasi-periodic angular distribution and give a broad peak in the fragment mass distribution for large fragme","authors_text":"Falk K. Wittel, Ferenc Kun, Hans J. Herrmann, Humberto A. Carmona","cross_cats":["cond-mat.soft"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2015-09-03T08:24:52Z","title":"Mechanisms in Impact Fragmentation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1509.00979","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:af999599eb00a46da4c633f38bcadb8cda0071c13ef0384eefeb5eedd13b055d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"45155212f98ad732985fbe848e73da5a7a428bfc1377996014fd8408d2ec54d6","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.soft"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2015-09-03T08:24:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"c7f6a7c057e2a82173d3e4c20c259f5df5f5fa050505b964e89632fab7cdb972"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1509.00979","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"7201a318ad2c5040fc2bc17bf003a6ebe9cbb0ac01d232e05bddc1808e9c5777","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7201a318ad2c5040fc2bc17bf003a6ebe9cbb0ac01d232e05bddc1808e9c5777","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:04.636688Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:04.636688Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"cmBzzxyWuwh1NoQ6WrcF4ukSW9v/YbS07PKT6scQmYqylSFQbay9hPlq2LxsYjOSRcJz6Pn+6YHwJ0MgqyThCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:04.637122Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1509.00979","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:af999599eb00a46da4c633f38bcadb8cda0071c13ef0384eefeb5eedd13b055d","sha256:a70f7b4af83280acef3b6bff4c81535ef4463b6a6f73c956a9067ce5c3b0b144"],"state_sha256":"738a6495ea160be0dd3d709853f2d387bb16021fce262310689c29c9f7907f4d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KSdaxzlfQjcuWC+gDLK59UBwUyz+tr+ZJuaQt7CUOa3qloUB+MsKKerBre1gFjWdschKBfSzMKjH0E591S9JDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T23:13:37.150936Z","bundle_sha256":"999a21d75a30058133f486126dbbaa5a10f12fe0c4f3a1dbe73eacfcec60750a"}}