{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2017:PIERRWFU3DX2VFKIACK2IEE5S2","short_pith_number":"pith:PIERRWFU","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"7a0918d8b4d8efaa95480095a4109d969cc15d83659ef999ae8c394eed5afb66","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1711.05582","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"How fast is a twisted photon?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.optics","authors_text":"Ashley Lyons, Calum Maitland, Daniele Faccio, Jonathan Leach, Miles Padgett, Niclas Westerberg, Stefano Vezzoli, Thomas Roger","submitted_at":"2017-11-15T14:17:30Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recent measurements have highlighted that spatially shaped photons travel slower than c, the speed of monochromatic, plane waves in vacuum. Here we investigate the intrinsic delay introduced by `twisting' a photon, i.e. by introducing orbital angular momentum (OAM). In order to do this we use a Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer to measure the change in delay of single photons when we introduce OAM on a ring-shaped beam that is imaged through a focusing telescope. Our findings show that when all other parameters are held constant the addition of OAM reduces the delay (accelerates) with respect to t"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1711.05582","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2017-11-15T14:17:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4c8004d08951ca41fe98debfe8ae0596cf07eb3169cf84f4ed7d6cfd9ed70f4f","abstract_canon_sha256":"79306544db66d193c50116fbe22df934a4eecbeb21f1494515f5ef989c5bc500"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29.466874Z","signature_b64":"ptYrfJjvFk1QCBziN50C2MCZLW+gVR6iqDuCET0yEMmmPlvuk+douOKYcyXk8tNu9++lINROLFG6QtLqXg/eBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7a0918d8b4d8efaa95480095a4109d969cc15d83659ef999ae8c394eed5afb66","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29.466173Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29.466173Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"How fast is a twisted photon?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.optics","authors_text":"Ashley Lyons, Calum Maitland, Daniele Faccio, Jonathan Leach, Miles Padgett, Niclas Westerberg, Stefano Vezzoli, Thomas Roger","submitted_at":"2017-11-15T14:17:30Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recent measurements have highlighted that spatially shaped photons travel slower than c, the speed of monochromatic, plane waves in vacuum. Here we investigate the intrinsic delay introduced by `twisting' a photon, i.e. by introducing orbital angular momentum (OAM). In order to do this we use a Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer to measure the change in delay of single photons when we introduce OAM on a ring-shaped beam that is imaged through a focusing telescope. Our findings show that when all other parameters are held constant the addition of OAM reduces the delay (accelerates) with respect to t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1711.05582","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1711.05582","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29.466292+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1711.05582v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29.466292+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1711.05582","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29.466292+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PIERRWFU3DX2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:37.085036+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PIERRWFU3DX2VFKI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:37.085036+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PIERRWFU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:37.085036+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/PIERRWFU3DX2VFKIACK2IEE5S2","json":"https://pith.science/pith/PIERRWFU3DX2VFKIACK2IEE5S2.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/PIERRWFU3DX2VFKIACK2IEE5S2/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/PIERRWFU3DX2VFKIACK2IEE5S2/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/PIERRWFU"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/PIERRWFU3DX2VFKIACK2IEE5S2","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/PIERRWFU3DX2VFKIACK2IEE5S2.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/PIERRWFU","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1711.05582&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/PIERRWFU3DX2VFKIACK2IEE5S2/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/PIERRWFU3DX2VFKIACK2IEE5S2/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/PIERRWFU3DX2VFKIACK2IEE5S2/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/PIERRWFU3DX2VFKIACK2IEE5S2/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/PIERRWFU3DX2VFKIACK2IEE5S2/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/PIERRWFU3DX2VFKIACK2IEE5S2/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/PIERRWFU3DX2VFKIACK2IEE5S2/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29.466292+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29.466292+00:00"}