{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2024:P6RRGAJWJBN5HQJVRPNTCUBFDU","short_pith_number":"pith:P6RRGAJW","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"7fa3130136485bd3c1358bdb3150251d1ffcb8817bb7188e032096f09a56611f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2401.04800","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Phases of theories with $\\mathbb{Z}_N$ 1-form symmetry and the roles of center vortices and magnetic monopoles","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.str-el","hep-lat"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Mendel Nguyen, Mithat \\\"Unsal, Tin Sulejmanpasic","submitted_at":"2024-01-09T19:49:52Z","abstract_excerpt":"We analyze the phases of theories which only have a microscopic $\\mathbb{Z}_N$ 1-form symmetry, starting with a topological BF theory and deforming it in accordance with microscopic symmetry. These theories have a well-defined notion of confinement. Prototypical examples are pure $SU(N)$ gauge theories and $\\mathbb{Z}_N$ lattice gauge theories. Our analysis shows that the only generic phases are in $d=2$, only the confined phase; in $d=3$, both the confined phase and the topological BF phase; and in $d=4$, the confined phase, the topological BF phase, and a phase with a massless photon. We con"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2401.04800","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2024-01-09T19:49:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.str-el","hep-lat"],"title_canon_sha256":"52462f9f3f9da2c93411ded1bb065293b9fd07694031c24cfc7e491c54ea3ad3","abstract_canon_sha256":"a1d1df6615ffc5763aa3502cd7ccf4ee6dcb75f4e583b8d3ec220303bb36436f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:58:26.472481Z","signature_b64":"C35k5fvbLR0+31q6MEQGsyY2O5qUMax8vumm5GLjNeNriHhJpNTbJj37kWnw9/LieuNSto0Uvtb4YRfEWOXnBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7fa3130136485bd3c1358bdb3150251d1ffcb8817bb7188e032096f09a56611f","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:58:26.471961Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:58:26.471961Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Phases of theories with $\\mathbb{Z}_N$ 1-form symmetry and the roles of center vortices and magnetic monopoles","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.str-el","hep-lat"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Mendel Nguyen, Mithat \\\"Unsal, Tin Sulejmanpasic","submitted_at":"2024-01-09T19:49:52Z","abstract_excerpt":"We analyze the phases of theories which only have a microscopic $\\mathbb{Z}_N$ 1-form symmetry, starting with a topological BF theory and deforming it in accordance with microscopic symmetry. These theories have a well-defined notion of confinement. Prototypical examples are pure $SU(N)$ gauge theories and $\\mathbb{Z}_N$ lattice gauge theories. Our analysis shows that the only generic phases are in $d=2$, only the confined phase; in $d=3$, both the confined phase and the topological BF phase; and in $d=4$, the confined phase, the topological BF phase, and a phase with a massless photon. We con"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2401.04800","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2401.04800/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2401.04800","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:58:26.472023+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2401.04800v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:58:26.472023+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2401.04800","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:58:26.472023+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"P6RRGAJWJBN5","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:58:26.472023+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"P6RRGAJWJBN5HQJV","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:58:26.472023+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"P6RRGAJW","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:58:26.472023+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":4,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.22078","citing_title":"Metamorphosis of fractional instantons on a twisted $T^4$ with a double-trace deformation: a numerical study","ref_index":59,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.17708","citing_title":"Monopoles, Center Vortices, Confinement in (3+1)d, and the Lens-Space Twisted Partition Function","ref_index":51,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2601.19520","citing_title":"Intrinsic Width of the Flux Tube as a tool to explore confining mechanisms in Lattice Gauge Theories","ref_index":58,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2507.10459","citing_title":"Discrete $p$-Form Symmetry and Higher Coulomb Phases","ref_index":1,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/P6RRGAJWJBN5HQJVRPNTCUBFDU","json":"https://pith.science/pith/P6RRGAJWJBN5HQJVRPNTCUBFDU.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/P6RRGAJWJBN5HQJVRPNTCUBFDU/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/P6RRGAJWJBN5HQJVRPNTCUBFDU/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/P6RRGAJW"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/P6RRGAJWJBN5HQJVRPNTCUBFDU","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/P6RRGAJWJBN5HQJVRPNTCUBFDU.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/P6RRGAJW","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2401.04800&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/P6RRGAJWJBN5HQJVRPNTCUBFDU/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/P6RRGAJWJBN5HQJVRPNTCUBFDU/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/P6RRGAJWJBN5HQJVRPNTCUBFDU/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/P6RRGAJWJBN5HQJVRPNTCUBFDU/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/P6RRGAJWJBN5HQJVRPNTCUBFDU/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/P6RRGAJWJBN5HQJVRPNTCUBFDU/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/P6RRGAJWJBN5HQJVRPNTCUBFDU/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:58:26.472023+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T07:58:26.472023+00:00"}