{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2021:OS5KKPJ4BIAIPUGDJMRZLR2YLR","short_pith_number":"pith:OS5KKPJ4","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"74baa53d3c0a0087d0c34b2395c7585c41dc4b8d0ad2c75f57380b8a0e69f3fa","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2101.11628","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Spacetime Quantum Reference Frames and superpositions of proper times","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc"],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Flaminia Giacomini","submitted_at":"2021-01-27T19:00:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"In general relativity, the description of spacetime relies on idealised rods and clocks, which identify a reference frame. In any concrete scenario, reference frames are associated to physical systems, which are ultimately quantum in nature. A relativistic description of the laws of physics hence needs to take into account such quantum reference frames (QRFs), through which spacetime can be given an operational meaning. Here, we introduce the notion of a spacetime QRF, associated to a quantum particle in spacetime. Such formulation has the advantage of treating space and time on equal footing,"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2101.11628","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2021-01-27T19:00:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"title_canon_sha256":"5b54f478beda3bca2825bbe1dcf727ee2ef051a08aa84d50739d7575227533cc","abstract_canon_sha256":"b837c3e4d1b6a3487bee6861f5bba997b79d3d1c21d4382e8430b1ad683b0b69"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:13.603681Z","signature_b64":"K6CWO7au6gLqIJPjNdh72msVuHPObRVfhPVHdtYSOYgKuboYYWrMR2R03rT7g8q38Nt/LtkhEKbNBaE2VxDDBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"74baa53d3c0a0087d0c34b2395c7585c41dc4b8d0ad2c75f57380b8a0e69f3fa","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:13.603225Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:13.603225Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Spacetime Quantum Reference Frames and superpositions of proper times","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc"],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Flaminia Giacomini","submitted_at":"2021-01-27T19:00:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"In general relativity, the description of spacetime relies on idealised rods and clocks, which identify a reference frame. In any concrete scenario, reference frames are associated to physical systems, which are ultimately quantum in nature. A relativistic description of the laws of physics hence needs to take into account such quantum reference frames (QRFs), through which spacetime can be given an operational meaning. Here, we introduce the notion of a spacetime QRF, associated to a quantum particle in spacetime. Such formulation has the advantage of treating space and time on equal footing,"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2101.11628","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2101.11628/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2101.11628","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:13.603284+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2101.11628v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:13.603284+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2101.11628","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:13.603284+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OS5KKPJ4BIAI","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:13.603284+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OS5KKPJ4BIAIPUGD","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:13.603284+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OS5KKPJ4","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:13.603284+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":6,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.09344","citing_title":"Quantum Reference Fields Transformations in Linearized Quantum Gravity","ref_index":79,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.23862","citing_title":"Indefinite probabilities in quantum spacetime: A deepening of unpredictability","ref_index":40,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.23862","citing_title":"Indefinite probabilities in quantum spacetime: A deepening of unpredictability","ref_index":39,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2510.26589","citing_title":"Localization and anomalous reference frames in gravity","ref_index":41,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2511.03779","citing_title":"Cosmological Entanglement Entropy from the von Neumann Algebra of Double-Scaled SYK & Its Connection with Krylov Complexity","ref_index":194,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.01058","citing_title":"Universal $T$-matrices for quantum Poincar\\'e groups: contractions and quantum reference frames","ref_index":53,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/OS5KKPJ4BIAIPUGDJMRZLR2YLR","json":"https://pith.science/pith/OS5KKPJ4BIAIPUGDJMRZLR2YLR.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/OS5KKPJ4BIAIPUGDJMRZLR2YLR/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/OS5KKPJ4BIAIPUGDJMRZLR2YLR/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/OS5KKPJ4"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/OS5KKPJ4BIAIPUGDJMRZLR2YLR","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/OS5KKPJ4BIAIPUGDJMRZLR2YLR.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/OS5KKPJ4","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2101.11628&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/OS5KKPJ4BIAIPUGDJMRZLR2YLR/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/OS5KKPJ4BIAIPUGDJMRZLR2YLR/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/OS5KKPJ4BIAIPUGDJMRZLR2YLR/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/OS5KKPJ4BIAIPUGDJMRZLR2YLR/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/OS5KKPJ4BIAIPUGDJMRZLR2YLR/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/OS5KKPJ4BIAIPUGDJMRZLR2YLR/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/OS5KKPJ4BIAIPUGDJMRZLR2YLR/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:13.603284+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:13.603284+00:00"}