{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:PBMCAIJUG6NHJNNJUDVAZFNDVN","short_pith_number":"pith:PBMCAIJU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2401.11668","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2024-01-22T03:05:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4ffe2870bbff2af499d50a92a9760367697322acdcb14f89c6810e0e9f0121d8","abstract_canon_sha256":"0512f7dcc3454a8704ec588e62634de2cff035a9c8a4117d51db490547b1c221"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7858202134379a74b5a9a0ea0c95a3ab76a319c1ad371e1cc2bbcbb64398b946","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2401.11668","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2401.11668","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2401.11668v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2401.11668","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PBMCAIJUG6NH","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PBMCAIJUG6NHJNNJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PBMCAIJU","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:PBMCAIJUG6NHJNNJUDVAZFNDVN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2401.11668","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2024-01-22T03:05:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4ffe2870bbff2af499d50a92a9760367697322acdcb14f89c6810e0e9f0121d8","abstract_canon_sha256":"0512f7dcc3454a8704ec588e62634de2cff035a9c8a4117d51db490547b1c221"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7858202134379a74b5a9a0ea0c95a3ab76a319c1ad371e1cc2bbcbb64398b946","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11.699853Z","signature_b64":"KLdPvabspYx/3AL2j6mfV0xrmo9zuE+XwnLPPquhnx3bf0tMo3WbVcE2chACUibT6IZi26EdndY8YBv3v9JtCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7858202134379a74b5a9a0ea0c95a3ab76a319c1ad371e1cc2bbcbb64398b946","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11.699350Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11.699350Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2401.11668","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"25ultZbdPxPbzvBl6wV+uLqOqyGO+oYAtwsEjdaTjHkKtiwmeAfwVFu5xYYkmzRo2RbswTKb/dzqkSdX+vX7CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T03:50:40.254894Z"},"content_sha256":"ab9f701f66bee2bdaf1f14bfdbfd0b51a1eb8ebb3ba34f0cac5918f20fa7bfdb","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ab9f701f66bee2bdaf1f14bfdbfd0b51a1eb8ebb3ba34f0cac5918f20fa7bfdb"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:PBMCAIJUG6NHJNNJUDVAZFNDVN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Constraining annihilating dark matter using the multi-frequency radio flux profiles of the M33 galaxy","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Chak Man Lee, Chun Sing Leung, Lang Cui, Man Ho Chan, Ning Chang","submitted_at":"2024-01-22T03:05:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"Radio data can give stringent constraints for annihilating dark matter. In general, radio observations can detect very accurate radio flux density with high resolution and different frequencies for nearby galaxies. We are able to obtain the radio flux density as a function of distance from the galactic center and frequencies $S(r,\\nu)$. In this article, we demonstrate a comprehensive radio analysis of the M33 galaxy, combining the radio flux density profile $S(r)$ and the frequency spectrum $S(\\nu)$ to get the constraints of dark matter annihilation parameters. By analyzing the archival radio "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2401.11668","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2401.11668/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kX1tISWnLQtrLH9o8EwIX3bROl1p+UfcmtcpZkrV5i92j1sfZF5O4SjWrlRARviXhpGBZcCpOgnuDF6+0MqADg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T03:50:40.255455Z"},"content_sha256":"1e09f6196b0c0938e46ea6040ac1b467c591e5f807c91247da68ac0b1007e450","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1e09f6196b0c0938e46ea6040ac1b467c591e5f807c91247da68ac0b1007e450"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PBMCAIJUG6NHJNNJUDVAZFNDVN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PBMCAIJUG6NHJNNJUDVAZFNDVN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PBMCAIJUG6NHJNNJUDVAZFNDVN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-07T03:50:40Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PBMCAIJUG6NHJNNJUDVAZFNDVN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PBMCAIJUG6NHJNNJUDVAZFNDVN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PBMCAIJUG6NHJNNJUDVAZFNDVN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PBMCAIJUG6NHJNNJUDVAZFNDVN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:PBMCAIJUG6NHJNNJUDVAZFNDVN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0512f7dcc3454a8704ec588e62634de2cff035a9c8a4117d51db490547b1c221","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2024-01-22T03:05:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"4ffe2870bbff2af499d50a92a9760367697322acdcb14f89c6810e0e9f0121d8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2401.11668","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2401.11668","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2401.11668v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2401.11668","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PBMCAIJUG6NH","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PBMCAIJUG6NHJNNJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PBMCAIJU","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1e09f6196b0c0938e46ea6040ac1b467c591e5f807c91247da68ac0b1007e450","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2401.11668/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Radio data can give stringent constraints for annihilating dark matter. In general, radio observations can detect very accurate radio flux density with high resolution and different frequencies for nearby galaxies. We are able to obtain the radio flux density as a function of distance from the galactic center and frequencies $S(r,\\nu)$. In this article, we demonstrate a comprehensive radio analysis of the M33 galaxy, combining the radio flux density profile $S(r)$ and the frequency spectrum $S(\\nu)$ to get the constraints of dark matter annihilation parameters. By analyzing the archival radio ","authors_text":"Chak Man Lee, Chun Sing Leung, Lang Cui, Man Ho Chan, Ning Chang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2024-01-22T03:05:56Z","title":"Constraining annihilating dark matter using the multi-frequency radio flux profiles of the M33 galaxy"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2401.11668","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ab9f701f66bee2bdaf1f14bfdbfd0b51a1eb8ebb3ba34f0cac5918f20fa7bfdb","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0512f7dcc3454a8704ec588e62634de2cff035a9c8a4117d51db490547b1c221","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2024-01-22T03:05:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"4ffe2870bbff2af499d50a92a9760367697322acdcb14f89c6810e0e9f0121d8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2401.11668","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"7858202134379a74b5a9a0ea0c95a3ab76a319c1ad371e1cc2bbcbb64398b946","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7858202134379a74b5a9a0ea0c95a3ab76a319c1ad371e1cc2bbcbb64398b946","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11.699350Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11.699350Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"KLdPvabspYx/3AL2j6mfV0xrmo9zuE+XwnLPPquhnx3bf0tMo3WbVcE2chACUibT6IZi26EdndY8YBv3v9JtCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:13:11.699853Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2401.11668","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ab9f701f66bee2bdaf1f14bfdbfd0b51a1eb8ebb3ba34f0cac5918f20fa7bfdb","sha256:1e09f6196b0c0938e46ea6040ac1b467c591e5f807c91247da68ac0b1007e450"],"state_sha256":"36eee8a429296c3afa1b0e897fe8ffec89c202899fb9ac9813ef5691ef2effe3"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wxn3JDlSYgvB82jZ7q1+lWcOoKjkOTQnnv+ts8Tl/rf0FlZTskFMp2Oag9EXY3Kk887VcICcmaNAxOSwjWUFDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T03:50:40.259290Z","bundle_sha256":"9dabc2d5ca291162f80c016fbfe291445495faa5b209e33244ebf3e2ff94a48a"}}