{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:OJGPXHTK4SE6ZM6ZAQGM6QM5DV","short_pith_number":"pith:OJGPXHTK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1508.05874","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2015-08-24T16:28:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"54d0946aacb380589afc28d8c867a80351f8fad5fceb75bbfeaeffaefe69aa60","abstract_canon_sha256":"e4587667aefe46d5c7aaea468645b43134e9f7c4d4ce9b24090ff20c939c9338"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"724cfb9e6ae489ecb3d9040ccf419d1d446dc61bcfdf4055a8f646647cab3b01","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1508.05874","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1508.05874","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1508.05874v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1508.05874","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OJGPXHTK4SE6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OJGPXHTK4SE6ZM6Z","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OJGPXHTK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:OJGPXHTK4SE6ZM6ZAQGM6QM5DV","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1508.05874","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2015-08-24T16:28:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"54d0946aacb380589afc28d8c867a80351f8fad5fceb75bbfeaeffaefe69aa60","abstract_canon_sha256":"e4587667aefe46d5c7aaea468645b43134e9f7c4d4ce9b24090ff20c939c9338"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"724cfb9e6ae489ecb3d9040ccf419d1d446dc61bcfdf4055a8f646647cab3b01","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:51.503482Z","signature_b64":"zywCbsIzuc+QqJI/6159ULKH77c5/yAHrNF7lQGyWsKoumyGaRu5kMbkdL0LLehLIePI2voJxfZYy2bvHr9xBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"724cfb9e6ae489ecb3d9040ccf419d1d446dc61bcfdf4055a8f646647cab3b01","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:51.502880Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:51.502880Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1508.05874","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"y6ZgK+vp1C1reQKh32bJfqQ8rg6UKqlf5gCJvLbT+PR1DO9uT51c875W3kyWUMNV/0MgkRXoavgEsGZyv0O5Bg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T17:59:51.523126Z"},"content_sha256":"6f91e487690436cbfba99e0ac822216cd049b4d4e136610cbc9a77791d955ae2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6f91e487690436cbfba99e0ac822216cd049b4d4e136610cbc9a77791d955ae2"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:OJGPXHTK4SE6ZM6ZAQGM6QM5DV","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"First-principles materials design of high-performing bulk photovoltaics with the LiNbO$_3$ structure","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"Andrew M. Rappe, Fan Zheng, Steve M. Young","submitted_at":"2015-08-24T16:28:29Z","abstract_excerpt":"The bulk photovoltaic effect is a long-known but poorly understood phenomenon. Recently, however, the multiferroic bismuth ferrite has been observed to produce strong photovoltaic response to visible light, suggesting that the effect has been underexploited as well. Here we present three polar oxides in the LiNbO$_3$ structure that we predict to have band gaps in the 1-2 eV range and very high bulk photovoltaic response: PbNiO$_3$, Mg$_{1/2}$Zn$_{1/2}$PbO$_3$, and LiBiO$_3$. All three have band gaps determined by cations with $d^{10}s^0$ electronic configurations, leading to conduction bands c"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1508.05874","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bkloVMvGz18urx0usHzilrbypI5wnh+AZDJzR0/5cEUhHyJxazNJTzoZXEbjKoG1x9LtigqlmeabNMszccKsCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T17:59:51.523494Z"},"content_sha256":"cd1e02c0b05bb11289295abe6891b8dd9ff466a6334febb81bd500148359f397","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cd1e02c0b05bb11289295abe6891b8dd9ff466a6334febb81bd500148359f397"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OJGPXHTK4SE6ZM6ZAQGM6QM5DV/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OJGPXHTK4SE6ZM6ZAQGM6QM5DV/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OJGPXHTK4SE6ZM6ZAQGM6QM5DV/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T17:59:51Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/OJGPXHTK4SE6ZM6ZAQGM6QM5DV","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/OJGPXHTK4SE6ZM6ZAQGM6QM5DV/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/OJGPXHTK4SE6ZM6ZAQGM6QM5DV/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OJGPXHTK4SE6ZM6ZAQGM6QM5DV/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:OJGPXHTK4SE6ZM6ZAQGM6QM5DV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e4587667aefe46d5c7aaea468645b43134e9f7c4d4ce9b24090ff20c939c9338","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2015-08-24T16:28:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"54d0946aacb380589afc28d8c867a80351f8fad5fceb75bbfeaeffaefe69aa60"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1508.05874","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1508.05874","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1508.05874v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1508.05874","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OJGPXHTK4SE6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OJGPXHTK4SE6ZM6Z","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OJGPXHTK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:34Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:cd1e02c0b05bb11289295abe6891b8dd9ff466a6334febb81bd500148359f397","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The bulk photovoltaic effect is a long-known but poorly understood phenomenon. Recently, however, the multiferroic bismuth ferrite has been observed to produce strong photovoltaic response to visible light, suggesting that the effect has been underexploited as well. Here we present three polar oxides in the LiNbO$_3$ structure that we predict to have band gaps in the 1-2 eV range and very high bulk photovoltaic response: PbNiO$_3$, Mg$_{1/2}$Zn$_{1/2}$PbO$_3$, and LiBiO$_3$. All three have band gaps determined by cations with $d^{10}s^0$ electronic configurations, leading to conduction bands c","authors_text":"Andrew M. Rappe, Fan Zheng, Steve M. Young","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2015-08-24T16:28:29Z","title":"First-principles materials design of high-performing bulk photovoltaics with the LiNbO$_3$ structure"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1508.05874","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6f91e487690436cbfba99e0ac822216cd049b4d4e136610cbc9a77791d955ae2","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e4587667aefe46d5c7aaea468645b43134e9f7c4d4ce9b24090ff20c939c9338","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2015-08-24T16:28:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"54d0946aacb380589afc28d8c867a80351f8fad5fceb75bbfeaeffaefe69aa60"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1508.05874","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"724cfb9e6ae489ecb3d9040ccf419d1d446dc61bcfdf4055a8f646647cab3b01","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"724cfb9e6ae489ecb3d9040ccf419d1d446dc61bcfdf4055a8f646647cab3b01","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:51.502880Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:51.502880Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"zywCbsIzuc+QqJI/6159ULKH77c5/yAHrNF7lQGyWsKoumyGaRu5kMbkdL0LLehLIePI2voJxfZYy2bvHr9xBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:34:51.503482Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1508.05874","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6f91e487690436cbfba99e0ac822216cd049b4d4e136610cbc9a77791d955ae2","sha256:cd1e02c0b05bb11289295abe6891b8dd9ff466a6334febb81bd500148359f397"],"state_sha256":"32162a7ac290853ebe1f6b24c1680f560135e9969df5ae56693370986e64edd5"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xu8AaiTDRpF+KLMt+Cnmhz6MuLQhMA1BNctD0dCNv/AWMVVE0uPjqGf4x0V5Y+Jtk46W5dTx5SxYkFyvgqPkBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T17:59:51.525443Z","bundle_sha256":"7687de86b17c767e4bcf5560df25189123368bcff12884612ecb343dc964d2ec"}}