{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:PJNQYP55TQDDJVKLFEEQUQ4YRL","short_pith_number":"pith:PJNQYP55","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.06255","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-09-12T14:16:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.LG","cs.MM"],"title_canon_sha256":"346fdc3393d0f0dd64d2653660f5f30b38e823229301b22e36bf8309ce3304f0","abstract_canon_sha256":"60b33d68816b9c34739ca7e280bd11ddded08f332c4ea517376ad14b5e247b80"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7a5b0c3fbd9c0634d54b29090a43988af950f75f607b070f9fe36dc71ce03ad8","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2309.06255","version":4},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.06255","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.06255v4","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.06255","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PJNQYP55TQDD","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PJNQYP55TQDDJVKL","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PJNQYP55","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:PJNQYP55TQDDJVKLFEEQUQ4YRL","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.06255","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-09-12T14:16:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.LG","cs.MM"],"title_canon_sha256":"346fdc3393d0f0dd64d2653660f5f30b38e823229301b22e36bf8309ce3304f0","abstract_canon_sha256":"60b33d68816b9c34739ca7e280bd11ddded08f332c4ea517376ad14b5e247b80"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7a5b0c3fbd9c0634d54b29090a43988af950f75f607b070f9fe36dc71ce03ad8","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41.531157Z","signature_b64":"jmlBTgjBoSrnGZBW3WNv4ygT6RanKDKsclDRlek461IAs5wkQRkO0tCIE4V8qhwpPrS/Si5RAaAg0QBvL2hDBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7a5b0c3fbd9c0634d54b29090a43988af950f75f607b070f9fe36dc71ce03ad8","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41.530667Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41.530667Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2309.06255","source_version":4,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"O61vqI7UpkuC1Zk44ZoPC6Y1gnvihlyywOPISLwvQ2BHMDBMTA/95BOW/eGi51QDZPrY51vZQbsgjBE99KdYDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-10T03:10:45.352921Z"},"content_sha256":"36b79d59b435b2bc9829f6f12592e01ba1f54d382758c89e9f09ac0e532eff87","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:36b79d59b435b2bc9829f6f12592e01ba1f54d382758c89e9f09ac0e532eff87"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:PJNQYP55TQDDJVKLFEEQUQ4YRL","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Enhancing multimodal cooperation via sample-level modality valuation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.LG","cs.MM"],"primary_cat":"cs.CV","authors_text":"Di Hu, Ruoxuan Feng, Yake Wei, Zihe Wang","submitted_at":"2023-09-12T14:16:34Z","abstract_excerpt":"One primary topic of multimodal learning is to jointly incorporate heterogeneous information from different modalities. However most models often suffer from unsatisfactory multimodal cooperation which cannot jointly utilize all modalities well. Some methods are proposed to identify and enhance the worse learnt modality but they are often hard to provide the fine-grained observation of multimodal cooperation at sample-level with theoretical support. Hence it is essential to reasonably observe and improve the fine-grained cooperation between modalities especially when facing realistic scenarios"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.06255","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2309.06255/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MjEo9KKn3cQO9c2s7SDYMHQz3kahCEcKSBi3ywFgw6tK7yixQr6Q7BbVQO9GTkSJtkxjlmPFNqdU0yNCwHrpBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-10T03:10:45.353436Z"},"content_sha256":"df97eb62b4953b06c6d4fe0675eb84809f62f4c3bcf918a24424a6cac62e95ff","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:df97eb62b4953b06c6d4fe0675eb84809f62f4c3bcf918a24424a6cac62e95ff"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PJNQYP55TQDDJVKLFEEQUQ4YRL/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PJNQYP55TQDDJVKLFEEQUQ4YRL/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PJNQYP55TQDDJVKLFEEQUQ4YRL/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-10T03:10:45Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PJNQYP55TQDDJVKLFEEQUQ4YRL","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PJNQYP55TQDDJVKLFEEQUQ4YRL/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PJNQYP55TQDDJVKLFEEQUQ4YRL/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PJNQYP55TQDDJVKLFEEQUQ4YRL/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:PJNQYP55TQDDJVKLFEEQUQ4YRL","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"60b33d68816b9c34739ca7e280bd11ddded08f332c4ea517376ad14b5e247b80","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.LG","cs.MM"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-09-12T14:16:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"346fdc3393d0f0dd64d2653660f5f30b38e823229301b22e36bf8309ce3304f0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.06255","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.06255","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.06255v4","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.06255","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PJNQYP55TQDD","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PJNQYP55TQDDJVKL","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PJNQYP55","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:df97eb62b4953b06c6d4fe0675eb84809f62f4c3bcf918a24424a6cac62e95ff","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2309.06255/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"One primary topic of multimodal learning is to jointly incorporate heterogeneous information from different modalities. However most models often suffer from unsatisfactory multimodal cooperation which cannot jointly utilize all modalities well. Some methods are proposed to identify and enhance the worse learnt modality but they are often hard to provide the fine-grained observation of multimodal cooperation at sample-level with theoretical support. Hence it is essential to reasonably observe and improve the fine-grained cooperation between modalities especially when facing realistic scenarios","authors_text":"Di Hu, Ruoxuan Feng, Yake Wei, Zihe Wang","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.LG","cs.MM"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-09-12T14:16:34Z","title":"Enhancing multimodal cooperation via sample-level modality valuation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.06255","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:36b79d59b435b2bc9829f6f12592e01ba1f54d382758c89e9f09ac0e532eff87","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"60b33d68816b9c34739ca7e280bd11ddded08f332c4ea517376ad14b5e247b80","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.LG","cs.MM"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-09-12T14:16:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"346fdc3393d0f0dd64d2653660f5f30b38e823229301b22e36bf8309ce3304f0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.06255","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"canonical_sha256":"7a5b0c3fbd9c0634d54b29090a43988af950f75f607b070f9fe36dc71ce03ad8","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7a5b0c3fbd9c0634d54b29090a43988af950f75f607b070f9fe36dc71ce03ad8","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41.530667Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41.530667Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"jmlBTgjBoSrnGZBW3WNv4ygT6RanKDKsclDRlek461IAs5wkQRkO0tCIE4V8qhwpPrS/Si5RAaAg0QBvL2hDBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:31:41.531157Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2309.06255","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":4}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:36b79d59b435b2bc9829f6f12592e01ba1f54d382758c89e9f09ac0e532eff87","sha256:df97eb62b4953b06c6d4fe0675eb84809f62f4c3bcf918a24424a6cac62e95ff"],"state_sha256":"c05e7b06f88d78269a82261e0c68a5d7f5d4f63db6cff84d14c186212b09184a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bHCx4tFixu5i0zAyA2iH+IfhI+d8RBcKDAxtujZH51cayhRQoeLazu5mjA+cQq6iBGKdQDnCR+9YZ60mICP8Bg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-10T03:10:45.358228Z","bundle_sha256":"ddbfe48341fb1fa13d70755c69f203a30bc274448f478336dc0db7ffceff3c05"}}