{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:PKOKY4TWOYA47MK6CB6W2CIW5N","short_pith_number":"pith:PKOKY4TW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1012.0578","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2010-12-02T21:15:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.ao-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"306be61ff69626cfbafb92880f233703bd7aef6b02ba815603719dd0ca4b4f6e","abstract_canon_sha256":"e224fd6b832bdfd6a9092ef3a4999cd555ad13a56cb76161f489f84fc54dee68"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7a9cac72767601cfb15e107d6d0916eb74eeadf724ada26a69f49d3797afae01","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1012.0578","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1012.0578","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1012.0578v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1012.0578","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PKOKY4TWOYA4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PKOKY4TWOYA47MK6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PKOKY4TW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:PKOKY4TWOYA47MK6CB6W2CIW5N","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1012.0578","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2010-12-02T21:15:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.ao-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"306be61ff69626cfbafb92880f233703bd7aef6b02ba815603719dd0ca4b4f6e","abstract_canon_sha256":"e224fd6b832bdfd6a9092ef3a4999cd555ad13a56cb76161f489f84fc54dee68"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7a9cac72767601cfb15e107d6d0916eb74eeadf724ada26a69f49d3797afae01","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:12.603889Z","signature_b64":"o6eLSw4SXDhWuyyOmVnUV1Zve3AtruyEZ4NaWuaJH3OL+9P1o9x1He2qLXQZAvbkbhk6NoKqxMXxNFoyA2yVAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7a9cac72767601cfb15e107d6d0916eb74eeadf724ada26a69f49d3797afae01","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:12.603417Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:12.603417Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1012.0578","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qmSprGuMYTXiTgJq6CanxaQB5vfVaPMSD27ijLI5Vqbnm8e3ny7Ey4nefuSRKGEiPLWaHybbHv4XX5Ka3EdXDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T04:24:15.999459Z"},"content_sha256":"e88386926eea66eee1b15ce4f9037003e10f4a14e6314a98a45579e3e8f321fd","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e88386926eea66eee1b15ce4f9037003e10f4a14e6314a98a45579e3e8f321fd"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:PKOKY4TWOYA47MK6CB6W2CIW5N","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Rapid growth of cloud droplets by turbulence","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.ao-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"J. Christos Vassilicos, Vassilios Dallas","submitted_at":"2010-12-02T21:15:19Z","abstract_excerpt":"Assuming perfect collision efficiency, we demonstrate that turbulence can initiate and sustain the rapid growth of very small water droplets in air even when these droplets are too small to cluster, and even without having to take gravity and small-scale intermittency into account. This is because the range of local Stokes numbers of identical droplets in the turbulent flow field is broad enough even when small-scale intermittency is neglected. This demonstration is given for turbulence which is one order of magnitude less intense than is typical in warm clouds but with a volume fraction which"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1012.0578","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"DRHqU+zFOLQC5zf/FW9IwvOk1LudwzmnEgiVoPrKQ8NRh4MlsMNLnvxmGIgGk18G63LH7q2w5CaCHnmqNFvmBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T04:24:16.000161Z"},"content_sha256":"65582dad35c99d93a429d4286cace5c14c3637494b9e5e592b8758d8a69de195","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:65582dad35c99d93a429d4286cace5c14c3637494b9e5e592b8758d8a69de195"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PKOKY4TWOYA47MK6CB6W2CIW5N/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PKOKY4TWOYA47MK6CB6W2CIW5N/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PKOKY4TWOYA47MK6CB6W2CIW5N/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T04:24:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PKOKY4TWOYA47MK6CB6W2CIW5N","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PKOKY4TWOYA47MK6CB6W2CIW5N/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PKOKY4TWOYA47MK6CB6W2CIW5N/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PKOKY4TWOYA47MK6CB6W2CIW5N/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:PKOKY4TWOYA47MK6CB6W2CIW5N","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e224fd6b832bdfd6a9092ef3a4999cd555ad13a56cb76161f489f84fc54dee68","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.ao-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2010-12-02T21:15:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"306be61ff69626cfbafb92880f233703bd7aef6b02ba815603719dd0ca4b4f6e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1012.0578","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1012.0578","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1012.0578v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1012.0578","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PKOKY4TWOYA4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PKOKY4TWOYA47MK6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PKOKY4TW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:65582dad35c99d93a429d4286cace5c14c3637494b9e5e592b8758d8a69de195","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Assuming perfect collision efficiency, we demonstrate that turbulence can initiate and sustain the rapid growth of very small water droplets in air even when these droplets are too small to cluster, and even without having to take gravity and small-scale intermittency into account. This is because the range of local Stokes numbers of identical droplets in the turbulent flow field is broad enough even when small-scale intermittency is neglected. This demonstration is given for turbulence which is one order of magnitude less intense than is typical in warm clouds but with a volume fraction which","authors_text":"J. Christos Vassilicos, Vassilios Dallas","cross_cats":["physics.ao-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2010-12-02T21:15:19Z","title":"Rapid growth of cloud droplets by turbulence"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1012.0578","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e88386926eea66eee1b15ce4f9037003e10f4a14e6314a98a45579e3e8f321fd","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e224fd6b832bdfd6a9092ef3a4999cd555ad13a56cb76161f489f84fc54dee68","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.ao-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2010-12-02T21:15:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"306be61ff69626cfbafb92880f233703bd7aef6b02ba815603719dd0ca4b4f6e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1012.0578","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"7a9cac72767601cfb15e107d6d0916eb74eeadf724ada26a69f49d3797afae01","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7a9cac72767601cfb15e107d6d0916eb74eeadf724ada26a69f49d3797afae01","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:12.603417Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:12.603417Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"o6eLSw4SXDhWuyyOmVnUV1Zve3AtruyEZ4NaWuaJH3OL+9P1o9x1He2qLXQZAvbkbhk6NoKqxMXxNFoyA2yVAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:12.603889Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1012.0578","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e88386926eea66eee1b15ce4f9037003e10f4a14e6314a98a45579e3e8f321fd","sha256:65582dad35c99d93a429d4286cace5c14c3637494b9e5e592b8758d8a69de195"],"state_sha256":"b3d650a9ccb2aa381e16de76298fd49087eee8c75b759f9943a58888a1397439"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8V5tpl19lc4tU0kCoN7CCnrvTGOLe6iL4FvAvPleazY7RDDNU5Ksi/FebBeZXwRVAvBaXOHuPzZZUyaG1clVDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T04:24:16.003859Z","bundle_sha256":"b664787d2b338f7c55c703c6f694178c56569cb8956dfe6bded6167b01ad3ed0"}}