{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1995:PCUWWGAI2L4Z6OFTQEPTSEBWX7","short_pith_number":"pith:PCUWWGAI","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9505010","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1995-05-03T18:15:41Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"52283073201e540e70b7b760e2a8606755eaf24f01e91ddd5ce622780468a6bc","abstract_canon_sha256":"f95709a124545bb6adad7f718e6b05345b152a4e81ac05d750a89cb9a1c39a51"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"78a96b1808d2f99f38b3811f391036bfd55fd3aa269b65b385f033fde6535bcc","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"astro-ph/9505010","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/9505010","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/9505010v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9505010","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PCUWWGAI2L4Z","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PCUWWGAI2L4Z6OFT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PCUWWGAI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:1995:PCUWWGAI2L4Z6OFTQEPTSEBWX7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9505010","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1995-05-03T18:15:41Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"52283073201e540e70b7b760e2a8606755eaf24f01e91ddd5ce622780468a6bc","abstract_canon_sha256":"f95709a124545bb6adad7f718e6b05345b152a4e81ac05d750a89cb9a1c39a51"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"78a96b1808d2f99f38b3811f391036bfd55fd3aa269b65b385f033fde6535bcc","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:41.632929Z","signature_b64":"1EaQgj4DX3bm22v1QIo1iaJHWb/m2aIj54McfInBH2pB2oW23sYLEkestlrIu6Va45joN/TRxyn8NOS9biqLDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"78a96b1808d2f99f38b3811f391036bfd55fd3aa269b65b385f033fde6535bcc","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:41.632329Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:41.632329Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"astro-ph/9505010","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XFQC8NUKy/lSCxM1pDaV7td1Wj6/7d+9ljxXhOq0QNJUjK+Z2nQBDLU6O4fS70IrPr2VOsdUHOlNONcksZl1AA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-12T09:30:51.709740Z"},"content_sha256":"2606d0ca88dd6e753ff7ffa827efc5fde11253aca59301887a726aafc1f3811b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2606d0ca88dd6e753ff7ffa827efc5fde11253aca59301887a726aafc1f3811b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:1995:PCUWWGAI2L4Z6OFTQEPTSEBWX7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Mass Distributions of Clusters Using Gravitational Magnification","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"Tom Broadhurst","submitted_at":"1995-05-03T18:15:41Z","abstract_excerpt":"Lensing in the context of rich clusters is normally quantified from small image distortions, yielding a relative mass distribution in the limit of weak lensing. Here we show the magnification effect of lensing can also be mapped over a cluster, resulting in absolute mass determinations for the weak limit. Furthermore, given both magnification and distortion measurements, the mass distribution may be constrained in the strong regime. Methods for obtaining the magnification using spectroscopic and/or photometric information are discussed, for object detection within a fixed isophote or to a give"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9505010","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"iDWXTrsiFKI+05+JnxROjnv3cVzmB3CghOJLxTPSMi6mSw3myQSUg6XHmtFu1xMf6j2V4qUgE3wXUe+dR5sSAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-12T09:30:51.710095Z"},"content_sha256":"984a7cd58ef720a74936f51b8bb8e9343412cbf7eca99dc2c9d70db0b56a4cfd","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:984a7cd58ef720a74936f51b8bb8e9343412cbf7eca99dc2c9d70db0b56a4cfd"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PCUWWGAI2L4Z6OFTQEPTSEBWX7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PCUWWGAI2L4Z6OFTQEPTSEBWX7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PCUWWGAI2L4Z6OFTQEPTSEBWX7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-12T09:30:51Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PCUWWGAI2L4Z6OFTQEPTSEBWX7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PCUWWGAI2L4Z6OFTQEPTSEBWX7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PCUWWGAI2L4Z6OFTQEPTSEBWX7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PCUWWGAI2L4Z6OFTQEPTSEBWX7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1995:PCUWWGAI2L4Z6OFTQEPTSEBWX7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f95709a124545bb6adad7f718e6b05345b152a4e81ac05d750a89cb9a1c39a51","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1995-05-03T18:15:41Z","title_canon_sha256":"52283073201e540e70b7b760e2a8606755eaf24f01e91ddd5ce622780468a6bc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/9505010","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/9505010","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/9505010v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9505010","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PCUWWGAI2L4Z","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PCUWWGAI2L4Z6OFT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PCUWWGAI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:984a7cd58ef720a74936f51b8bb8e9343412cbf7eca99dc2c9d70db0b56a4cfd","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Lensing in the context of rich clusters is normally quantified from small image distortions, yielding a relative mass distribution in the limit of weak lensing. Here we show the magnification effect of lensing can also be mapped over a cluster, resulting in absolute mass determinations for the weak limit. Furthermore, given both magnification and distortion measurements, the mass distribution may be constrained in the strong regime. Methods for obtaining the magnification using spectroscopic and/or photometric information are discussed, for object detection within a fixed isophote or to a give","authors_text":"Tom Broadhurst","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1995-05-03T18:15:41Z","title":"Mass Distributions of Clusters Using Gravitational Magnification"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9505010","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2606d0ca88dd6e753ff7ffa827efc5fde11253aca59301887a726aafc1f3811b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f95709a124545bb6adad7f718e6b05345b152a4e81ac05d750a89cb9a1c39a51","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1995-05-03T18:15:41Z","title_canon_sha256":"52283073201e540e70b7b760e2a8606755eaf24f01e91ddd5ce622780468a6bc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/9505010","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"78a96b1808d2f99f38b3811f391036bfd55fd3aa269b65b385f033fde6535bcc","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"78a96b1808d2f99f38b3811f391036bfd55fd3aa269b65b385f033fde6535bcc","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:41.632329Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:41.632329Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"1EaQgj4DX3bm22v1QIo1iaJHWb/m2aIj54McfInBH2pB2oW23sYLEkestlrIu6Va45joN/TRxyn8NOS9biqLDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:07:41.632929Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"astro-ph/9505010","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2606d0ca88dd6e753ff7ffa827efc5fde11253aca59301887a726aafc1f3811b","sha256:984a7cd58ef720a74936f51b8bb8e9343412cbf7eca99dc2c9d70db0b56a4cfd"],"state_sha256":"5d8ff6b5f1cf2fd969643d40b8486c25d5316159d19242ccde666bc4c4af0968"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"P3ywPoaDv1s4rqhgWuuf6wN32j3UE5G1FyZssZ+mGV+Z23lHh9lykE0Ut0ytj1NSQVVzW7ayEBynAuldG/rWCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-12T09:30:51.712203Z","bundle_sha256":"61fe58972608938857a7a003ad46d741737d941aee01751d6604fbeba14fc636"}}