{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:OKMKPO53A6LV267XECIBMZEEJW","short_pith_number":"pith:OKMKPO53","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1006.1228","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2010-06-07T10:49:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"fd962f03eafea8d4d41295f419d3f0223c67c2e521f4d8397bd77e7e277d87ce","abstract_canon_sha256":"10db8f3c3f4090b866fec79e04aacb871b9c98a2af3997c3c1f0dfea4f4de06c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7298a7bbbb07975d7bf720901664844d82444788bea7a55f8256b616219723e2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1006.1228","version":4},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1006.1228","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:06:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1006.1228v4","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:06:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1006.1228","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:06:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OKMKPO53A6LV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OKMKPO53A6LV267X","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OKMKPO53","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:OKMKPO53A6LV267XECIBMZEEJW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1006.1228","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2010-06-07T10:49:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"fd962f03eafea8d4d41295f419d3f0223c67c2e521f4d8397bd77e7e277d87ce","abstract_canon_sha256":"10db8f3c3f4090b866fec79e04aacb871b9c98a2af3997c3c1f0dfea4f4de06c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7298a7bbbb07975d7bf720901664844d82444788bea7a55f8256b616219723e2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:06:56.806386Z","signature_b64":"uU3wyzc2nc3I5Y359dd4CcEJLcovCnSvYUgbqp2WFYxARjvFB6pm1F5L33ZpvTWQqYZ/Q1C8EGsZAzWOlxWJCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7298a7bbbb07975d7bf720901664844d82444788bea7a55f8256b616219723e2","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:06:56.805638Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:06:56.805638Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1006.1228","source_version":4,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:06:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zg8bggcVK8gEEcE2/hg5MjCeCcbgjksfNpzIOoHGM645RRAfB1g76VQbsSUe5o7iAsriQXaj3OYI7xVCqb3RCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T09:47:18.488732Z"},"content_sha256":"601e57e726c18ac295cff7a767ed9ddbe7ffc55a8c5b1065d223b89e9f07cf40","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:601e57e726c18ac295cff7a767ed9ddbe7ffc55a8c5b1065d223b89e9f07cf40"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:OKMKPO53A6LV267XECIBMZEEJW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The dynamics of spiral arms in pure stellar disks","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"E. Kokubo, J. Baba, J. Makino, K. Wada, M. S. Fujii, T. R. Saitoh","submitted_at":"2010-06-07T10:49:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"It has been believed that spirals in pure stellar disks, especially the ones spontaneously formed, decay in several galactic rotations due to the increase of stellar velocity dispersions. Therefore, some cooling mechanism, for example dissipational effects of the interstellar medium, was assumed to be necessary to keep the spiral arms. Here we show that stellar disks can maintain spiral features for several tens of rotations without the help of cooling, using a series of high-resolution three-dimensional $N$-body simulations of pure stellar disks. We found that if the number of particles is su"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1006.1228","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:06:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5EHt6uDAo5dipu6+/BQzstJ5O6MlmVQiA9a6V1xGr2vduzOnOGTOgzA7PqtGwCHOOpFGiSsEDtu5taQTKmEmDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T09:47:18.489095Z"},"content_sha256":"a49564a06296e7f488dd1c314182fc89e5e7b15aacf4e04c5449eec96b55cd9b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a49564a06296e7f488dd1c314182fc89e5e7b15aacf4e04c5449eec96b55cd9b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OKMKPO53A6LV267XECIBMZEEJW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OKMKPO53A6LV267XECIBMZEEJW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OKMKPO53A6LV267XECIBMZEEJW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T09:47:18Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/OKMKPO53A6LV267XECIBMZEEJW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/OKMKPO53A6LV267XECIBMZEEJW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/OKMKPO53A6LV267XECIBMZEEJW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OKMKPO53A6LV267XECIBMZEEJW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:OKMKPO53A6LV267XECIBMZEEJW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"10db8f3c3f4090b866fec79e04aacb871b9c98a2af3997c3c1f0dfea4f4de06c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2010-06-07T10:49:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"fd962f03eafea8d4d41295f419d3f0223c67c2e521f4d8397bd77e7e277d87ce"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1006.1228","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1006.1228","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:06:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1006.1228v4","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:06:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1006.1228","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:06:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OKMKPO53A6LV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OKMKPO53A6LV267X","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OKMKPO53","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a49564a06296e7f488dd1c314182fc89e5e7b15aacf4e04c5449eec96b55cd9b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:06:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"It has been believed that spirals in pure stellar disks, especially the ones spontaneously formed, decay in several galactic rotations due to the increase of stellar velocity dispersions. Therefore, some cooling mechanism, for example dissipational effects of the interstellar medium, was assumed to be necessary to keep the spiral arms. Here we show that stellar disks can maintain spiral features for several tens of rotations without the help of cooling, using a series of high-resolution three-dimensional $N$-body simulations of pure stellar disks. We found that if the number of particles is su","authors_text":"E. Kokubo, J. Baba, J. Makino, K. Wada, M. S. Fujii, T. R. Saitoh","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2010-06-07T10:49:02Z","title":"The dynamics of spiral arms in pure stellar disks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1006.1228","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:601e57e726c18ac295cff7a767ed9ddbe7ffc55a8c5b1065d223b89e9f07cf40","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:06:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"10db8f3c3f4090b866fec79e04aacb871b9c98a2af3997c3c1f0dfea4f4de06c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2010-06-07T10:49:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"fd962f03eafea8d4d41295f419d3f0223c67c2e521f4d8397bd77e7e277d87ce"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1006.1228","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"canonical_sha256":"7298a7bbbb07975d7bf720901664844d82444788bea7a55f8256b616219723e2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7298a7bbbb07975d7bf720901664844d82444788bea7a55f8256b616219723e2","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:06:56.805638Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:06:56.805638Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"uU3wyzc2nc3I5Y359dd4CcEJLcovCnSvYUgbqp2WFYxARjvFB6pm1F5L33ZpvTWQqYZ/Q1C8EGsZAzWOlxWJCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:06:56.806386Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1006.1228","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":4}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:601e57e726c18ac295cff7a767ed9ddbe7ffc55a8c5b1065d223b89e9f07cf40","sha256:a49564a06296e7f488dd1c314182fc89e5e7b15aacf4e04c5449eec96b55cd9b"],"state_sha256":"2a72d6a7e43d867419b672983fc43c9bb79dbd5a30036bdc76942e67424b58c4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"S3Lsp49AmOtHUtTsOm2dGZ2KEfNiffxAnbxqNyP/CXeQIYG5H+ZpSHqfbYBcOYVErJYQ/hI4jPzdgTLwe/ktAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T09:47:18.491783Z","bundle_sha256":"4d26677493185a15c0d9d24da6767c5cc91210e9ab8bda6db3bc98809b54bed0"}}