{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:OV4Z757SS4R2C4Y6GRT4IXDT6P","short_pith_number":"pith:OV4Z757S","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1812.07922","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2018-12-19T13:04:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4c76e4d19826fd1439d0908d0b2b0f7ca6e9324914665b3f987da02bb4f943b5","abstract_canon_sha256":"394b89fa3862cf0e2d29de3b18812c530632508a57a1d8dd13a984e6f8ee1658"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"75799ff7f29723a1731e3467c45c73f3f53b3bfa352f3992d0df299d0d241d59","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1812.07922","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1812.07922","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1812.07922v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1812.07922","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OV4Z757SS4R2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OV4Z757SS4R2C4Y6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OV4Z757S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:OV4Z757SS4R2C4Y6GRT4IXDT6P","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1812.07922","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2018-12-19T13:04:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4c76e4d19826fd1439d0908d0b2b0f7ca6e9324914665b3f987da02bb4f943b5","abstract_canon_sha256":"394b89fa3862cf0e2d29de3b18812c530632508a57a1d8dd13a984e6f8ee1658"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"75799ff7f29723a1731e3467c45c73f3f53b3bfa352f3992d0df299d0d241d59","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:22.013182Z","signature_b64":"V7CUY5HEa/THzQXG/jU5AiPdwv9WUeEcWq97zyCiBG8OmEEkce+rX4cn+GSv8IRBds+QlXYDwhaKzb85FJqIAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"75799ff7f29723a1731e3467c45c73f3f53b3bfa352f3992d0df299d0d241d59","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:22.012619Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:22.012619Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1812.07922","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"IxCb1iFVTXbB/MgWYnmFLDMKJ4LFJL0XKT/JH13qcVlZ6z38EK9ILudQ9DzTUDy1vOEDwjR0hEG+24ETczM1Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-26T02:17:27.247396Z"},"content_sha256":"20167efc936bf54dcd58a7866195f4994223feaf9d40b3c610a9ef8ec43af777","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:20167efc936bf54dcd58a7866195f4994223feaf9d40b3c610a9ef8ec43af777"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:OV4Z757SS4R2C4Y6GRT4IXDT6P","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Multivalent \"Attacker & Guard\" Strategy for Targeting Surfaces with Low Receptor Density","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","authors_text":"Nicholas B. Tito","submitted_at":"2018-12-19T13:04:45Z","abstract_excerpt":"Multivalent particles, i.e. microscopic constructs having multiple ligands, can be used to target surfaces selectively depending on their receptor density. Typically, there is a sharp onset of multivalent binding as the receptor density exceeds a given threshold. However, the opposite case, selectively binding to surfaces with a receptor density below a given threshold, is much harder. Here, we present a simple strategy for selectively targeting a surface with a low density of receptors, within a system also having a surface with a higher density of the same receptors. Our strategy exploits co"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1812.07922","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KzjSQ9auiVpscci58b02OaA8CBaSwQFPpKDt+lzhlHTUXJkM2BeymltTGG6qtOJk2iiG/haXshDBl4p7JiAsAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-26T02:17:27.247877Z"},"content_sha256":"df6cf69dfb593763df0d37e27b8c4ee249bebd691e8333b8b5633ecdb8fd314b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:df6cf69dfb593763df0d37e27b8c4ee249bebd691e8333b8b5633ecdb8fd314b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OV4Z757SS4R2C4Y6GRT4IXDT6P/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OV4Z757SS4R2C4Y6GRT4IXDT6P/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OV4Z757SS4R2C4Y6GRT4IXDT6P/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-26T02:17:27Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/OV4Z757SS4R2C4Y6GRT4IXDT6P","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/OV4Z757SS4R2C4Y6GRT4IXDT6P/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/OV4Z757SS4R2C4Y6GRT4IXDT6P/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OV4Z757SS4R2C4Y6GRT4IXDT6P/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:OV4Z757SS4R2C4Y6GRT4IXDT6P","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"394b89fa3862cf0e2d29de3b18812c530632508a57a1d8dd13a984e6f8ee1658","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2018-12-19T13:04:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"4c76e4d19826fd1439d0908d0b2b0f7ca6e9324914665b3f987da02bb4f943b5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1812.07922","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1812.07922","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1812.07922v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1812.07922","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OV4Z757SS4R2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OV4Z757SS4R2C4Y6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OV4Z757S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:df6cf69dfb593763df0d37e27b8c4ee249bebd691e8333b8b5633ecdb8fd314b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Multivalent particles, i.e. microscopic constructs having multiple ligands, can be used to target surfaces selectively depending on their receptor density. Typically, there is a sharp onset of multivalent binding as the receptor density exceeds a given threshold. However, the opposite case, selectively binding to surfaces with a receptor density below a given threshold, is much harder. Here, we present a simple strategy for selectively targeting a surface with a low density of receptors, within a system also having a surface with a higher density of the same receptors. Our strategy exploits co","authors_text":"Nicholas B. Tito","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2018-12-19T13:04:45Z","title":"Multivalent \"Attacker & Guard\" Strategy for Targeting Surfaces with Low Receptor Density"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1812.07922","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:20167efc936bf54dcd58a7866195f4994223feaf9d40b3c610a9ef8ec43af777","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"394b89fa3862cf0e2d29de3b18812c530632508a57a1d8dd13a984e6f8ee1658","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2018-12-19T13:04:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"4c76e4d19826fd1439d0908d0b2b0f7ca6e9324914665b3f987da02bb4f943b5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1812.07922","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"75799ff7f29723a1731e3467c45c73f3f53b3bfa352f3992d0df299d0d241d59","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"75799ff7f29723a1731e3467c45c73f3f53b3bfa352f3992d0df299d0d241d59","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:22.012619Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:22.012619Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"V7CUY5HEa/THzQXG/jU5AiPdwv9WUeEcWq97zyCiBG8OmEEkce+rX4cn+GSv8IRBds+QlXYDwhaKzb85FJqIAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:22.013182Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1812.07922","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:20167efc936bf54dcd58a7866195f4994223feaf9d40b3c610a9ef8ec43af777","sha256:df6cf69dfb593763df0d37e27b8c4ee249bebd691e8333b8b5633ecdb8fd314b"],"state_sha256":"01859407a24e044a0badee51ad6166abe0405091710f4edf1bfb68db338cb185"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"osNT3YXsQQqJ3LQKuRfbPI9hsKWp5MiwM1ihJUZn3jsjX7TNf2InOesYSorGm1psdVaKhp3KwIEesXVLOz18CA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-26T02:17:27.250427Z","bundle_sha256":"93373a3247e82c83a049d2c42e520084f8636cf798a2a0c8ac9e03dfe23b0e1f"}}