{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:P4523NGE7HMCSHX6BFJK5ATJE3","short_pith_number":"pith:P4523NGE","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1107.0332","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2011-07-01T20:38:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"title_canon_sha256":"9fb7e56e85e714f5e7f940833c04c541d97c1a3221b35499e2287fc83ed8d486","abstract_canon_sha256":"b726a291bcfca036501b9b213fa3c7670ce0adc70da174c4d58656be7355cea9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7f3badb4c4f9d8291efe0952ae826926fd0a7f078cbc3151ddf719679ec82617","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1107.0332","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1107.0332","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:35:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1107.0332v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:35:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1107.0332","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:35:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"P4523NGE7HMC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"P4523NGE7HMCSHX6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"P4523NGE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:P4523NGE7HMCSHX6BFJK5ATJE3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1107.0332","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2011-07-01T20:38:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"title_canon_sha256":"9fb7e56e85e714f5e7f940833c04c541d97c1a3221b35499e2287fc83ed8d486","abstract_canon_sha256":"b726a291bcfca036501b9b213fa3c7670ce0adc70da174c4d58656be7355cea9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7f3badb4c4f9d8291efe0952ae826926fd0a7f078cbc3151ddf719679ec82617","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:35:18.927630Z","signature_b64":"LazE0uX8j0HN5fFq+rML7btwWV7KZrvoDACjHe9TxRryvfptrJwitSSMeAxzIYbNEeAOX/8a1TOvHsEtuBTNDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7f3badb4c4f9d8291efe0952ae826926fd0a7f078cbc3151ddf719679ec82617","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:35:18.927089Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:35:18.927089Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1107.0332","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:35:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bJ0LQdm8pPgRyi3jXW69a4C4QVPJEAbZ+b8Npq6FeP1SWGHiv7G6BTB/HUFmHVYPG4Y6U6jjAezbtSGXpemKAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T19:09:03.629142Z"},"content_sha256":"854d47cf170a1653e0ec19c669de6437d6984660bf9bb5ee020ab04abba2a2f7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:854d47cf170a1653e0ec19c669de6437d6984660bf9bb5ee020ab04abba2a2f7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:P4523NGE7HMCSHX6BFJK5ATJE3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The role of gauge symmetry in spintronics","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"R. F. Sobreiro, V. J. Vasquez Otoya","submitted_at":"2011-07-01T20:38:51Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this work we employ a field theoretical approach to explain the nature of the non-conserved spin current in spintronics. In particular, we consider the usual U(1) gauge theory for the electromagnetism at classical level in order to obtain the broken continuity equation involving the spin current and spin-transfer torque. Inspired in the recent work of A. Vernes, B. L. Gyorffy and P. Weinberger where they obtain such equation in terms of relativistic quantum mechanics, we formalize their result in terms of the well known currents of field theory such as the Bargmann-Wigner current and the ch"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1107.0332","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:35:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QoqTgt6uN8mWlrIby7uh7zIdG3ibdPZv953vqwux8xi4xU6KP4RnYO0oWUAjqal0rk+WOZz3gpLBGZmnIUMpDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T19:09:03.629503Z"},"content_sha256":"4dba211ea6495fd32638c6d0d2d1eb24736cda213fa114e85fc2907ca5b7bf52","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4dba211ea6495fd32638c6d0d2d1eb24736cda213fa114e85fc2907ca5b7bf52"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/P4523NGE7HMCSHX6BFJK5ATJE3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/P4523NGE7HMCSHX6BFJK5ATJE3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/P4523NGE7HMCSHX6BFJK5ATJE3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T19:09:03Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/P4523NGE7HMCSHX6BFJK5ATJE3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/P4523NGE7HMCSHX6BFJK5ATJE3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/P4523NGE7HMCSHX6BFJK5ATJE3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/P4523NGE7HMCSHX6BFJK5ATJE3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:P4523NGE7HMCSHX6BFJK5ATJE3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b726a291bcfca036501b9b213fa3c7670ce0adc70da174c4d58656be7355cea9","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2011-07-01T20:38:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"9fb7e56e85e714f5e7f940833c04c541d97c1a3221b35499e2287fc83ed8d486"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1107.0332","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1107.0332","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:35:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1107.0332v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:35:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1107.0332","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:35:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"P4523NGE7HMC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"P4523NGE7HMCSHX6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"P4523NGE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:39Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4dba211ea6495fd32638c6d0d2d1eb24736cda213fa114e85fc2907ca5b7bf52","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:35:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this work we employ a field theoretical approach to explain the nature of the non-conserved spin current in spintronics. In particular, we consider the usual U(1) gauge theory for the electromagnetism at classical level in order to obtain the broken continuity equation involving the spin current and spin-transfer torque. Inspired in the recent work of A. Vernes, B. L. Gyorffy and P. Weinberger where they obtain such equation in terms of relativistic quantum mechanics, we formalize their result in terms of the well known currents of field theory such as the Bargmann-Wigner current and the ch","authors_text":"R. F. Sobreiro, V. J. Vasquez Otoya","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2011-07-01T20:38:51Z","title":"The role of gauge symmetry in spintronics"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1107.0332","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:854d47cf170a1653e0ec19c669de6437d6984660bf9bb5ee020ab04abba2a2f7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:35:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b726a291bcfca036501b9b213fa3c7670ce0adc70da174c4d58656be7355cea9","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2011-07-01T20:38:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"9fb7e56e85e714f5e7f940833c04c541d97c1a3221b35499e2287fc83ed8d486"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1107.0332","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"7f3badb4c4f9d8291efe0952ae826926fd0a7f078cbc3151ddf719679ec82617","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7f3badb4c4f9d8291efe0952ae826926fd0a7f078cbc3151ddf719679ec82617","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:35:18.927089Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:35:18.927089Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"LazE0uX8j0HN5fFq+rML7btwWV7KZrvoDACjHe9TxRryvfptrJwitSSMeAxzIYbNEeAOX/8a1TOvHsEtuBTNDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:35:18.927630Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1107.0332","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:854d47cf170a1653e0ec19c669de6437d6984660bf9bb5ee020ab04abba2a2f7","sha256:4dba211ea6495fd32638c6d0d2d1eb24736cda213fa114e85fc2907ca5b7bf52"],"state_sha256":"534bb85f031727e02d7d2ee8ba103385b62904934049a346bc583b94cd26ab1c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vV339WgDWxwFrOMQXkoAewnLbLDpHcwT9atowVvFPwnkAOKQnXN4QzT/G9tQHqIoMfl1wETqrI+Dw3FLvvScBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T19:09:03.631431Z","bundle_sha256":"99b7320e7c6bd04e7689ce36249304adcb223e0e4791fd9894a1881204f37a15"}}