{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:PADAJAHV7ED3DNZPOA4KMH3N3J","short_pith_number":"pith:PADAJAHV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2402.11138","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-17T00:09:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"05b0684ce395fa4712eb0749ef7462e1ce75b4f4113ee3c78ea2a8f34d3a01a7","abstract_canon_sha256":"4173a2707fabde683c494bd89212157e98671ade061815fe72c676313343ce3a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"78060480f5f907b1b72f7038a61f6dda5c622fa0dfa116bb30f47a3382bfb2a5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2402.11138","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2402.11138","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2402.11138v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2402.11138","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PADAJAHV7ED3","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PADAJAHV7ED3DNZP","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PADAJAHV","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:PADAJAHV7ED3DNZPOA4KMH3N3J","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2402.11138","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-17T00:09:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"05b0684ce395fa4712eb0749ef7462e1ce75b4f4113ee3c78ea2a8f34d3a01a7","abstract_canon_sha256":"4173a2707fabde683c494bd89212157e98671ade061815fe72c676313343ce3a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"78060480f5f907b1b72f7038a61f6dda5c622fa0dfa116bb30f47a3382bfb2a5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06.164614Z","signature_b64":"BxiBp0dk4ABX9E10auxhAllCEkl4i71aSOXn3uvUyFibXDn7mr4uArJqMchWMUqBuQkgvHISVdaEvPunTnJICQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"78060480f5f907b1b72f7038a61f6dda5c622fa0dfa116bb30f47a3382bfb2a5","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06.164181Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06.164181Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2402.11138","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"cp0X/nl32XN0eKf9c/WVBWyeDC/+sge0hBjx5Lvi+nk0JBZI3y4HkGCI3bl4O5YXfkD0xhR6A4w8sM7va235BQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T21:51:10.028886Z"},"content_sha256":"75adebb31e36704011781c63cb624405351da83f125c80b2d9cef1655296e0d6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:75adebb31e36704011781c63cb624405351da83f125c80b2d9cef1655296e0d6"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:PADAJAHV7ED3DNZPOA4KMH3N3J","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Contrastive Instruction Tuning","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Aram Galstyan, Fan Yin, Fei Wang, James Y. Huang, Muhao Chen, Tianyi Lorena Yan, Wenpeng Yin, Wenxuan Zhou","submitted_at":"2024-02-17T00:09:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"Instruction tuning has been used as a promising approach to improve the performance of large language models (LLMs) on unseen tasks. However, current LLMs exhibit limited robustness to unseen instructions, generating inconsistent outputs when the same instruction is phrased with slightly varied forms or language styles. This behavior indicates LLMs' lack of robustness to textual variations and generalizability to unseen instructions, potentially leading to trustworthiness issues. Accordingly, we propose Contrastive Instruction Tuning, which maximizes the similarity between the hidden represent"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2402.11138","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2402.11138/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+ShSfjZAvGOwxjQ3c7xsEoww4vMG7tcO/NvekkLQkSc9i0oLkx8ZVtnmfCW6WlppDcB6Mgy/oesMmIwrFCr3Cw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T21:51:10.029582Z"},"content_sha256":"426ec0d647bebe19aa4e563fa357b889e5eb3966d02425ceef1eb6ded32723a6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:426ec0d647bebe19aa4e563fa357b889e5eb3966d02425ceef1eb6ded32723a6"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PADAJAHV7ED3DNZPOA4KMH3N3J/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PADAJAHV7ED3DNZPOA4KMH3N3J/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PADAJAHV7ED3DNZPOA4KMH3N3J/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-11T21:51:10Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PADAJAHV7ED3DNZPOA4KMH3N3J","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PADAJAHV7ED3DNZPOA4KMH3N3J/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PADAJAHV7ED3DNZPOA4KMH3N3J/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PADAJAHV7ED3DNZPOA4KMH3N3J/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:PADAJAHV7ED3DNZPOA4KMH3N3J","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4173a2707fabde683c494bd89212157e98671ade061815fe72c676313343ce3a","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-17T00:09:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"05b0684ce395fa4712eb0749ef7462e1ce75b4f4113ee3c78ea2a8f34d3a01a7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2402.11138","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2402.11138","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2402.11138v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2402.11138","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PADAJAHV7ED3","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PADAJAHV7ED3DNZP","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PADAJAHV","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:426ec0d647bebe19aa4e563fa357b889e5eb3966d02425ceef1eb6ded32723a6","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2402.11138/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Instruction tuning has been used as a promising approach to improve the performance of large language models (LLMs) on unseen tasks. However, current LLMs exhibit limited robustness to unseen instructions, generating inconsistent outputs when the same instruction is phrased with slightly varied forms or language styles. This behavior indicates LLMs' lack of robustness to textual variations and generalizability to unseen instructions, potentially leading to trustworthiness issues. Accordingly, we propose Contrastive Instruction Tuning, which maximizes the similarity between the hidden represent","authors_text":"Aram Galstyan, Fan Yin, Fei Wang, James Y. Huang, Muhao Chen, Tianyi Lorena Yan, Wenpeng Yin, Wenxuan Zhou","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-17T00:09:32Z","title":"Contrastive Instruction Tuning"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2402.11138","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:75adebb31e36704011781c63cb624405351da83f125c80b2d9cef1655296e0d6","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4173a2707fabde683c494bd89212157e98671ade061815fe72c676313343ce3a","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-17T00:09:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"05b0684ce395fa4712eb0749ef7462e1ce75b4f4113ee3c78ea2a8f34d3a01a7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2402.11138","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"78060480f5f907b1b72f7038a61f6dda5c622fa0dfa116bb30f47a3382bfb2a5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"78060480f5f907b1b72f7038a61f6dda5c622fa0dfa116bb30f47a3382bfb2a5","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06.164181Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06.164181Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"BxiBp0dk4ABX9E10auxhAllCEkl4i71aSOXn3uvUyFibXDn7mr4uArJqMchWMUqBuQkgvHISVdaEvPunTnJICQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:28:06.164614Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2402.11138","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:75adebb31e36704011781c63cb624405351da83f125c80b2d9cef1655296e0d6","sha256:426ec0d647bebe19aa4e563fa357b889e5eb3966d02425ceef1eb6ded32723a6"],"state_sha256":"56849c59fa53cb5696a278e7f0ebf82a0e5767b4daf64378aa9065a4ebf1bd58"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"R42dnO6wlLg0NdH4VBL8w94twlqiGWXt3SLagCDUuFj5vauGzxlAXT7vTZnOrRHB1isUQFN6MRKtgWB24C9+BQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T21:51:10.036186Z","bundle_sha256":"ab1836d9f38e613e44d8ea5528054082fed4c9c188797704bfa9e2b186b52614"}}