{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2019:OOQT6QY5FN7LUZRR42ZVZEFAOC","short_pith_number":"pith:OOQT6QY5","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"73a13f431d2b7eba6631e6b35c90a070a2bbd231d644498dc69731fc078b86e8","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1903.03662","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"A Potential Outcomes Calculus for Identifying Conditional Path-Specific Effects","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Daniel Malinsky, Ilya Shpitser, Thomas Richardson","submitted_at":"2019-03-08T20:37:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"The do-calculus is a well-known deductive system for deriving connections between interventional and observed distributions, and has been proven complete for a number of important identifiability problems in causal inference. Nevertheless, as it is currently defined, the do-calculus is inapplicable to causal problems that involve complex nested counterfactuals which cannot be expressed in terms of the \"do\" operator. Such problems include analyses of path-specific effects and dynamic treatment regimes. In this paper we present the potential outcome calculus (po-calculus), a natural generalizati"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1903.03662","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2019-03-08T20:37:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"328375ce4782bd5c736b1b692c3a1250b98f94ceaa30389041121ac9efe77cd9","abstract_canon_sha256":"2aa53980c20bf5b4012cb97aa0ce6225b26079bb243da36cae0d9f6d323096ff"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41.339519Z","signature_b64":"z5i4lfR/XlCJj8gwSOH44j4ZZqyy+MKpcnW6ZC2OhNVI/YnGtp3otzssMqTN+y6lt/9kWxfSbrWIZFh7EEEmCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"73a13f431d2b7eba6631e6b35c90a070a2bbd231d644498dc69731fc078b86e8","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41.338847Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41.338847Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Potential Outcomes Calculus for Identifying Conditional Path-Specific Effects","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Daniel Malinsky, Ilya Shpitser, Thomas Richardson","submitted_at":"2019-03-08T20:37:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"The do-calculus is a well-known deductive system for deriving connections between interventional and observed distributions, and has been proven complete for a number of important identifiability problems in causal inference. Nevertheless, as it is currently defined, the do-calculus is inapplicable to causal problems that involve complex nested counterfactuals which cannot be expressed in terms of the \"do\" operator. Such problems include analyses of path-specific effects and dynamic treatment regimes. In this paper we present the potential outcome calculus (po-calculus), a natural generalizati"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1903.03662","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1903.03662","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41.338950+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1903.03662v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41.338950+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1903.03662","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41.338950+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OOQT6QY5FN7L","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:24.271573+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OOQT6QY5FN7LUZRR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:24.271573+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OOQT6QY5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:24.271573+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/OOQT6QY5FN7LUZRR42ZVZEFAOC","json":"https://pith.science/pith/OOQT6QY5FN7LUZRR42ZVZEFAOC.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/OOQT6QY5FN7LUZRR42ZVZEFAOC/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/OOQT6QY5FN7LUZRR42ZVZEFAOC/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/OOQT6QY5"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/OOQT6QY5FN7LUZRR42ZVZEFAOC","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/OOQT6QY5FN7LUZRR42ZVZEFAOC.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/OOQT6QY5","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1903.03662&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/OOQT6QY5FN7LUZRR42ZVZEFAOC/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/OOQT6QY5FN7LUZRR42ZVZEFAOC/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/OOQT6QY5FN7LUZRR42ZVZEFAOC/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/OOQT6QY5FN7LUZRR42ZVZEFAOC/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/OOQT6QY5FN7LUZRR42ZVZEFAOC/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/OOQT6QY5FN7LUZRR42ZVZEFAOC/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/OOQT6QY5FN7LUZRR42ZVZEFAOC/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41.338950+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:41.338950+00:00"}