{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:PGOP2GPIIDGASHPN6QBO2HKXP4","short_pith_number":"pith:PGOP2GPI","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1809.02753","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2018-09-08T04:01:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"512a4ea3b226e75b3e16a3386da641b55fb572eefb75f2a254d5418def1dda91","abstract_canon_sha256":"3356cfeb5d16c96ef573a0f87032b4fca93f1fbfd91a78df00f5d547a4a56a10"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"799cfd19e840cc091dedf402ed1d577f3be9112e123b9c22e9bb5fea88650dfa","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1809.02753","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1809.02753","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:06:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1809.02753v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:06:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1809.02753","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:06:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PGOP2GPIIDGA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PGOP2GPIIDGASHPN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PGOP2GPI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:PGOP2GPIIDGASHPN6QBO2HKXP4","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1809.02753","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2018-09-08T04:01:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"512a4ea3b226e75b3e16a3386da641b55fb572eefb75f2a254d5418def1dda91","abstract_canon_sha256":"3356cfeb5d16c96ef573a0f87032b4fca93f1fbfd91a78df00f5d547a4a56a10"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"799cfd19e840cc091dedf402ed1d577f3be9112e123b9c22e9bb5fea88650dfa","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:06:15.405656Z","signature_b64":"pFwx/oGWqtt8SlFFzOR+bnCCbra37IAq1WtWbcFfXNprqj+7C/ddJv0uIUHsMpdQxMo0QXsRKtZGSkSFKwpGCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"799cfd19e840cc091dedf402ed1d577f3be9112e123b9c22e9bb5fea88650dfa","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:06:15.405078Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:06:15.405078Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1809.02753","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:06:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7+QMnLQMqS5CYiyA+to9qvKYQ+hmKEB9ZaJG4qRM8PUUPRgAlHelTeR5J0VM7Jefn56aA1UaUKnV3T0yAIzmAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T10:46:30.051444Z"},"content_sha256":"b344504c9230852e7599212761e30102f5ab5bf115acf0b497ead2c703038695","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b344504c9230852e7599212761e30102f5ab5bf115acf0b497ead2c703038695"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:PGOP2GPIIDGASHPN6QBO2HKXP4","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Optimal and Low-Complexity Dynamic Spectrum Access for RF-Powered Ambient Backscatter System with Online Reinforcement Learning","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.NI","authors_text":"Diep N. Nguyen, Dinh Thai Hoang, Dusit Niyato, Eryk Dutkiewicz, Nguyen Van Huynh, Ping Wang","submitted_at":"2018-09-08T04:01:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"Ambient backscatter has been introduced with a wide range of applications for low power wireless communications. In this article, we propose an optimal and low-complexity dynamic spectrum access framework for RF-powered ambient backscatter system. In this system, the secondary transmitter not only harvests energy from ambient signals (from incumbent users), but also backscatters these signals to its receiver for data transmission. Under the dynamics of the ambient signals, we first adopt the Markov decision process (MDP) framework to obtain the optimal policy for the secondary transmitter, aim"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1809.02753","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:06:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"H6D2pwzGXaho7HgUc4CFg8/mGcMXHE9pn51EJfDZK8WmV3JKNWY1HKGMli+zYDMACCpEu63Dgs2sF9J7qmUQBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T10:46:30.051801Z"},"content_sha256":"3ac977773ea38fe95a83811a1567a925e84f220d88836f72d1369756d0a4861a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3ac977773ea38fe95a83811a1567a925e84f220d88836f72d1369756d0a4861a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PGOP2GPIIDGASHPN6QBO2HKXP4/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PGOP2GPIIDGASHPN6QBO2HKXP4/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PGOP2GPIIDGASHPN6QBO2HKXP4/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T10:46:30Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PGOP2GPIIDGASHPN6QBO2HKXP4","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PGOP2GPIIDGASHPN6QBO2HKXP4/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PGOP2GPIIDGASHPN6QBO2HKXP4/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PGOP2GPIIDGASHPN6QBO2HKXP4/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:PGOP2GPIIDGASHPN6QBO2HKXP4","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3356cfeb5d16c96ef573a0f87032b4fca93f1fbfd91a78df00f5d547a4a56a10","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2018-09-08T04:01:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"512a4ea3b226e75b3e16a3386da641b55fb572eefb75f2a254d5418def1dda91"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1809.02753","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1809.02753","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:06:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1809.02753v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:06:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1809.02753","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:06:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PGOP2GPIIDGA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PGOP2GPIIDGASHPN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PGOP2GPI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:43Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3ac977773ea38fe95a83811a1567a925e84f220d88836f72d1369756d0a4861a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:06:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Ambient backscatter has been introduced with a wide range of applications for low power wireless communications. In this article, we propose an optimal and low-complexity dynamic spectrum access framework for RF-powered ambient backscatter system. In this system, the secondary transmitter not only harvests energy from ambient signals (from incumbent users), but also backscatters these signals to its receiver for data transmission. Under the dynamics of the ambient signals, we first adopt the Markov decision process (MDP) framework to obtain the optimal policy for the secondary transmitter, aim","authors_text":"Diep N. Nguyen, Dinh Thai Hoang, Dusit Niyato, Eryk Dutkiewicz, Nguyen Van Huynh, Ping Wang","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2018-09-08T04:01:58Z","title":"Optimal and Low-Complexity Dynamic Spectrum Access for RF-Powered Ambient Backscatter System with Online Reinforcement Learning"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1809.02753","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b344504c9230852e7599212761e30102f5ab5bf115acf0b497ead2c703038695","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:06:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3356cfeb5d16c96ef573a0f87032b4fca93f1fbfd91a78df00f5d547a4a56a10","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2018-09-08T04:01:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"512a4ea3b226e75b3e16a3386da641b55fb572eefb75f2a254d5418def1dda91"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1809.02753","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"799cfd19e840cc091dedf402ed1d577f3be9112e123b9c22e9bb5fea88650dfa","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"799cfd19e840cc091dedf402ed1d577f3be9112e123b9c22e9bb5fea88650dfa","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:06:15.405078Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:06:15.405078Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"pFwx/oGWqtt8SlFFzOR+bnCCbra37IAq1WtWbcFfXNprqj+7C/ddJv0uIUHsMpdQxMo0QXsRKtZGSkSFKwpGCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:06:15.405656Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1809.02753","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b344504c9230852e7599212761e30102f5ab5bf115acf0b497ead2c703038695","sha256:3ac977773ea38fe95a83811a1567a925e84f220d88836f72d1369756d0a4861a"],"state_sha256":"c7bf4e29a2b412fa90b97edef0278212483c65de4abbd433fa849ee7cc0abb6d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"g3z+syngxUBp0lQ48gXgw7JL6KHiAg4cWE8inx6HaImc159aQYVZZsNnQ3Svnl1sAUhjx5QXJGp9Jgimzcs2Cg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T10:46:30.053793Z","bundle_sha256":"4121a61a41a931e66d14baaf5927760eca8a8aa94c2cf404068b7be7bdb6b5f8"}}