{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:OUZUPSKLBPUQL3GOO5RCLFBOCS","short_pith_number":"pith:OUZUPSKL","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2509.05259","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-09-05T17:18:17Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","cs.SY","eess.SY"],"title_canon_sha256":"7b4fe2672d3670f4ebb2e63decbb99221b6d3c38805150bb75f9478bfa4b610c","abstract_canon_sha256":"ff54455cd0f9edfd63caae8058e83d4f0b98f1c940cd4604e858bb86e97fcd5b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"753347c94b0be905ecce776225942e149710ec3d57c8e31fb36dbdf0da4c2795","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2509.05259","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2509.05259","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2509.05259v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2509.05259","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OUZUPSKLBPUQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OUZUPSKLBPUQL3GO","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OUZUPSKL","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:OUZUPSKLBPUQL3GOO5RCLFBOCS","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2509.05259","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-09-05T17:18:17Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","cs.SY","eess.SY"],"title_canon_sha256":"7b4fe2672d3670f4ebb2e63decbb99221b6d3c38805150bb75f9478bfa4b610c","abstract_canon_sha256":"ff54455cd0f9edfd63caae8058e83d4f0b98f1c940cd4604e858bb86e97fcd5b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"753347c94b0be905ecce776225942e149710ec3d57c8e31fb36dbdf0da4c2795","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38.400981Z","signature_b64":"Tn8n6J6HAK7/WinQ3joSsewjPTY5AquBv07E3qj9DoYQvG9ZVOMiNYxwkOer0CXmwfL4zUoGjMtbCN5C47coCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"753347c94b0be905ecce776225942e149710ec3d57c8e31fb36dbdf0da4c2795","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38.400478Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38.400478Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2509.05259","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KTUDNMP2OQb4k0OJVsoOxIEhMXQ2Omrza32keW+E7+8qQY+Ej02jxTFSd39Wv+b7emcpmlmTcfSzPc07L1x7Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-01T01:28:49.868125Z"},"content_sha256":"ee350720e3376554d082292dc12269eb0ed9b287d8303d2985a705f2f0245d31","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ee350720e3376554d082292dc12269eb0ed9b287d8303d2985a705f2f0245d31"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:OUZUPSKLBPUQL3GOO5RCLFBOCS","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Kolmogorov-Arnold Network for Interpretable Cyberattack Detection in AGC Systems","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CR","cs.SY","eess.SY"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Ahmad Mohammad Saber, Alok Paranjape, Amr Youssef, Deepa Kundur, Jehad Jilan, Niranjana Naveen Nambiar","submitted_at":"2025-09-05T17:18:17Z","abstract_excerpt":"Automatic Generation Control (AGC) is essential for power grid stability but remains vulnerable to stealthy cyberattacks, such as False Data Injection Attacks (FDIAs), which can disturb the system's stability while evading traditional detection methods. Unlike previous works that relied on blackbox approaches, this work proposes Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KAN) as an interpretable and accurate method for FDIA detection in AGC systems, considering the system nonlinearities. KAN models include a method for extracting symbolic equations, and are thus able to provide more interpretability than the"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2509.05259","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2509.05259/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8P4oFF9ORGQnl9y3V1wyYY4yNB9k2ta5BZxPuh2Kn/wbT/xM5qJdbHOpb4i+3gnD6uEwOakc6m5Y4cfjEZDrAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-01T01:28:49.870198Z"},"content_sha256":"73e7e37c9f11633182e3ce71e5aca90b278baf9b5bb230d3658db2b386c5ecc0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:73e7e37c9f11633182e3ce71e5aca90b278baf9b5bb230d3658db2b386c5ecc0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OUZUPSKLBPUQL3GOO5RCLFBOCS/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OUZUPSKLBPUQL3GOO5RCLFBOCS/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OUZUPSKLBPUQL3GOO5RCLFBOCS/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-01T01:28:49Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/OUZUPSKLBPUQL3GOO5RCLFBOCS","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/OUZUPSKLBPUQL3GOO5RCLFBOCS/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/OUZUPSKLBPUQL3GOO5RCLFBOCS/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OUZUPSKLBPUQL3GOO5RCLFBOCS/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:OUZUPSKLBPUQL3GOO5RCLFBOCS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ff54455cd0f9edfd63caae8058e83d4f0b98f1c940cd4604e858bb86e97fcd5b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","cs.SY","eess.SY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-09-05T17:18:17Z","title_canon_sha256":"7b4fe2672d3670f4ebb2e63decbb99221b6d3c38805150bb75f9478bfa4b610c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2509.05259","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2509.05259","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2509.05259v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2509.05259","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OUZUPSKLBPUQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OUZUPSKLBPUQL3GO","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OUZUPSKL","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:73e7e37c9f11633182e3ce71e5aca90b278baf9b5bb230d3658db2b386c5ecc0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2509.05259/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Automatic Generation Control (AGC) is essential for power grid stability but remains vulnerable to stealthy cyberattacks, such as False Data Injection Attacks (FDIAs), which can disturb the system's stability while evading traditional detection methods. Unlike previous works that relied on blackbox approaches, this work proposes Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KAN) as an interpretable and accurate method for FDIA detection in AGC systems, considering the system nonlinearities. KAN models include a method for extracting symbolic equations, and are thus able to provide more interpretability than the","authors_text":"Ahmad Mohammad Saber, Alok Paranjape, Amr Youssef, Deepa Kundur, Jehad Jilan, Niranjana Naveen Nambiar","cross_cats":["cs.CR","cs.SY","eess.SY"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-09-05T17:18:17Z","title":"A Kolmogorov-Arnold Network for Interpretable Cyberattack Detection in AGC Systems"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2509.05259","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ee350720e3376554d082292dc12269eb0ed9b287d8303d2985a705f2f0245d31","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ff54455cd0f9edfd63caae8058e83d4f0b98f1c940cd4604e858bb86e97fcd5b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","cs.SY","eess.SY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-09-05T17:18:17Z","title_canon_sha256":"7b4fe2672d3670f4ebb2e63decbb99221b6d3c38805150bb75f9478bfa4b610c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2509.05259","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"753347c94b0be905ecce776225942e149710ec3d57c8e31fb36dbdf0da4c2795","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"753347c94b0be905ecce776225942e149710ec3d57c8e31fb36dbdf0da4c2795","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38.400478Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38.400478Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Tn8n6J6HAK7/WinQ3joSsewjPTY5AquBv07E3qj9DoYQvG9ZVOMiNYxwkOer0CXmwfL4zUoGjMtbCN5C47coCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:38.400981Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2509.05259","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ee350720e3376554d082292dc12269eb0ed9b287d8303d2985a705f2f0245d31","sha256:73e7e37c9f11633182e3ce71e5aca90b278baf9b5bb230d3658db2b386c5ecc0"],"state_sha256":"713b491dba257ddde89bdec8979dc3f61d7ba5ab567bf58d5d30e172bfb8a82b"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PdgE76UWgyLWX8RuWZV3TjTAsfTvLMCpVxJJTkRQgXXuK7puhWWw81tjYGs3VAL+8bNbvTq7W0EHLmqz+OdLAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-01T01:28:49.880094Z","bundle_sha256":"13b9764249c30c2c36876db9b9cb94a02f1d2dcc5c01d4abec9062149da4e181"}}