{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:PAI2GOXPH2BDSSMSTEQUPJWC6Q","short_pith_number":"pith:PAI2GOXP","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1211.2571","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DL","submitted_at":"2012-11-12T11:22:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"300113df4c0998d5ef979c0770d8092d03feb0b479a4f02ac0008a2f2fe4c4e4","abstract_canon_sha256":"952143bdb702693da71ba9ccbd7083d459f9eade61bcdb63af7accf38eece17a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7811a33aef3e82394992992147a6c2f427b7b7de52fa3da6262a7bbcd5a514f4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1211.2571","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1211.2571","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1211.2571v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1211.2571","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PAI2GOXPH2BD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PAI2GOXPH2BDSSMS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PAI2GOXP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:18Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:PAI2GOXPH2BDSSMSTEQUPJWC6Q","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1211.2571","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DL","submitted_at":"2012-11-12T11:22:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"300113df4c0998d5ef979c0770d8092d03feb0b479a4f02ac0008a2f2fe4c4e4","abstract_canon_sha256":"952143bdb702693da71ba9ccbd7083d459f9eade61bcdb63af7accf38eece17a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7811a33aef3e82394992992147a6c2f427b7b7de52fa3da6262a7bbcd5a514f4","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04.064587Z","signature_b64":"olIV25mANGdh356IPoaRFL6wZuOdsAzWvpsuqZRXdGXEYDG2qSbd8HghCJv889tvnWk2IzPlWlasbspopgHlAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7811a33aef3e82394992992147a6c2f427b7b7de52fa3da6262a7bbcd5a514f4","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04.063743Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04.063743Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1211.2571","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"er8j94EVwSausUDG7h6r/OGXfE7gyd3uKA9bFSHoJM1kp32j7hSdmWhNItB+pzM3uCW01XDnp0/AioXcT37UAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T16:37:52.754676Z"},"content_sha256":"503f51b84123da56a7e0d5e6a5bc079514a302828be060232d641ce67887a412","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:503f51b84123da56a7e0d5e6a5bc079514a302828be060232d641ce67887a412"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:PAI2GOXPH2BDSSMSTEQUPJWC6Q","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Field-normalized Impact Factors: A Comparison of Rescaling versus Fractionally Counted IFs","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.DL","authors_text":"Claudio Castellano, Filippo Radicchi, Loet Leydesdorff, Lutz Bornmann, Wouter De Nooy","submitted_at":"2012-11-12T11:22:25Z","abstract_excerpt":"Two methods for comparing impact factors and citation rates across fields of science are tested against each other using citations to the 3,705 journals in the Science Citation Index 2010 (CD-Rom version of SCI) and the 13 field categories used for the Science and Engineering Indicators of the US National Science Board. We compare (i) normalization by counting citations in proportion to the length of the reference list (1/N of references) with (ii) rescaling by dividing citation scores by the arithmetic mean of the citation rate of the cluster. Rescaling is analytical and therefore independent"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1211.2571","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nsjI5cAIl1hdrEcwpArmXnt7Khe/fjNECZCuJwouloaedjB0Te/M3qlhLiiHm9k38oMOJBUXx4iniMF6gsQRCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T16:37:52.755393Z"},"content_sha256":"3ab34c688ceb3d2db66a10f1628e5028fd256eaa901b1e95f7ce553000d05eb7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3ab34c688ceb3d2db66a10f1628e5028fd256eaa901b1e95f7ce553000d05eb7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PAI2GOXPH2BDSSMSTEQUPJWC6Q/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PAI2GOXPH2BDSSMSTEQUPJWC6Q/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PAI2GOXPH2BDSSMSTEQUPJWC6Q/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T16:37:52Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PAI2GOXPH2BDSSMSTEQUPJWC6Q","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PAI2GOXPH2BDSSMSTEQUPJWC6Q/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PAI2GOXPH2BDSSMSTEQUPJWC6Q/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PAI2GOXPH2BDSSMSTEQUPJWC6Q/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:PAI2GOXPH2BDSSMSTEQUPJWC6Q","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"952143bdb702693da71ba9ccbd7083d459f9eade61bcdb63af7accf38eece17a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DL","submitted_at":"2012-11-12T11:22:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"300113df4c0998d5ef979c0770d8092d03feb0b479a4f02ac0008a2f2fe4c4e4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1211.2571","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1211.2571","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1211.2571v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1211.2571","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PAI2GOXPH2BD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PAI2GOXPH2BDSSMS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PAI2GOXP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:18Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3ab34c688ceb3d2db66a10f1628e5028fd256eaa901b1e95f7ce553000d05eb7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Two methods for comparing impact factors and citation rates across fields of science are tested against each other using citations to the 3,705 journals in the Science Citation Index 2010 (CD-Rom version of SCI) and the 13 field categories used for the Science and Engineering Indicators of the US National Science Board. We compare (i) normalization by counting citations in proportion to the length of the reference list (1/N of references) with (ii) rescaling by dividing citation scores by the arithmetic mean of the citation rate of the cluster. Rescaling is analytical and therefore independent","authors_text":"Claudio Castellano, Filippo Radicchi, Loet Leydesdorff, Lutz Bornmann, Wouter De Nooy","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DL","submitted_at":"2012-11-12T11:22:25Z","title":"Field-normalized Impact Factors: A Comparison of Rescaling versus Fractionally Counted IFs"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1211.2571","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:503f51b84123da56a7e0d5e6a5bc079514a302828be060232d641ce67887a412","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"952143bdb702693da71ba9ccbd7083d459f9eade61bcdb63af7accf38eece17a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DL","submitted_at":"2012-11-12T11:22:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"300113df4c0998d5ef979c0770d8092d03feb0b479a4f02ac0008a2f2fe4c4e4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1211.2571","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"7811a33aef3e82394992992147a6c2f427b7b7de52fa3da6262a7bbcd5a514f4","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7811a33aef3e82394992992147a6c2f427b7b7de52fa3da6262a7bbcd5a514f4","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04.063743Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04.063743Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"olIV25mANGdh356IPoaRFL6wZuOdsAzWvpsuqZRXdGXEYDG2qSbd8HghCJv889tvnWk2IzPlWlasbspopgHlAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04.064587Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1211.2571","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:503f51b84123da56a7e0d5e6a5bc079514a302828be060232d641ce67887a412","sha256:3ab34c688ceb3d2db66a10f1628e5028fd256eaa901b1e95f7ce553000d05eb7"],"state_sha256":"1bfe2545d154001834af40193fd4e939972f9ae0ff4fc7e8a4cecfaf0bf79fc7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CwDgGyMw+ZDETeZQrvIDCVJuxDZM7kaQrTPF7maKBWNLrBcYI4qz638gzpW0FhmZXRbAs2jY3h51knp8c0iqCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T16:37:52.759055Z","bundle_sha256":"6f9cc82087851c336b7ea3f64bd76654a7686a9cabf52828909c9d53ba0e7498"}}