{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2005:P7DQGAO2GWKBZOAS6FR6RHMMGD","short_pith_number":"pith:P7DQGAO2","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"quant-ph/0512197","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2005-12-22T13:04:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"723a0f4f2baa5ac3ce389357e1d10af0a39721895b86b5b7b57c61ffe6e58a02","abstract_canon_sha256":"4d18d0a898311110671429ca20f6a881e805cc4e1af1b355e11270ec3726eae3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7fc70301da35941cb812f163e89d8c30e4c9e230beab22fe3a6b44d00bee2c8c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"quant-ph/0512197","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"quant-ph/0512197","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"quant-ph/0512197v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0512197","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"P7DQGAO2GWKB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"P7DQGAO2GWKBZOAS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"P7DQGAO2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2005:P7DQGAO2GWKBZOAS6FR6RHMMGD","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"quant-ph/0512197","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2005-12-22T13:04:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"723a0f4f2baa5ac3ce389357e1d10af0a39721895b86b5b7b57c61ffe6e58a02","abstract_canon_sha256":"4d18d0a898311110671429ca20f6a881e805cc4e1af1b355e11270ec3726eae3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7fc70301da35941cb812f163e89d8c30e4c9e230beab22fe3a6b44d00bee2c8c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:45.569870Z","signature_b64":"0x5jlUPYkltgzNZHFmZW/Vcn65pPuslQ31KxWtp8NAPdgUzZ5WgKQM5wyfuwjsjZZeQTdiT/hvQ+PscXnMBlBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7fc70301da35941cb812f163e89d8c30e4c9e230beab22fe3a6b44d00bee2c8c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:45.569460Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:45.569460Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"quant-ph/0512197","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zuftYiFwyS07XUeoE1CsB88NnuaDU/3hrGfNDjiNNNeH77m8ObLuhFQNZ0eMS9wF8lqfuMxXePvrOHNjVJWaCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T06:57:38.037781Z"},"content_sha256":"6ddb73a68f6da97e85b89d44ce454aac535d54ff37de4861b77e308187660efa","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6ddb73a68f6da97e85b89d44ce454aac535d54ff37de4861b77e308187660efa"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2005:P7DQGAO2GWKBZOAS6FR6RHMMGD","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Measurable entanglement","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Alexander Klyachko, Alexander S. Shumovsky, Bar{\\i}\\c{s} \\\"Oztop","submitted_at":"2005-12-22T13:04:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"Amount of entanglement carried by a quantum bipartite state is usually evaluated in terms of concurrence (see Ref. 1). We give a physical interpretation of concurrence that reveals a way of its direct measurement and discuss possible generalizations."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"quant-ph/0512197","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"U4WNejo1heqViI62tdLizDKESehxQl/laWv+1ZUMkvQ7udIB+ymYWrn8wfn6UyB5av/4G7QHNvFQWLCBduPABA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T06:57:38.038144Z"},"content_sha256":"9ad3e8a0c215bd98fb8e72b6753a40bf3192a5de3b8efd8b7a13d2813d9d117a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9ad3e8a0c215bd98fb8e72b6753a40bf3192a5de3b8efd8b7a13d2813d9d117a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/P7DQGAO2GWKBZOAS6FR6RHMMGD/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/P7DQGAO2GWKBZOAS6FR6RHMMGD/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/P7DQGAO2GWKBZOAS6FR6RHMMGD/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T06:57:38Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/P7DQGAO2GWKBZOAS6FR6RHMMGD","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/P7DQGAO2GWKBZOAS6FR6RHMMGD/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/P7DQGAO2GWKBZOAS6FR6RHMMGD/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/P7DQGAO2GWKBZOAS6FR6RHMMGD/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2005:P7DQGAO2GWKBZOAS6FR6RHMMGD","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4d18d0a898311110671429ca20f6a881e805cc4e1af1b355e11270ec3726eae3","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2005-12-22T13:04:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"723a0f4f2baa5ac3ce389357e1d10af0a39721895b86b5b7b57c61ffe6e58a02"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"quant-ph/0512197","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"quant-ph/0512197","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"quant-ph/0512197v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0512197","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"P7DQGAO2GWKB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"P7DQGAO2GWKBZOAS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"P7DQGAO2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9ad3e8a0c215bd98fb8e72b6753a40bf3192a5de3b8efd8b7a13d2813d9d117a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Amount of entanglement carried by a quantum bipartite state is usually evaluated in terms of concurrence (see Ref. 1). We give a physical interpretation of concurrence that reveals a way of its direct measurement and discuss possible generalizations.","authors_text":"Alexander Klyachko, Alexander S. Shumovsky, Bar{\\i}\\c{s} \\\"Oztop","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2005-12-22T13:04:48Z","title":"Measurable entanglement"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"quant-ph/0512197","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6ddb73a68f6da97e85b89d44ce454aac535d54ff37de4861b77e308187660efa","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4d18d0a898311110671429ca20f6a881e805cc4e1af1b355e11270ec3726eae3","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2005-12-22T13:04:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"723a0f4f2baa5ac3ce389357e1d10af0a39721895b86b5b7b57c61ffe6e58a02"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"quant-ph/0512197","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"7fc70301da35941cb812f163e89d8c30e4c9e230beab22fe3a6b44d00bee2c8c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7fc70301da35941cb812f163e89d8c30e4c9e230beab22fe3a6b44d00bee2c8c","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:45.569460Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:45.569460Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"0x5jlUPYkltgzNZHFmZW/Vcn65pPuslQ31KxWtp8NAPdgUzZ5WgKQM5wyfuwjsjZZeQTdiT/hvQ+PscXnMBlBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:45.569870Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"quant-ph/0512197","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6ddb73a68f6da97e85b89d44ce454aac535d54ff37de4861b77e308187660efa","sha256:9ad3e8a0c215bd98fb8e72b6753a40bf3192a5de3b8efd8b7a13d2813d9d117a"],"state_sha256":"55fae21376e029804fa25c69ee20f53a22b0a17a0b297e2cb19b0fc42a119fae"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ti4szfPcHzz2PmIF0H1ClyHKJZg76ET+vXkWQjZlRv3gYTTvTukobykcdNJ0T/w3ONci9LoLtXmz7HTcb+DmDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T06:57:38.040786Z","bundle_sha256":"6afb728f91dec2a62bd4f68bda74efc4ccc7ecc359b8af7e28e6521132d59d41"}}