{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:OPV5DRQM4SDBND3DRB5XP2RERX","short_pith_number":"pith:OPV5DRQM","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1812.02506","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2018-12-06T13:04:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3732ee42f9d72171ebd2a2bbdc13148dd1b8321d0755ce5f4aa38d862ee29e6d","abstract_canon_sha256":"2694ac93c3fb37e78b6f6cebc5c6376f17cbef9eed0bdb5087a920fbb3490137"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"73ebd1c60ce486168f63887b77ea248dc4c23551f0f4ff9ca9d8d121b1839e41","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1812.02506","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1812.02506","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1812.02506v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1812.02506","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OPV5DRQM4SDB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OPV5DRQM4SDBND3D","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OPV5DRQM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:OPV5DRQM4SDBND3DRB5XP2RERX","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1812.02506","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2018-12-06T13:04:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3732ee42f9d72171ebd2a2bbdc13148dd1b8321d0755ce5f4aa38d862ee29e6d","abstract_canon_sha256":"2694ac93c3fb37e78b6f6cebc5c6376f17cbef9eed0bdb5087a920fbb3490137"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"73ebd1c60ce486168f63887b77ea248dc4c23551f0f4ff9ca9d8d121b1839e41","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55.522334Z","signature_b64":"TPX8lozaP0MJZlHib1s7i/YI+S/3OO3FawfcPkMox8b1XYVBXdBXWN4QHRQMDoq/+bazs8DMQRe1O+a8aIxACQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"73ebd1c60ce486168f63887b77ea248dc4c23551f0f4ff9ca9d8d121b1839e41","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55.521908Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55.521908Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1812.02506","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"d0n/VL6fZ8jpX7He69wmwpyAvCqmAoExdk0Ooh4xpgfNLu5KRySAdXvUaV/x6YkaF2gaLBfaPpYRjcrmTTGrBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-21T15:05:41.575877Z"},"content_sha256":"3de3a14bc5216334149457142c50b1ce3e8162ecb82b91b9a72c04841e1098da","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3de3a14bc5216334149457142c50b1ce3e8162ecb82b91b9a72c04841e1098da"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:OPV5DRQM4SDBND3DRB5XP2RERX","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Sum Rate and Fairness Analysis for the MU-MIMO Downlink under PSK Signalling: Interference Suppression vs Exploitation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"eess.SP","authors_text":"Abdelhamid Salem, Christos Masouros, Kai-Kit Wong","submitted_at":"2018-12-06T13:04:12Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we analyze the sum rate performance of multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) systems, with a finite constellation phase-shift keying (PSK) input alphabet. We analytically calculate and compare the achievable sum rate in three downlink transmission scenarios: 1) without precoding, 2) with zero forcing (ZF) precoding 3) with closed form constructive interference (CI) precoding technique. In light of this, new analytical expressions for the average sum rate are derived in the three cases, and Monte Carlo simulations are provided throughout to validate the analysis. Fu"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1812.02506","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"v4haLmpSZiJ2LWP9DZOujb51hb9mUL4Fvs1NPxNp0p+z20CwnjV3fHQ4YxNaxYbb0AAA3TEzmZ5mUCRFg2fEAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-21T15:05:41.576344Z"},"content_sha256":"3feb1ccb3f73005e2b21336c3c53a43ab36f4c928685cfce2248ff519eb3950e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3feb1ccb3f73005e2b21336c3c53a43ab36f4c928685cfce2248ff519eb3950e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OPV5DRQM4SDBND3DRB5XP2RERX/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OPV5DRQM4SDBND3DRB5XP2RERX/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OPV5DRQM4SDBND3DRB5XP2RERX/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-21T15:05:41Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/OPV5DRQM4SDBND3DRB5XP2RERX","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/OPV5DRQM4SDBND3DRB5XP2RERX/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/OPV5DRQM4SDBND3DRB5XP2RERX/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OPV5DRQM4SDBND3DRB5XP2RERX/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:OPV5DRQM4SDBND3DRB5XP2RERX","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2694ac93c3fb37e78b6f6cebc5c6376f17cbef9eed0bdb5087a920fbb3490137","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2018-12-06T13:04:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"3732ee42f9d72171ebd2a2bbdc13148dd1b8321d0755ce5f4aa38d862ee29e6d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1812.02506","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1812.02506","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1812.02506v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1812.02506","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OPV5DRQM4SDB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OPV5DRQM4SDBND3D","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OPV5DRQM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3feb1ccb3f73005e2b21336c3c53a43ab36f4c928685cfce2248ff519eb3950e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we analyze the sum rate performance of multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) systems, with a finite constellation phase-shift keying (PSK) input alphabet. We analytically calculate and compare the achievable sum rate in three downlink transmission scenarios: 1) without precoding, 2) with zero forcing (ZF) precoding 3) with closed form constructive interference (CI) precoding technique. In light of this, new analytical expressions for the average sum rate are derived in the three cases, and Monte Carlo simulations are provided throughout to validate the analysis. Fu","authors_text":"Abdelhamid Salem, Christos Masouros, Kai-Kit Wong","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2018-12-06T13:04:12Z","title":"Sum Rate and Fairness Analysis for the MU-MIMO Downlink under PSK Signalling: Interference Suppression vs Exploitation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1812.02506","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3de3a14bc5216334149457142c50b1ce3e8162ecb82b91b9a72c04841e1098da","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2694ac93c3fb37e78b6f6cebc5c6376f17cbef9eed0bdb5087a920fbb3490137","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2018-12-06T13:04:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"3732ee42f9d72171ebd2a2bbdc13148dd1b8321d0755ce5f4aa38d862ee29e6d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1812.02506","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"73ebd1c60ce486168f63887b77ea248dc4c23551f0f4ff9ca9d8d121b1839e41","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"73ebd1c60ce486168f63887b77ea248dc4c23551f0f4ff9ca9d8d121b1839e41","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55.521908Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55.521908Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"TPX8lozaP0MJZlHib1s7i/YI+S/3OO3FawfcPkMox8b1XYVBXdBXWN4QHRQMDoq/+bazs8DMQRe1O+a8aIxACQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:58:55.522334Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1812.02506","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3de3a14bc5216334149457142c50b1ce3e8162ecb82b91b9a72c04841e1098da","sha256:3feb1ccb3f73005e2b21336c3c53a43ab36f4c928685cfce2248ff519eb3950e"],"state_sha256":"f1dffebfc84740284a5ca280975f9fac9d070be0f65597bb476aa8880ad46f99"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WBQWUbhJlOobmK9qnT7xkVo+JpS0ZaGy1iyfW+T3Cogn1wooGTySwztIcAJm9UQZxDH0ilWHLCO+HyOlRPrZCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-21T15:05:41.579038Z","bundle_sha256":"8d8aa9a0b0b5877f2fa77931070c063743cae02d523569ad48dcdf0666b78990"}}