{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:PB2AYRMDBKPTSRXL2Q4LUVQWIN","short_pith_number":"pith:PB2AYRMD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1403.7623","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2014-03-29T11:33:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-ph","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"99366e4f6de2a6f4748602bec1d5ba7971a41a3620ef8256f8dd32f55598df2b","abstract_canon_sha256":"e59d306364dfb031e7f21f3c818963749967014d45b4a0ee2c7a7a42b887365d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"78740c45830a9f3946ebd438ba561643587b0cdd07066a499733d59376328320","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1403.7623","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1403.7623","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:48:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1403.7623v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:48:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1403.7623","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:48:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PB2AYRMDBKPT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PB2AYRMDBKPTSRXL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PB2AYRMD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:PB2AYRMDBKPTSRXL2Q4LUVQWIN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1403.7623","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2014-03-29T11:33:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-ph","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"99366e4f6de2a6f4748602bec1d5ba7971a41a3620ef8256f8dd32f55598df2b","abstract_canon_sha256":"e59d306364dfb031e7f21f3c818963749967014d45b4a0ee2c7a7a42b887365d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"78740c45830a9f3946ebd438ba561643587b0cdd07066a499733d59376328320","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:48:54.598238Z","signature_b64":"M/avv0j8cnRzf6U5DYrlToKkM9NWb080vCiUwzXi7qoc9pySwV+KfkvEZp9/dTo+3011qEYyvRHsia+gXi+iAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"78740c45830a9f3946ebd438ba561643587b0cdd07066a499733d59376328320","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:48:54.597679Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:48:54.597679Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1403.7623","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:48:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5QL9zbKaIkgBM08V439FKJcG99UMc9qJwjQuMjBPVaVDzVk9cFx0gvsuoxyD+ZcZiON2o7BBHYu1oEJw0LNUAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T20:37:42.902829Z"},"content_sha256":"253eab156af545f76cf37437159bd4448fc79ee66f920796d6f40d9e564ed955","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:253eab156af545f76cf37437159bd4448fc79ee66f920796d6f40d9e564ed955"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:PB2AYRMDBKPTSRXL2Q4LUVQWIN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Evidence for bouncing evolution before inflation after BICEP2","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc","hep-ph","hep-th"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Hong Li, Jun-Qing Xia, Xinmin Zhang, Yi-Fu Cai","submitted_at":"2014-03-29T11:33:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"The BICEP2 collaboration reports a detection of primordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) B-mode with a tensor-scalar ratio $r=0.20^{+0.07}_{-0.05}$ (68% C.L.). However, this result is in tension with the recent Planck limit, $r<0.11$ (95% C.L.), on constraining inflation models. In this Letter we consider an inflationary cosmology with a preceding nonsingular bounce which gives rise to observable signatures on primordial perturbations. One interesting phenomenon is that both the primordial scalar and tensor modes can have a step feature on their power spectra, which nicely cancels the tens"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1403.7623","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:48:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8ecERyeTroX9vkeAZYMKucFlsdwYEjsHAw0xvU4ik/wCtuOgFDbidZpQzo6vBTw4AyyLjtXNIgnmqyLcaRZrDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T20:37:42.903603Z"},"content_sha256":"879a37099b5f13a69d4fb7141002b7e57f272b57fc275f77e9dbad8da29074e8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:879a37099b5f13a69d4fb7141002b7e57f272b57fc275f77e9dbad8da29074e8"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PB2AYRMDBKPTSRXL2Q4LUVQWIN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PB2AYRMDBKPTSRXL2Q4LUVQWIN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PB2AYRMDBKPTSRXL2Q4LUVQWIN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T20:37:42Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PB2AYRMDBKPTSRXL2Q4LUVQWIN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PB2AYRMDBKPTSRXL2Q4LUVQWIN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PB2AYRMDBKPTSRXL2Q4LUVQWIN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PB2AYRMDBKPTSRXL2Q4LUVQWIN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:PB2AYRMDBKPTSRXL2Q4LUVQWIN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e59d306364dfb031e7f21f3c818963749967014d45b4a0ee2c7a7a42b887365d","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-ph","hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2014-03-29T11:33:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"99366e4f6de2a6f4748602bec1d5ba7971a41a3620ef8256f8dd32f55598df2b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1403.7623","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1403.7623","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:48:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1403.7623v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:48:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1403.7623","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:48:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PB2AYRMDBKPT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PB2AYRMDBKPTSRXL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PB2AYRMD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:43Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:879a37099b5f13a69d4fb7141002b7e57f272b57fc275f77e9dbad8da29074e8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:48:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The BICEP2 collaboration reports a detection of primordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) B-mode with a tensor-scalar ratio $r=0.20^{+0.07}_{-0.05}$ (68% C.L.). However, this result is in tension with the recent Planck limit, $r<0.11$ (95% C.L.), on constraining inflation models. In this Letter we consider an inflationary cosmology with a preceding nonsingular bounce which gives rise to observable signatures on primordial perturbations. One interesting phenomenon is that both the primordial scalar and tensor modes can have a step feature on their power spectra, which nicely cancels the tens","authors_text":"Hong Li, Jun-Qing Xia, Xinmin Zhang, Yi-Fu Cai","cross_cats":["gr-qc","hep-ph","hep-th"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2014-03-29T11:33:56Z","title":"Evidence for bouncing evolution before inflation after BICEP2"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1403.7623","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:253eab156af545f76cf37437159bd4448fc79ee66f920796d6f40d9e564ed955","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:48:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e59d306364dfb031e7f21f3c818963749967014d45b4a0ee2c7a7a42b887365d","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-ph","hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2014-03-29T11:33:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"99366e4f6de2a6f4748602bec1d5ba7971a41a3620ef8256f8dd32f55598df2b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1403.7623","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"78740c45830a9f3946ebd438ba561643587b0cdd07066a499733d59376328320","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"78740c45830a9f3946ebd438ba561643587b0cdd07066a499733d59376328320","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:48:54.597679Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:48:54.597679Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"M/avv0j8cnRzf6U5DYrlToKkM9NWb080vCiUwzXi7qoc9pySwV+KfkvEZp9/dTo+3011qEYyvRHsia+gXi+iAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:48:54.598238Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1403.7623","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:253eab156af545f76cf37437159bd4448fc79ee66f920796d6f40d9e564ed955","sha256:879a37099b5f13a69d4fb7141002b7e57f272b57fc275f77e9dbad8da29074e8"],"state_sha256":"5cc2e66706c97c685b65937cca4866d750a943ab7a2499d71fcf14a8de8aa98c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"riZAQTL984N2fUNduUnP9RSUfQYxi8B35L26eYTTQ5vwdch8KBjkdq8S8vnuU4YwBwd9WhFniOiQHzDKdFRoBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T20:37:42.907344Z","bundle_sha256":"1876d597231b4690d0ece23aa676fda4d68d28a882faf549ba5a03502643940f"}}