{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:P33TZNQVSO7OIM7PATWIYCEBDK","short_pith_number":"pith:P33TZNQV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2502.17270","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-02-24T15:54:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC","cs.MA"],"title_canon_sha256":"12963a34919c56c4850bc971f2fa14dde1c38c69d3cf288dd743bd741bac89c6","abstract_canon_sha256":"1451427b223ac862810c65e41c4cbd604e6877bd1f98ab4ceb968f025cc39877"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7ef73cb61593bee433ef04ec8c08811a84453c891e578190bca7f9b13631b0e9","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2502.17270","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2502.17270","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2502.17270v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2502.17270","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"P33TZNQVSO7O","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"P33TZNQVSO7OIM7P","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"P33TZNQV","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:P33TZNQVSO7OIM7PATWIYCEBDK","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2502.17270","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-02-24T15:54:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC","cs.MA"],"title_canon_sha256":"12963a34919c56c4850bc971f2fa14dde1c38c69d3cf288dd743bd741bac89c6","abstract_canon_sha256":"1451427b223ac862810c65e41c4cbd604e6877bd1f98ab4ceb968f025cc39877"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7ef73cb61593bee433ef04ec8c08811a84453c891e578190bca7f9b13631b0e9","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54.729954Z","signature_b64":"qZODGCEFeczBL72gRcQYdHOvVriRRmwrlUEmouTWuBaYrOpSWN0dBsTqSRn4lqTrbzu10i7SSb8m2rYC4NWOBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7ef73cb61593bee433ef04ec8c08811a84453c891e578190bca7f9b13631b0e9","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54.729493Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54.729493Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2502.17270","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nyWPaJRZf4dVj9m8UzwSc959uza5oNYP3cw/Pl7BgZ/loF3psFw8jWgmwyrG0OyF1qHPSlmDUG+7/tJyzpOSCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-11T20:53:16.238046Z"},"content_sha256":"13343c8f72e9e3ba96b542fddef9a2fc479028e1d100495db9911cab6f7c9de2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:13343c8f72e9e3ba96b542fddef9a2fc479028e1d100495db9911cab6f7c9de2"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:P33TZNQVSO7OIM7PATWIYCEBDK","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Order Fairness Evaluation of DAG-based ledgers","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.DC","cs.MA"],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Erwan Mahe, Sara Tucci-Piergiovanni","submitted_at":"2025-02-24T15:54:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"Order fairness in distributed ledgers refers to properties that relate the order in which transactions are sent or received to the order in which they are eventually finalized, i.e., totally ordered. The study of such properties is relatively new and has been especially stimulated by the rise of Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) attacks in blockchain environments. Indeed, in many classical blockchain protocols, leaders are responsible for selecting the transactions to be included in blocks, which creates a clear vulnerability and opportunity for transaction order manipulation.\n  Unlike blockchai"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2502.17270","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2502.17270/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1LOgJgVkwrF94q6ZKKzIU3H0bLapvf65Wi3pg0Xxep1xup4VACj3UzHJiN73Xgk7AUpuE85h5J3s/ffIN2f+Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-11T20:53:16.238435Z"},"content_sha256":"89d6ec627e47c1f61cc751904e963af1362f3e201bb6119d5c01d3cc40450b8e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:89d6ec627e47c1f61cc751904e963af1362f3e201bb6119d5c01d3cc40450b8e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/P33TZNQVSO7OIM7PATWIYCEBDK/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/P33TZNQVSO7OIM7PATWIYCEBDK/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/P33TZNQVSO7OIM7PATWIYCEBDK/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-11T20:53:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/P33TZNQVSO7OIM7PATWIYCEBDK","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/P33TZNQVSO7OIM7PATWIYCEBDK/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/P33TZNQVSO7OIM7PATWIYCEBDK/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/P33TZNQVSO7OIM7PATWIYCEBDK/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:P33TZNQVSO7OIM7PATWIYCEBDK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1451427b223ac862810c65e41c4cbd604e6877bd1f98ab4ceb968f025cc39877","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC","cs.MA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-02-24T15:54:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"12963a34919c56c4850bc971f2fa14dde1c38c69d3cf288dd743bd741bac89c6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2502.17270","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2502.17270","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2502.17270v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2502.17270","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"P33TZNQVSO7O","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"P33TZNQVSO7OIM7P","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"P33TZNQV","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:89d6ec627e47c1f61cc751904e963af1362f3e201bb6119d5c01d3cc40450b8e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2502.17270/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Order fairness in distributed ledgers refers to properties that relate the order in which transactions are sent or received to the order in which they are eventually finalized, i.e., totally ordered. The study of such properties is relatively new and has been especially stimulated by the rise of Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) attacks in blockchain environments. Indeed, in many classical blockchain protocols, leaders are responsible for selecting the transactions to be included in blocks, which creates a clear vulnerability and opportunity for transaction order manipulation.\n  Unlike blockchai","authors_text":"Erwan Mahe, Sara Tucci-Piergiovanni","cross_cats":["cs.DC","cs.MA"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-02-24T15:54:02Z","title":"Order Fairness Evaluation of DAG-based ledgers"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2502.17270","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:13343c8f72e9e3ba96b542fddef9a2fc479028e1d100495db9911cab6f7c9de2","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1451427b223ac862810c65e41c4cbd604e6877bd1f98ab4ceb968f025cc39877","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC","cs.MA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-02-24T15:54:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"12963a34919c56c4850bc971f2fa14dde1c38c69d3cf288dd743bd741bac89c6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2502.17270","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"7ef73cb61593bee433ef04ec8c08811a84453c891e578190bca7f9b13631b0e9","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7ef73cb61593bee433ef04ec8c08811a84453c891e578190bca7f9b13631b0e9","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54.729493Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54.729493Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"qZODGCEFeczBL72gRcQYdHOvVriRRmwrlUEmouTWuBaYrOpSWN0dBsTqSRn4lqTrbzu10i7SSb8m2rYC4NWOBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:31:54.729954Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2502.17270","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:13343c8f72e9e3ba96b542fddef9a2fc479028e1d100495db9911cab6f7c9de2","sha256:89d6ec627e47c1f61cc751904e963af1362f3e201bb6119d5c01d3cc40450b8e"],"state_sha256":"f8f60a7bdec8168e6ca02f3805052af50e296855c13154c229e8ae8e2696fc5e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ttTjrhSxqXd8Wj/CYN78pGkD0YGXerl0ibIQBqg2YuLp4Mak1YATsH9OepgIBuyiMR51hF4zALKbBZ3T749wBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-11T20:53:16.240648Z","bundle_sha256":"90d313adfe85504b77652c2a127895fc18c573439ae26160a30c2d950082fe61"}}