{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:ONJ2JC6NAPGUIIFQOJD7NBFK6V","short_pith_number":"pith:ONJ2JC6N","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2011.12092","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.OS","submitted_at":"2020-11-24T13:54:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AR","cs.PF"],"title_canon_sha256":"1f06b4da42ce07f8d38b181056c9f3c642275dc65730d4c3b16ecf05beb0f98f","abstract_canon_sha256":"ba475a859460be614d694a8deaeda768fc7dc758c47ead10c9d3ea8cf26ab760"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7353a48bcd03cd4420b07247f684aaf5462cfbf3b239a0dcfc0335f11ebad07c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2011.12092","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2011.12092","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2011.12092v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2011.12092","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ONJ2JC6NAPGU","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ONJ2JC6NAPGUIIFQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ONJ2JC6N","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:ONJ2JC6NAPGUIIFQOJD7NBFK6V","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2011.12092","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.OS","submitted_at":"2020-11-24T13:54:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AR","cs.PF"],"title_canon_sha256":"1f06b4da42ce07f8d38b181056c9f3c642275dc65730d4c3b16ecf05beb0f98f","abstract_canon_sha256":"ba475a859460be614d694a8deaeda768fc7dc758c47ead10c9d3ea8cf26ab760"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7353a48bcd03cd4420b07247f684aaf5462cfbf3b239a0dcfc0335f11ebad07c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07.896697Z","signature_b64":"RAPEWB515DrZfMUqfp2dvn+Cw7YzLivEj6RxQPWqPncdrtlFkaY17Rq1LnooGJc4bwhEn58wjxhZK4vzeXmiCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7353a48bcd03cd4420b07247f684aaf5462cfbf3b239a0dcfc0335f11ebad07c","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07.896359Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07.896359Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2011.12092","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"d+T2khTr7sBnvC7ufwzrVcLpYkd+m9JGuThOAM0AZgFbX0AdWHpnWTil0AY88cfmAQtzeZ2xa7kCiSEBh5JQBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T06:50:16.130323Z"},"content_sha256":"b226c60b0daf4906e2894a7f322b97961c5fa17f2da86c2fdb62f4fc12ac7b5e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b226c60b0daf4906e2894a7f322b97961c5fa17f2da86c2fdb62f4fc12ac7b5e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:ONJ2JC6NAPGUIIFQOJD7NBFK6V","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Leveraging Architectural Support of Three Page Sizes with Trident","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AR","cs.PF"],"primary_cat":"cs.OS","authors_text":"Arkaprava Basu, Ashish Panwar, Venkat Sri Sai Ram","submitted_at":"2020-11-24T13:54:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"Large pages are commonly deployed to reduce address translation overheads for big-memory workloads. Modern x86-64 processors from Intel and AMD support two large page sizes -- 1GB and 2MB. However, previous works on large pages have primarily focused on 2MB pages, partly due to lack of substantial evidence on the profitability of 1GB pages to real-world applications. We argue that in fact, inadequate system software support is responsible for a decade of underutilized hardware support for 1GB pages.\n  Through extensive experimentation on a real system, we demonstrate that 1GB pages can improve"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2011.12092","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2011.12092/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"dulfLex552BlKdur84BW+Y8/ennwcD1+4ZQzMZkl4Tca/Ik7DutfMcSvnEAunvlE5KysyjSYOudMhd4rx3WgBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T06:50:16.130827Z"},"content_sha256":"162ff4bcfeff425f0a9d00a0385b4b1e77973c23afe4247012ff526172c21204","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:162ff4bcfeff425f0a9d00a0385b4b1e77973c23afe4247012ff526172c21204"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ONJ2JC6NAPGUIIFQOJD7NBFK6V/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ONJ2JC6NAPGUIIFQOJD7NBFK6V/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ONJ2JC6NAPGUIIFQOJD7NBFK6V/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-05T06:50:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ONJ2JC6NAPGUIIFQOJD7NBFK6V","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ONJ2JC6NAPGUIIFQOJD7NBFK6V/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ONJ2JC6NAPGUIIFQOJD7NBFK6V/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ONJ2JC6NAPGUIIFQOJD7NBFK6V/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:ONJ2JC6NAPGUIIFQOJD7NBFK6V","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ba475a859460be614d694a8deaeda768fc7dc758c47ead10c9d3ea8cf26ab760","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AR","cs.PF"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.OS","submitted_at":"2020-11-24T13:54:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"1f06b4da42ce07f8d38b181056c9f3c642275dc65730d4c3b16ecf05beb0f98f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2011.12092","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2011.12092","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2011.12092v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2011.12092","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ONJ2JC6NAPGU","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ONJ2JC6NAPGUIIFQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ONJ2JC6N","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:162ff4bcfeff425f0a9d00a0385b4b1e77973c23afe4247012ff526172c21204","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2011.12092/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Large pages are commonly deployed to reduce address translation overheads for big-memory workloads. Modern x86-64 processors from Intel and AMD support two large page sizes -- 1GB and 2MB. However, previous works on large pages have primarily focused on 2MB pages, partly due to lack of substantial evidence on the profitability of 1GB pages to real-world applications. We argue that in fact, inadequate system software support is responsible for a decade of underutilized hardware support for 1GB pages.\n  Through extensive experimentation on a real system, we demonstrate that 1GB pages can improve","authors_text":"Arkaprava Basu, Ashish Panwar, Venkat Sri Sai Ram","cross_cats":["cs.AR","cs.PF"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.OS","submitted_at":"2020-11-24T13:54:55Z","title":"Leveraging Architectural Support of Three Page Sizes with Trident"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2011.12092","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b226c60b0daf4906e2894a7f322b97961c5fa17f2da86c2fdb62f4fc12ac7b5e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ba475a859460be614d694a8deaeda768fc7dc758c47ead10c9d3ea8cf26ab760","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AR","cs.PF"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.OS","submitted_at":"2020-11-24T13:54:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"1f06b4da42ce07f8d38b181056c9f3c642275dc65730d4c3b16ecf05beb0f98f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2011.12092","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"7353a48bcd03cd4420b07247f684aaf5462cfbf3b239a0dcfc0335f11ebad07c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7353a48bcd03cd4420b07247f684aaf5462cfbf3b239a0dcfc0335f11ebad07c","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07.896359Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07.896359Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"RAPEWB515DrZfMUqfp2dvn+Cw7YzLivEj6RxQPWqPncdrtlFkaY17Rq1LnooGJc4bwhEn58wjxhZK4vzeXmiCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:07.896697Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2011.12092","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b226c60b0daf4906e2894a7f322b97961c5fa17f2da86c2fdb62f4fc12ac7b5e","sha256:162ff4bcfeff425f0a9d00a0385b4b1e77973c23afe4247012ff526172c21204"],"state_sha256":"d1410e30a72adbcdfa646da555da6b6b93a5e9c06e073a73239435ef150f1a82"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qN7GBHZs7FDjq24eZHO4RzdkzGWIa7VMepX0Ri7GDQ54k6e9TXsiv8XiLl1H7HES2b8NSPz8jYMf3bgfI+9jAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T06:50:16.134374Z","bundle_sha256":"aff9b3a07ad1c7af8ef9e72a33194c5e9045e2aaf4e71475fa138bef8d4a506b"}}