{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2025:PMOWSKEBW2U64ZLSCOCZJH62T7","short_pith_number":"pith:PMOWSKEB","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"7b1d692881b6a9ee65721385949fda9ff1822ea1402c28d19d6317cfd2d08ffd","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2506.16080","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Microstates : Do the outliers worth","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.hist-ph"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","authors_text":"Olivier Sire","submitted_at":"2025-06-19T07:06:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"This note addresses the relevance of rare events in system dynamics, inspired by Jill North reflections on the origin of the arrow of time in thermodynamics. After identifying the existence of rare events, characterized by a Pareto distribution, within a simple gas particle simulation, we investigate their impact on entropy evolution. These rare events are associated with microstates that locally decrease entropy, in contrast to the overall entropy increase observed in the bulk of the system. We present numerical simulations of gas particles, both without and with a gravity-like attractive for"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.16080","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2025-06-19T07:06:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.hist-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"f4d8b52ab9c002eb64535d85b66108c6488cfade82d6a233ad109d26625cb0cc","abstract_canon_sha256":"4dc6d297df65688b074064c28dae4be436a118812a5aabd99544147153abfa7f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:24:30.108490Z","signature_b64":"aA8nhl7HYSW0Lcj7u1ZKyzo7Oo/lrrwFNpc2hM+7w3fL8ByOcQ+XqIWbq7SpYRjOrHLTv6EJOzis8Ca9NHWnDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7b1d692881b6a9ee65721385949fda9ff1822ea1402c28d19d6317cfd2d08ffd","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:24:30.107911Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:24:30.107911Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Microstates : Do the outliers worth","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.hist-ph"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","authors_text":"Olivier Sire","submitted_at":"2025-06-19T07:06:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"This note addresses the relevance of rare events in system dynamics, inspired by Jill North reflections on the origin of the arrow of time in thermodynamics. After identifying the existence of rare events, characterized by a Pareto distribution, within a simple gas particle simulation, we investigate their impact on entropy evolution. These rare events are associated with microstates that locally decrease entropy, in contrast to the overall entropy increase observed in the bulk of the system. We present numerical simulations of gas particles, both without and with a gravity-like attractive for"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.16080","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2506.16080/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.16080","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:24:30.107975+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.16080v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:24:30.107975+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.16080","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:24:30.107975+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PMOWSKEBW2U6","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:24:30.107975+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PMOWSKEBW2U64ZLS","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:24:30.107975+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PMOWSKEB","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:24:30.107975+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/PMOWSKEBW2U64ZLSCOCZJH62T7","json":"https://pith.science/pith/PMOWSKEBW2U64ZLSCOCZJH62T7.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/PMOWSKEBW2U64ZLSCOCZJH62T7/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/PMOWSKEBW2U64ZLSCOCZJH62T7/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/PMOWSKEB"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/PMOWSKEBW2U64ZLSCOCZJH62T7","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/PMOWSKEBW2U64ZLSCOCZJH62T7.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/PMOWSKEB","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2506.16080&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/PMOWSKEBW2U64ZLSCOCZJH62T7/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/PMOWSKEBW2U64ZLSCOCZJH62T7/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/PMOWSKEBW2U64ZLSCOCZJH62T7/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/PMOWSKEBW2U64ZLSCOCZJH62T7/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/PMOWSKEBW2U64ZLSCOCZJH62T7/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/PMOWSKEBW2U64ZLSCOCZJH62T7/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/PMOWSKEBW2U64ZLSCOCZJH62T7/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:24:30.107975+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T11:24:30.107975+00:00"}