{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:P4RHGU5IE7XTHEMCP2VRF6CRYE","short_pith_number":"pith:P4RHGU5I","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1407.7600","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.NC","submitted_at":"2014-07-28T23:46:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.soft","physics.bio-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"cd99d99e1ee339fb6b0d3a3da94bac28587bc55a346257625d1b7392691b2cec","abstract_canon_sha256":"771f0d1c8741951905a90194ff0032c48f5841023ec6dc5976a9a2b971a09c7d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7f227353a827ef3391827eab12f851c105b1e86a806909eb6c6c57dd06772423","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1407.7600","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1407.7600","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1407.7600v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1407.7600","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"P4RHGU5IE7XT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"P4RHGU5IE7XTHEMC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"P4RHGU5I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:P4RHGU5IE7XTHEMCP2VRF6CRYE","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1407.7600","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.NC","submitted_at":"2014-07-28T23:46:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.soft","physics.bio-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"cd99d99e1ee339fb6b0d3a3da94bac28587bc55a346257625d1b7392691b2cec","abstract_canon_sha256":"771f0d1c8741951905a90194ff0032c48f5841023ec6dc5976a9a2b971a09c7d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7f227353a827ef3391827eab12f851c105b1e86a806909eb6c6c57dd06772423","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:29.018014Z","signature_b64":"Vh4LaPCs9WU6+n8jE9tjcqc7F5tHrlu3tEGMBqFyx78T6ZKIC4hCDN+KeqH6TDUj4MnZYHKNOqZuaQQYgzyzBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7f227353a827ef3391827eab12f851c105b1e86a806909eb6c6c57dd06772423","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:29.017301Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:29.017301Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1407.7600","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"n4sXCYGGT7UqFZXbe99EDJ1qnpJo3BoJc80J2H4OM3gRhdygQThjFo0vKYw2BAuzHdxK2w3R9MCqJfj5wVVKBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T08:14:39.747724Z"},"content_sha256":"270aefa22ad5527a9ab1283d2a5d512cbf7775eec0c08e7b734c3e385fbf3674","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:270aefa22ad5527a9ab1283d2a5d512cbf7775eec0c08e7b734c3e385fbf3674"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:P4RHGU5IE7XTHEMCP2VRF6CRYE","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Mechanical Surface Waves Accompany Action Potential Propagation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.soft","physics.bio-ph"],"primary_cat":"q-bio.NC","authors_text":"Ahmed El Hady, Benjamin B. Machta","submitted_at":"2014-07-28T23:46:21Z","abstract_excerpt":"Many studies have shown that a mechanical displacement of the axonal membrane accompanies the electrical pulse defining the Action Potential (AP). Despite a large and diverse body of experimental evidence, there is no theoretical consensus either for the physical basis of this mechanical wave nor its interdependence with the electrical signal. In this manuscript we present a model for these mechanical displacements as arising from the driving of surface wave modes in which potential energy is stored in elastic properties of the neuronal membrane and cytoskeleton while kinetic energy is carried"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1407.7600","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"O7IhI9Zc9hVQiIXPwt2cmcIWx3UtOHUkZ/y7j3u9Kp1btPgerVCrL6nNpxgb5+empF4C30vvTNrPP0/fgyzECQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T08:14:39.748063Z"},"content_sha256":"04ff764a0c96c04fe49f36d9efa3644ce3a1f5e224ee0c0a6dc287bfbfc13b34","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:04ff764a0c96c04fe49f36d9efa3644ce3a1f5e224ee0c0a6dc287bfbfc13b34"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/P4RHGU5IE7XTHEMCP2VRF6CRYE/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/P4RHGU5IE7XTHEMCP2VRF6CRYE/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/P4RHGU5IE7XTHEMCP2VRF6CRYE/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T08:14:39Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/P4RHGU5IE7XTHEMCP2VRF6CRYE","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/P4RHGU5IE7XTHEMCP2VRF6CRYE/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/P4RHGU5IE7XTHEMCP2VRF6CRYE/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/P4RHGU5IE7XTHEMCP2VRF6CRYE/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:P4RHGU5IE7XTHEMCP2VRF6CRYE","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"771f0d1c8741951905a90194ff0032c48f5841023ec6dc5976a9a2b971a09c7d","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.soft","physics.bio-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.NC","submitted_at":"2014-07-28T23:46:21Z","title_canon_sha256":"cd99d99e1ee339fb6b0d3a3da94bac28587bc55a346257625d1b7392691b2cec"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1407.7600","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1407.7600","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1407.7600v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1407.7600","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"P4RHGU5IE7XT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"P4RHGU5IE7XTHEMC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"P4RHGU5I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:04ff764a0c96c04fe49f36d9efa3644ce3a1f5e224ee0c0a6dc287bfbfc13b34","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Many studies have shown that a mechanical displacement of the axonal membrane accompanies the electrical pulse defining the Action Potential (AP). Despite a large and diverse body of experimental evidence, there is no theoretical consensus either for the physical basis of this mechanical wave nor its interdependence with the electrical signal. In this manuscript we present a model for these mechanical displacements as arising from the driving of surface wave modes in which potential energy is stored in elastic properties of the neuronal membrane and cytoskeleton while kinetic energy is carried","authors_text":"Ahmed El Hady, Benjamin B. Machta","cross_cats":["cond-mat.soft","physics.bio-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.NC","submitted_at":"2014-07-28T23:46:21Z","title":"Mechanical Surface Waves Accompany Action Potential Propagation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1407.7600","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:270aefa22ad5527a9ab1283d2a5d512cbf7775eec0c08e7b734c3e385fbf3674","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"771f0d1c8741951905a90194ff0032c48f5841023ec6dc5976a9a2b971a09c7d","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.soft","physics.bio-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.NC","submitted_at":"2014-07-28T23:46:21Z","title_canon_sha256":"cd99d99e1ee339fb6b0d3a3da94bac28587bc55a346257625d1b7392691b2cec"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1407.7600","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"7f227353a827ef3391827eab12f851c105b1e86a806909eb6c6c57dd06772423","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7f227353a827ef3391827eab12f851c105b1e86a806909eb6c6c57dd06772423","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:29.017301Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:29.017301Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Vh4LaPCs9WU6+n8jE9tjcqc7F5tHrlu3tEGMBqFyx78T6ZKIC4hCDN+KeqH6TDUj4MnZYHKNOqZuaQQYgzyzBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:29.018014Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1407.7600","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:270aefa22ad5527a9ab1283d2a5d512cbf7775eec0c08e7b734c3e385fbf3674","sha256:04ff764a0c96c04fe49f36d9efa3644ce3a1f5e224ee0c0a6dc287bfbfc13b34"],"state_sha256":"605a7bb3f2aa33c28648ea6fbd53b72e7fc246a460d9bd3c7016f6655afb6dbc"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1RL36mbjYHu2kgh37EnShvG/WxdeBxT9QAJ9SozTgZZUDcTyVIh2MjRFphE4WcLCTWia7TgHirhqd3SIO060CA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T08:14:39.749990Z","bundle_sha256":"f42d16c3b11df616d6665d1f01e2257952485315aaca2f497b64c679d3d14f03"}}