{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:OPJ54KWQNIIMTFTQTOSAVFUMAX","short_pith_number":"pith:OPJ54KWQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.02048","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-06-01T01:59:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"3e4bbcf40d3d973d3ad5460481c4978efeb7a0db780715fcb75cb8149236d8c8","abstract_canon_sha256":"d129309e9cf94de362bc14a1ebc9a6e630e57a44416e3a512e4737887e4232da"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"73d3de2ad06a10c996709ba40a968c05f2ac05b19667afd239c31295b087a721","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2506.02048","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.02048","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.02048v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.02048","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OPJ54KWQNIIM","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OPJ54KWQNIIMTFTQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OPJ54KWQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:OPJ54KWQNIIMTFTQTOSAVFUMAX","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.02048","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-06-01T01:59:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"3e4bbcf40d3d973d3ad5460481c4978efeb7a0db780715fcb75cb8149236d8c8","abstract_canon_sha256":"d129309e9cf94de362bc14a1ebc9a6e630e57a44416e3a512e4737887e4232da"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"73d3de2ad06a10c996709ba40a968c05f2ac05b19667afd239c31295b087a721","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47.816747Z","signature_b64":"qEqUX4160sxV+qqZqXKVxyy0cGaRS8KX7q3aI8mmuvYe9hUvvqsQ+TI3g2SnOxTNkoBIyxiuNZIcDU2l+3FZAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"73d3de2ad06a10c996709ba40a968c05f2ac05b19667afd239c31295b087a721","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47.816241Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47.816241Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2506.02048","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"y4WLXe4fUiDeipx/1n4M12QDQiZwhwbkS7Fz4POiR8tP+AjOtMtsADvHmR7UBFhuxxOn+YwXjFnPOXlCcKFHAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T23:48:35.848794Z"},"content_sha256":"86baf7266681d43a3e2baae4b404ca112052d523f7c1cb9453394106b0a7cb2c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:86baf7266681d43a3e2baae4b404ca112052d523f7c1cb9453394106b0a7cb2c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:OPJ54KWQNIIMTFTQTOSAVFUMAX","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Improving LLM Agents with Reinforcement Learning on Cryptographic CTF Challenges","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Andr\\'as Luk\\'acs, David Imolai, Lajos Muzsai","submitted_at":"2025-06-01T01:59:52Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present 'Random-Crypto', a procedurally generated cryptographic Capture The Flag (CTF) dataset designed to unlock the potential of Reinforcement Learning (RL) for LLM-based agents in security-sensitive domains. Cryptographic reasoning offers an ideal RL testbed: it combines precise validation, structured multi-step inference, and reliance on reliable computational tool use. Leveraging these properties, we fine-tune a Python tool-augmented Llama-3.1-8B via Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) in a secure execution environment. The resulting agent achieves a significant improvement in Pa"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.02048","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2506.02048/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CwXfYueGzdzO+5X8Xlimt2+lrszE+v4OilYJV8Qta5bWjZ4fcaLsOR3WKlTJQUMrVR4TeDMLhPJZsZvQ6pMJBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T23:48:35.849293Z"},"content_sha256":"101dbdb2394f805bd166191bff02a77e0f1927eeed0c46c7939a0115b03c23aa","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:101dbdb2394f805bd166191bff02a77e0f1927eeed0c46c7939a0115b03c23aa"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OPJ54KWQNIIMTFTQTOSAVFUMAX/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OPJ54KWQNIIMTFTQTOSAVFUMAX/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OPJ54KWQNIIMTFTQTOSAVFUMAX/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-07T23:48:35Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/OPJ54KWQNIIMTFTQTOSAVFUMAX","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/OPJ54KWQNIIMTFTQTOSAVFUMAX/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/OPJ54KWQNIIMTFTQTOSAVFUMAX/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OPJ54KWQNIIMTFTQTOSAVFUMAX/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:OPJ54KWQNIIMTFTQTOSAVFUMAX","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d129309e9cf94de362bc14a1ebc9a6e630e57a44416e3a512e4737887e4232da","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-06-01T01:59:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"3e4bbcf40d3d973d3ad5460481c4978efeb7a0db780715fcb75cb8149236d8c8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.02048","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.02048","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.02048v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.02048","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OPJ54KWQNIIM","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OPJ54KWQNIIMTFTQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OPJ54KWQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:101dbdb2394f805bd166191bff02a77e0f1927eeed0c46c7939a0115b03c23aa","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2506.02048/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present 'Random-Crypto', a procedurally generated cryptographic Capture The Flag (CTF) dataset designed to unlock the potential of Reinforcement Learning (RL) for LLM-based agents in security-sensitive domains. Cryptographic reasoning offers an ideal RL testbed: it combines precise validation, structured multi-step inference, and reliance on reliable computational tool use. Leveraging these properties, we fine-tune a Python tool-augmented Llama-3.1-8B via Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) in a secure execution environment. The resulting agent achieves a significant improvement in Pa","authors_text":"Andr\\'as Luk\\'acs, David Imolai, Lajos Muzsai","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-06-01T01:59:52Z","title":"Improving LLM Agents with Reinforcement Learning on Cryptographic CTF Challenges"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.02048","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:86baf7266681d43a3e2baae4b404ca112052d523f7c1cb9453394106b0a7cb2c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d129309e9cf94de362bc14a1ebc9a6e630e57a44416e3a512e4737887e4232da","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-06-01T01:59:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"3e4bbcf40d3d973d3ad5460481c4978efeb7a0db780715fcb75cb8149236d8c8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.02048","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"73d3de2ad06a10c996709ba40a968c05f2ac05b19667afd239c31295b087a721","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"73d3de2ad06a10c996709ba40a968c05f2ac05b19667afd239c31295b087a721","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47.816241Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47.816241Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"qEqUX4160sxV+qqZqXKVxyy0cGaRS8KX7q3aI8mmuvYe9hUvvqsQ+TI3g2SnOxTNkoBIyxiuNZIcDU2l+3FZAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:54:47.816747Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2506.02048","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:86baf7266681d43a3e2baae4b404ca112052d523f7c1cb9453394106b0a7cb2c","sha256:101dbdb2394f805bd166191bff02a77e0f1927eeed0c46c7939a0115b03c23aa"],"state_sha256":"b68df043e24d5ff85ab9868a56afd474c6d34dd0151c4ec1670fa640fa84a5f5"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZACNAfcCqtpyGpxkmH+tsNnKvYkTisf1ZzKW3UQlW+vTywsn4fxbvrh0U/vKLN8kWeyj0ay8RPGmA6nCnetzAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T23:48:35.853570Z","bundle_sha256":"4c92736afbbc308cad0b31db2b37c563456cda77f36efb8666e86a302de0294d"}}