{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:OLPWL7ZGV6HCWDOWQGD2IDJKLC","short_pith_number":"pith:OLPWL7ZG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2210.12598","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-10-23T02:12:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CR"],"title_canon_sha256":"f4b066d172cb72dce181e3abeff71bda518d692f337d4d5bc333fbd382c82181","abstract_canon_sha256":"2b0f11e9e4843ef857bbc4e523bace6dce9f2b376b5bb5763b52a186bd88d9ea"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"72df65ff26af8e2b0dd68187a40d2a58bd00b8266b4b557c47e9d6594ab85d4e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2210.12598","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2210.12598","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2210.12598v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2210.12598","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OLPWL7ZGV6HC","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OLPWL7ZGV6HCWDOW","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OLPWL7ZG","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:OLPWL7ZGV6HCWDOWQGD2IDJKLC","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2210.12598","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-10-23T02:12:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CR"],"title_canon_sha256":"f4b066d172cb72dce181e3abeff71bda518d692f337d4d5bc333fbd382c82181","abstract_canon_sha256":"2b0f11e9e4843ef857bbc4e523bace6dce9f2b376b5bb5763b52a186bd88d9ea"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"72df65ff26af8e2b0dd68187a40d2a58bd00b8266b4b557c47e9d6594ab85d4e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30.267458Z","signature_b64":"4fsKXzJNImmry9V/GDnAqJYqIXpEdk5dEEiQCWpUOA59nYiXXN8nRC+kNnDlC7roAlS49qZkajiqbNrYlHuwDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"72df65ff26af8e2b0dd68187a40d2a58bd00b8266b4b557c47e9d6594ab85d4e","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30.267026Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30.267026Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2210.12598","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"i6bQssIaSsviUUk23B3HvY+Z5hKjuY28bXFtBy4JgNe20jCmJs9kLFeSJ20s8kkfBZBnFmiLNQVwNksXOz0KCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T12:22:08.787569Z"},"content_sha256":"c82204ff767c841a562cfd262300d61b6154529d2ad8c5c9f7524451f4464756","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c82204ff767c841a562cfd262300d61b6154529d2ad8c5c9f7524451f4464756"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:OLPWL7ZGV6HCWDOWQGD2IDJKLC","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"GANI: Global Attacks on Graph Neural Networks via Imperceptible Node Injections","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CR"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Chi K. Tse, Haixian Wen, Jiajing Wu, Junyuan Fang, Qi Xuan, Zibin Zheng","submitted_at":"2022-10-23T02:12:26Z","abstract_excerpt":"Graph neural networks (GNNs) have found successful applications in various graph-related tasks. However, recent studies have shown that many GNNs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. In a vast majority of existing studies, adversarial attacks on GNNs are launched via direct modification of the original graph such as adding/removing links, which may not be applicable in practice. In this paper, we focus on a realistic attack operation via injecting fake nodes. The proposed Global Attack strategy via Node Injection (GANI) is designed under the comprehensive consideration of an unnoticeable per"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2210.12598","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2210.12598/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uJhjgltgvqfRLHDB855jVVODZBoCd0HhfRYp3tFemKXspHUYButS+J7HanFIMnH6tAPC4Q6CJAcyyibPZEc3Bg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T12:22:08.788004Z"},"content_sha256":"82d83b20a2ca10183cf9602633d75743ef225a30c1949893643ac11b5bb48f79","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:82d83b20a2ca10183cf9602633d75743ef225a30c1949893643ac11b5bb48f79"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OLPWL7ZGV6HCWDOWQGD2IDJKLC/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OLPWL7ZGV6HCWDOWQGD2IDJKLC/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OLPWL7ZGV6HCWDOWQGD2IDJKLC/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-06T12:22:08Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/OLPWL7ZGV6HCWDOWQGD2IDJKLC","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/OLPWL7ZGV6HCWDOWQGD2IDJKLC/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/OLPWL7ZGV6HCWDOWQGD2IDJKLC/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OLPWL7ZGV6HCWDOWQGD2IDJKLC/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:OLPWL7ZGV6HCWDOWQGD2IDJKLC","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2b0f11e9e4843ef857bbc4e523bace6dce9f2b376b5bb5763b52a186bd88d9ea","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-10-23T02:12:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"f4b066d172cb72dce181e3abeff71bda518d692f337d4d5bc333fbd382c82181"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2210.12598","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2210.12598","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2210.12598v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2210.12598","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OLPWL7ZGV6HC","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OLPWL7ZGV6HCWDOW","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OLPWL7ZG","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:82d83b20a2ca10183cf9602633d75743ef225a30c1949893643ac11b5bb48f79","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2210.12598/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Graph neural networks (GNNs) have found successful applications in various graph-related tasks. However, recent studies have shown that many GNNs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. In a vast majority of existing studies, adversarial attacks on GNNs are launched via direct modification of the original graph such as adding/removing links, which may not be applicable in practice. In this paper, we focus on a realistic attack operation via injecting fake nodes. The proposed Global Attack strategy via Node Injection (GANI) is designed under the comprehensive consideration of an unnoticeable per","authors_text":"Chi K. Tse, Haixian Wen, Jiajing Wu, Junyuan Fang, Qi Xuan, Zibin Zheng","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-10-23T02:12:26Z","title":"GANI: Global Attacks on Graph Neural Networks via Imperceptible Node Injections"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2210.12598","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c82204ff767c841a562cfd262300d61b6154529d2ad8c5c9f7524451f4464756","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2b0f11e9e4843ef857bbc4e523bace6dce9f2b376b5bb5763b52a186bd88d9ea","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-10-23T02:12:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"f4b066d172cb72dce181e3abeff71bda518d692f337d4d5bc333fbd382c82181"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2210.12598","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"72df65ff26af8e2b0dd68187a40d2a58bd00b8266b4b557c47e9d6594ab85d4e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"72df65ff26af8e2b0dd68187a40d2a58bd00b8266b4b557c47e9d6594ab85d4e","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30.267026Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30.267026Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"4fsKXzJNImmry9V/GDnAqJYqIXpEdk5dEEiQCWpUOA59nYiXXN8nRC+kNnDlC7roAlS49qZkajiqbNrYlHuwDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:09:30.267458Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2210.12598","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c82204ff767c841a562cfd262300d61b6154529d2ad8c5c9f7524451f4464756","sha256:82d83b20a2ca10183cf9602633d75743ef225a30c1949893643ac11b5bb48f79"],"state_sha256":"7dfc8d739b3d749b180d4b253108a1c536205fa246a04fa204539a7f4ff1389f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0Z1vE1x5WN7UYxpPH2VT1wCirJeH4n9oYRDCGTX+nexwhiGuNK3FY+V/SR/lCfGTXTyAfuLCMjxEbjCInuBvAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T12:22:08.789990Z","bundle_sha256":"f5ae91ad00757fec759d108697158700d5ab8af93abc2d37b3aef9d81df5c32d"}}